1、 对于英语(二) 的考生来说，大作文备考的重点是图表作文，因为大纲样题中给出的是表格，而且两年真题考的是柱状图，都属于图表范畴。这里跨考教育温馨提示广大 2013 年考生，在复习这部分的时候，一定要有所侧重，做到心中有数。图表作文一般包括三个部分，第一段是描述图表，第二段是解释图表，最后一段是针对图表发表自己的看法或根据图表对图表里所暗含的趋势进行预测。三段必须环环相扣，逻辑清楚明了。一、第一段写作图表作文有表格(table)、柱形图(bar chart)、饼状图(pie chart)和折线图(diagram) 之分，后三种都属于图表的范畴(chart)。不管是 chart 还是 table，
2、都需要进行描述，一般放在文章的第一部分，长度宜适中。描述数据我们要首先看看是几个变量(A)，每个变量有几个数据(B)，不妨以 A*B 表示。如果只有一个变量，有三个数据，As can beseen clearly in the chart, the average number of hours a student spends onInternet every week has increased from 2 hours in 1998 to 8 hours in 2006.如果是最常见的是 2*3 的情形，According to the information implied in t
3、hechart, we can see clearly that in a big city in China, state owned houses declinedfrom 75% in 1990 to 60% in 1995 and then to 20% in 2000, while private housesrose from 25% to 40% and then to 80% during the same period.如果是 1*n(n3)的情形，将头与尾描述出来即可，比较好的方法就是在句中描述最后一个与第一个相比变化了多少。碰到多变量、每个变量多数据的情形，大家应首先进行
4、分类，分成上升、下降两类，或者上升、下降、不变三类，如此，问题可以得到解决。二、第二段写作第二段是阐释现象、解释原因的段落，在搬出原因，进行论证的时候，一定要注意起承转合，逻辑清楚，我们总结了以下的套用句式。it isuniversally known that the above-mentioned chart truly demonstrates a socialissue which is becoming more and more popular currently. What prove to be theunderlying reasons for it? Without any
5、doubt, 3 reasons stated as follows can be adopted to account for it. First andforemost,(阐释具体的现象或原因)more importantly, (阐释具体的现象或原因 )，last butnot the least.(阐述具体的现象或原因)三、第三段写作最后一段着力于根据图表所反映的变化，对它所存在的问题给出一些措施，对它的未来趋势进行展望或者阐述其发展方向。To sum up,in order to maintain such a sound momentum, a number of great ef
6、forts should bemade to take some effective measures in this regard, on the one hand,具体的措施，on the other hand，具体的措施，only in this way,can this momentum be kept smoothly, (如果以上说的是好的趋势) Generallyspeaking, in order to put an end to this bad momentum, some compelling measuresshould be taken into account, o
7、n the one hand,具体措施， onthe other hand,具体措施， only if we have taken theabove-mentioned measures ,can this momentum be curbed effectively.(如果以上说的是不好的趋势)总之，图表作文的写作有一定的规律可循，在写作的过程中，考生们可以套用以上给出的一些重要句子，如此练习、反复实践，必将掌握图表作文的写作套路。一、图表作文写作常识1、图形种类及概述法 泛指一份数据图表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table饼 pie
8、chart直方图或柱形 bar chart / histogram趋势曲线 line chart / curve diagram表格 table流程图或过程 flow chart / sequence diagram程序 processing/procedures diagram2、常用的描述用法The table/chart diagram/graph shows （that）According to the table/chart diagram/graphAs （is ） shown in the table/chart diagram/graphAs can be seen from
9、the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures，figures/statistics shows （that）It can be seen from the figures/statisticsWe can see from the figures/statisticsIt is clear from the figures/statisticsIt is apparent from the figures/statisticstable/chart/diagram/graph figures （that） table/chart/diagram/graph sho
10、ws/describes/illustrates how3、图表中的数据（Data）具体表达法数据（Data）在某一个时间段固定不变：fixed in time在一系列的时间段中转变：changes over time持续变化的 data 在不同情况下 增加：increase / raise / rise / go up 减少：decrease / grow down / drop / fall 波动：fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave 稳定：remain stable / stabilize / level off 最常用的两种表达法 动词+副词形式（
11、Verb+Adverb form）形容词+名词形式（Adjective+Noun form）二、相关常用词组1、主章开头图表类型：table、chart、diagramgraph、column chart、pie graph描述：show、describe、illustrate、can be seen from、clear、apparent、reveal、represent内容：figure、statistic、number、percentage、proportion2、表示数据变化的单词或者词组rapid/rapidly 迅速的，飞快的，险峻的dramatic/dramatically 戏剧
