1、3.1 The construction of an ICIO table and its data sources,3.1 国际投入产出表的结构框架及其数据来源,目 录 ONTENTS,Add your Title in here,Add your Title in here,Add your Title in here,Add your Title in here,C,2,什么是国际投入产出表？, 实际上是一个数据库，详细介绍了国际生产和使用的所有流量的增加值。 该数据库详细说明： 1. 每一国家间的中间产品和最终产品的交易 2. 在所有国家的每个产业的直接附加值 3. 所有国家，每个产业
2、的总产量,3.1 国际投入产出表的结构框架及其数据来源, 这样的表超越了单一的投入产出表它指定了所有业务流程的来源和目的地，以及所有这些流量的每一个中间或最终用途，变得更加详细。 举个例子：例如有一个国际投入产出表，它描述在日本生产的电子元器件，被运往中国的数量。这个数据也将用来区分作为中间投入的每个中国部门，和作为最终用途的中国私人家庭消费和资本形成的数量。 然而,这些表在全球范围内不可用。因为可用的全球数据库，如GTAP，在跨国界的供应和货物的使用上没有足够的细节，能够直接用于实现我们的方法论。,3.1 国际投入产出表的结构框架及其数据来源, 为了提供一个可行的数据集进行我们的出口总值分解
3、，我们用数学规划模型整合GTAP数据库和附加信息得出一个新的数据，它可以： (a)最大限度的减小从原始GTAP数据产生的偏差 (b)确保每一个部门和每一个国家供需平衡 (c)使GTAP数据库中的所有部门双边贸易保持平衡。 新的数据库覆盖26个国家和41个行业，也是这篇文章的主要数据源。, 为了估计这些产业间和国家间详细的中间流动,我们需要： 1.区分每个部门不同进口来源的产品的中间和最终用途 2.从一个特定的国家向每个部门分配中间产品，在所有目的地国家中使用。 但是，没有额外的信息可以让一个特定来源国中一个特定行业的中间产品适当地分配到它在目的地经济中的应用产业。 因此，只能通过假设这些中间产
4、品与该产品的总来源结构是一致的，部门中一个特定产品的进口中间投入可以在最初分配给每个来源国。,3.1 国际投入产出表的结构框架及其数据来源, 虽然GTAP数据库提供了双边贸易流，但它不区分产品是否用作中间品还是成品。 最初区分双边贸易流入中间和最终使用的是联合国BEC方法 Johnson and Noguera and Daudin, Rifflart, and Schweisguth，不使用详细的贸易数据来区分每一个双边贸易流中的中间产品，而是直接用比例法，认为国内的供给和进口产品，其中间和最终产品的比例是相同的。,3.1 国际投入产出表的结构框架及其数据来源,ADD YOUR TITLE,
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