1、1 语法填空 第一步： 分析空格处应该填入的词性 （一） 英文基本句型 n. + v. + n. adj adv adj adv adv adv v.的作用： 1.动词是句子的核心 2.有且只有一个 n.的作用 ：发出或承受动作 adj.的作用 ：修饰名词 adv.的作用 ：修饰形容词、副词和动词。 （二）四大词性 v.词性 v. n.词性 1.等于名词的 ： 名词 、 代词 、 数词 2.其它词性变名词 adj 变名词 ： the + adj. v.变名词 ： to do / doing / 动词加后缀变名词 3.句子变名词 adj.词性 1.等于 adj 的 ： adj. 2.其它词性变
2、形容词 n.变 形容词： 1.名词当形容词使 2.名词 s（有生命的才能用 s） 3.介词 +n. v.变 形容词： to do / doing / done 3.句子变 形容词 adv.词性 1.等于 adv 的 ： adv. 2.其它词性变 副词 n.变副词 ： 介词 +n. v.变副词 ： to do / doing / done 3.句子变副词 第二步： 结合词性与题目给出信息解题 （一） 空格后给出括号中有单词 1.给出词性与空格中需求词性相同 考本身 名词： 单复数 代词： “格 “的转换（ 形容词副词： 比较级， 最高级 反义词 反义词 possible impossible 动
3、词： 时态 、 语态 、语气 2.给出词性与空格中需求词性不同 考转化 难点 用后缀转化，用语法转化 （ 1）给 v.缺 n. （ 2）给 v.缺 adj. 2 （ 3）给 v.缺 adv. （ 4）给 n.、 adj.、 adv.缺 v. （ 5）给 adj.缺 adv. （二） 空格后未给出单词： 判断缺少词性 主要有四种 ： 代 冠 连 介 缺少名词 优先考虑代词， 实在不行填名词 (固定搭配 ) 介词 1)不及物动词 +介词 2)介词 +名词 冠词 介词后面 ， 名词前面 。 the 这个， a 一个 连词 1）填连词必须前后平行 2)两个谓语动词之间考连词 3)从句的前面 4)放在句
4、首 第三部分 知识点 （一） 连词的两种判断方式 1.空格前后， 结构相似、 词性相同 【平行结构】 2.空格前后各有独立的句子 (句子有独立的谓语动词 ) （二）修饰成分词序 修饰成分原则上都后置 ， 长度为一 ， 可以前置 ， 也可以后置 。 没有生命所有用介词 of the car of our scholl 例子 ： n._(adj.) v. + n. 空格处填 adv. （三） 空格填表语， 括号给名词， 名词需不需要转化 n + 系动词 + _ 若表语与 n.是修饰关系， 则 _填 adj 若表语与 n.是等号关系， 则 _填 n. 如 : You are beauty. beau
5、ty=you 你 =美人 You are beautiful. beautiful 修饰 you 美丽的你 （四）介词后面不能加 to do （五） doing 和加后缀 -ment形成 名词 有什么区别 v.+ing 是动词本身的意思， 表示动作 加后缀的 n 意思 可能 发生转化 如果 v 是及物动词， 后面加 n， 是不及物动词， 需要加介词再接 n. Loving（ v+ing） you is difficult. Love（ n.） is difficult. 名词 (love)不能直接接名词 (you) My _love（ n.） of you. 动词 (love)前面不能接形容词
6、 (my) 3 2017 全国一卷 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界） 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease-the ve
7、ry thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something
8、. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat
9、 and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心 ) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health. 2017 全国二卷 In 1863the first underground passenger rail
10、way in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible _61_(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and _62_ word. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, _63_(lay) th
11、e track and then building a strong roof over_64_ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines _65_(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been_66_(fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a gr
12、eat success and within six months, more than 25, 000 people were using_67_ every day. Later, engineers _68_(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道） , which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the _69_ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and li
13、fts. The central London Railway was one of the most _70_(success) of these 4 new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public. 2017 全国三卷 She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thom
14、as is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (real) Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as 62 model in New York. Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new y
15、ear. Her father Peter44, want her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty she is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate). She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows i
16、n order to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture. Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (come) first. I dont want to get too abso
17、rbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I dont want to have nothing else to fall back on when I cant model my more. “ 2016 全国一卷 Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 61
18、 (attract). So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I 62 (arrow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 63 (official) given to
19、me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back 64 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 65 I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 67 (introduce) British v
20、isitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia. 5 On mu recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 68 (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few 69 ( day) with his sister so that while one is being bo
21、ttle-fed, 70 other is with mum-she never suspects. 2016 全国二卷 If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别 )those of 61 (great)and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of 62 (achieve). Leaving the les
22、s important things until tomorrow 63 (be) often acceptable. Most of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive 65 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon a
23、nd go home feeling accomplished. Recent 66 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 67 (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68 while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy. If you find something you love doing outside of the office,
24、 youll be less likely 69 (bring) your work home. It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports but whatever it is, 70 (make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about. 2016 全国三卷 In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan
25、, Korea, 41 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks. Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 42 (make)of gold and silver with Chinese charact
26、ers. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43 (create)special designs. The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 44 (use) twigs(树枝 ) to remove it. Over time, 45 the population grew, people began cutting food into sma
27、ll pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 46 (gradual)turned into chopsticks. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 6 47 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 48 (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed
28、knives would remind people of killings and 49 (be) too violent for use at the table. Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 50 their hands. 2018 全国一卷 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) t
29、han non-runners. You dont have to run fast or for long 62 (see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke,be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.While running regatesalstly cannt make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cy
30、cling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause). The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise its probably running
31、. To avoid knee pain,you can run on soft surfaces,do exercises to 68 (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉 ),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap,easy and its always 69 (energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps
32、 we should all give 70 a try. 2018 全国二卷 Diets have changed in China and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country 61 （ grow） more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behind
33、 the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corns rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥 ) runoff. This switch has decre
34、ased 66 (pollute) in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 when the government 68 (start
35、) a soil-testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放 ) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. Chinas 7 approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens “offers usefu
36、l lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide.“ says the banks Juergen Voegele. 2018 全国三卷 Im not sure 6 1 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩 猩 ） that suddenly appears out of nowhere. Im walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, Im face-to
37、-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look)
38、 directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel 65 (challenge). My name is Mireya Mayor. Im a 66 (science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried. When the
39、gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 (they) alive. True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: “Im king of this forest, and here is your reminder!“ Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay)and watch.