12、性的，生动的significant/significantly 有意义的，重大的，重要的sharp/sharply 锐利的，明显的，急剧的steep/steeply 急剧升降的steady/steadily 稳固的，坚定不移的gradual/gradually 渐进的，逐渐的slow/slowly 缓慢的，不活跃的slight/slightly 轻微的、略微地stable/stably 稳定的3、其它在描述中的常用到的词significant changes 图中一些较大变化noticeable trend 明显趋势during the same period 在同一时期grow/grew 增
13、长distribute 分布，区别unequally 不相等地in the case of adv. 在的情况下in terms of / in respect of / regarding 在方面in contrast 相反，大不相同government policy 政府政策market forces 市场规率measure n.尺寸，方法，措施 v.估量，调节forecast n.先见，预见 v.预测三、考研英语图表写作套句精选the table shows the changes in the number ofover the period fromto 该表格描述了在年之年间数量的
14、变化。 2.the bar chart illustrates that该柱状图展示了3.the graph provides some interesting data regarding该图为我们提供了有关有趣数据。4.the diagram shows （that）该图向我们展示了5.the pie graph depicts （that）该圆形图揭示了6.this is a cure graph which describes the trend of这个曲线图描述了的趋势。7.the figures/statistics show （that）数据（字）表明8.the tree di
15、agram reveals how该树型图向我们揭示了如何9.the data/statistics show （that）该数据（字）可以这样理解10.the data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that这些数据资料令我们得出结论11.as is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table如图所示12.according to the chart/figures根据这些表（数字）13.as is shown in the table如表格所示14.a
16、s can be seen from the diagram，great changes have taken place in从图中可以看出，发生了巨大变化。15.from the table/chart/diagram/figure，we can see clearly thator it is clear/apparent from the chart that从图表我们可以很清楚（明显）看到16.this is a graph which illustrates这个图表向我们展示了17.this table shows the changing proportion of a & b
17、fromto该表格描述了年到年间 a 与 b 的比例关系。18.the graph，presented in a pie chart ， shows the general trend in该图以圆形图形式描述了总的趋势。19.this is a column chart showing这是个柱型图，描述了20.as can be seen from the graph，the two curves show the flutuation of如图所示，两条曲线描述了的波动情况。21.over the period fromtotheremained level.在至期间，基本不变。22.in
18、 the year betweenand在年到期间23.in the 3 years spanning from 1995 through 19981995 年至 1998 三年里24.from then on/from this time onwards从那时起25.the number ofremained steady/stable from （month/year） to （month/year）。月（年）至月（年）的数量基本不变。26.the number sharply went up to数字急剧上升至27.the percentage ofstayed the same bet
19、weenand至期间的比率维持不变。28.the figures peaked atin（month/year）的数目在月（年）达到顶点，为29.the percentage remained steady at比率维持在30.the percentage ofis sightly larger/smaller than that of的比例比的比例略高（低）。31.there is not a great deal of difference betweenand与的区别不大。32.the graphs show a threefold increase in the number of该图
20、表表明的数目增长了三倍。33decreased year by year whileincreased steadily.逐年减少，而逐步上升。34.the situation reached a peak（a high point at） of%.的情况（局势）到达顶（高）点，为百分点。35.the figures/situation bottomed out in数字（情况）在达到底部。36.the figures reached the bottom/a low point/hit a trough.数字（情况）达到底部（低谷）。37.a is times as much/many as
21、 b.a 是 b 的 倍。38.a increased bya 增长了39.a increased toa 增长到40.high/low/great/small/ percentage.比低高（低）41.there is an upward trend in the number of数字呈上升趋势。42.a considerable increase/decrease occurred fromto到发生急剧上升。43.fromtothe rate of decrease slow down.从到，下降速率减慢。44.from this year on，there was a gradual
22、 declinel reduction in the，reaching a figure of从这年起，逐渐下降至45.be similar to与相似46.be the same as与相同47.there are a lot similarities/differences betweenand与之间有许多相似（不同）之处48.a has something in common with ba 于 b 有共同之处。49.the difference between a and b lies ina 与 b 之间的差别在于 50（year）witnessed/saw a sharp rise in年急剧上升
