1、Unit 10 Unit 12一、Grammar:间接引语1. 什么叫直接引语？什么叫间接引语？一字不改地引述别人的话叫直接引语，用说话人自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。2. 直接引语变间接引语需要注意的问题：1） 人称代词的变化：e.g. He said “Im tired”.He said that he was tired.2) 指示代词的变化。thisthat thesethose3) 地点状语的变化：herethere4) 动词的变化：comego bringtake5) 时态的变化：一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 过去完成时现在进行时 过去进行时现在完成时 过去完成时一般将来时
2、 过去将来时过去完成时 不变现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时现在时情态动词 过去时情态动词过去时情态动词 不变6) 时间状语的变化：现在 nowthen今天 todaythat day本周（月） this week (month)that week(month etc)昨天 yesterdaythe day before上星期（月） last week(month)the week(month) before三天（年）以前 three days (years) agothree days (years) before明天 tomorrowthe following daythe next day
3、下月（周） next week(month)the next week(month)今晚 tonightthat night后天 the day after tomorrowin two days time3. 直接引语变为间接引语的引导词：1）直接引语是陈述句用 that 引导，变为 that 引导的宾语从句。e.g. He said “Im very busy”.He said that he was very busy.She told me “I know him”.She told me that she knew him.My father said, “I worked ther
4、e twenty years go.”My father said that he had worked there twenty years before.2) 直接引语是一般疑问句时，用 if 或 whether 连接if=whether=whether or not 是否e.g. He asked “Can you swim?”He asked me if I could swim.The teacher said “Have you all understood me?”The teacher asked the class if they had understood her.She
5、 asked her brother “Do you study English every day?”She asked her brother if he studied English every day.3) 直接引语是特殊疑问句时，用特殊疑问句的疑问词来连接。e.g. George said, “ When will you get back from London, John?”George asked John when he would get back from London.“Where are you going?” he asked.He asked me where
6、I was going.4) 当直接引语是祈使句时，将祈使句变为不定式连接。作 ask, told, order, beg 等动词的宾语补语。e.g. The teacher said to the boy “Open the window”.The teacher told the boy to open the window.“Dont speak English.” the man said to his sister.The man told his sister not to speak English.4. 练习：将下列句子变成间接引语。1) People may ask, ”Ho
7、w does a computer work?”注意：当语句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时，则间接引语中的动词仍保持原来的时态。People may ask how a computer works.2) Mother asked me “where have you been?”Mother asked me where I had been.3) My teacher told me “Dont be late next time.”My teacher told me not to be late the next time4) He said It will rain soon.”H
8、e said that it would rain soon.5) He asked me “Are you a student?”He asked me if I was a student.二、Language Points of Unit Ten1. rain cats and dogs下倾盆大雨e.g. 昨天汤母离开时，正下倾盆大雨。It was raining cats and dogs when Tom was leaving yesterday.2. set foot 迈步，抬脚落于后常跟介词 to 或 ine.g. 他是第一个登上月球的人。He was the first pe
9、rson to set foot on the moon.3. make up ones mind to do sth. 下定决心做某事。=make up ones mind about doing sth.e.g. 那个学生下决心要学好数学。The boy made up his mind to study maths well.4. make out = understand 理解，了解e.g. 他听不懂老师所说的话。He cant make out what the teacher said.5. pick sb. up (用车)接，顺路捎。pick sth. up 拾起。e.g. 我可
10、以让我妹妹来接我。I might get my younger sister to come to pick me up.他把钢笔拾了起来。He picked the pen up.1He complained that nobody helped him and that he did all the work on his own.2. Tom reminded me that that restaurant was very expensive and that the service was bad, too.3. Dont bother me again. Id like to be
11、 left alone.4. We must admit that not all the people are interested in it.5. Shes really a disgusting person. Our holiday is spoiled all by her.三、Language points of Unit 111. take over 夺取政权，执政，对负责e.g. 他走后，他们想让我接替他做老师。They want me to take over as teacher when he leaves.2. learn from 向学习e.g. 我们应当向雷锋学习
12、。We must learn from Lei Feng.3. draw up 起草，草拟e.g. 我正忙于起草新课程的教学计划。Im busy drawing up plans for the new course.1. I want to know whether Zhang Ming is coming to our party tonight.2. They enquired where Jim lived.3. Nobody knows whose book it is.4. His ideas are really out of date and he looks a bit si
13、lly to me.5. The history of the family goes back 500 years, and several members were once senior officials in different dynasties.四、Language Points of Unit 12:1. count up 相加，计算e.g. 我算了一下我的工龄。I counted up my years of working experience.2. dream about 做梦，梦想e.g. 年轻人总是对各种事情富于梦想。Young people always dream
14、 about all sorts of things.3. hold ones breath 屏住呼吸e.g. 那一刻，小女孩吓得不敢出气。The boy was so frightened that he held his breath at that moment.4. put on (a play, film, show etc) 上演，公映e.g. 一部新电影很快在全国上映A new film will be put on all over the country soon.5. put an end(及物，带宾语) to = come to an end(不及物)=ende.g. 下
15、课了。The class came to an end.我们很快结束了这个会。We put an end to the meeting quickly.1. Be patient. The meeting will come to an end at once.2. I dont believe hell work for free.3. His work does not make any difference to our project.4. For my sake, don make any trouble for them any more.5. Its for Wang Wei that I changed my mind.
