1、1.Cardinals and Ordinals 基数和序数 (1)100 以内的数词 基数 序数 Roman Arabic Numerals Numerals 罗马数字 阿拉伯数字 读法 数码 读法 I 1 one 1st the first II 2 two 2nd the second dIII 3 three 3rd the third IV 4 four 4th the fourth V 5 five 5th the fifth VI 6 six 6th the sixth VII 7 seven 7th the seventh VIII 8 eight 8th the eighth
2、 IX 9 nine 9th the ninth X 10 ten 10th the tenth XI 11 eleven 11th the eleventh XII 12 twelve 12th the twelfth XIII 13 thirteen 13th the thirteenth XIV 14 fourteen 14th the fourteenth XV 15 fifteen 15th the fifteenth XVI 16 sixteen 16th the sixteenth XVII 17 seventeen 17th the seventeenth XVIII 18 e
3、ighteen 18th the eighteenth XIX 19 nineteen 19th the nineteenth n XX 20 twenty 20th the twentieth XXI 21 twenty-one 21st the twenty-first XXV 25 twenty-five 25th the twenty-fifth XXX 30 thirty 30th the thirtieth XL 40 forty 40th the fortieth L 50 fifty 50th the fiftieth LX 60 sixty 60th the sixtieth
4、 LXX 70 seventy 70th the seventieth LXXX 80 eighty 80th the eightieth XC 90 ninety 90th the ninetieth IC 99 ninety-nine 99th the ninety-ninth C 100 one hundred 100th the hundredth CII 102 a hundred 102nd the (one) hundred and two and second 246 two hundred and forty-six 751 seven hundred and fifty-o
5、ne seven hundred and fifty-one(2)1000 以上的数词 1,000 = one thousand 一千 10,000 = ten thousand 一万100,000 = one hundred thousand 十万 1,000,000 = one million 一百万10,000,000 = ten million 一千万 100,000,000=one hundred million 一亿(3)十亿以上的大数,英美有不同的读法: 英国 美国 十亿 one thousand million = one billion 百亿 ten thousand mil
6、lion = ten billion 千亿 one hundred thousand million = one hundred billion 万亿 one billion = one trillion 2.Fractions 分数 通常将分子读为基数,将分母 读为序数。 1/2 = a (or one) half 1/3 = a (or one) third 1/4 = a quarter or one fourth1/5 = a (or one) fifth 2/3 = two thirds 9/10 = nine tenths 53/4 = five and three quarter
7、s 15/64= fifteen over (or by) sixty-four 15% = fifteen per cent 4 = four per mill 3.Decimals 小数 0.4 = zero (or nought) point four .01 = point (or decimal) nought 12.34 = twelve point three 567.809 = five hundred and sixty-seven point eight nought nine 30.45 = thirty point four five, five recurring t
8、hirty point four five0.3% = decimal three percent 4.Mathematic Forms 数学式 (1) Addition 加法 1+2=3 One and two are three. 2+3=5 Two plus three equals five. 4+0=4 Four and nought is equal to four. 45+70+152=267 45,70 and 152 added are (or make) 267 the sum (or total) is 267. 演算时的读法: Three and seven are t
9、en; I write(or I write down,or I put down)a nought and carry one. Four and one that I carry are five, and eight make thirteen,and three sixteen; I write down six and carry one. One and one (that I carry) are two; I put down two.- The sum (or total, or the result of the addition) is two hundred and s
10、ixty. 37,80 and 143 added together, and(or make) 260. (2)Subtraction 减法 9-4=5 Nine minus four equals (or is equal to) five. 15-7=8 Seven from fifteen leaves eight. 23,654-8,175=15,479 8,175 (take or subtracted) from 23,654 leaves 15,479. The difference (or The remainder) is 15,479. Nine from five wo
11、nt go. 演算时的读法:Nought from nought (leaves) nought. One from one leaves nought (or nothing). Two from three (leaves) one. I cant take (or subtract) five from four; I must borrow ten; five from fourteen leaves nine.- The difference (or The remainder) is nine thousand one hundred. 5210 (take or substrac
12、ted) from 14,310 leaves 9,100. (3)Multiplication 乘法 10=0 One multiplied by nought equals nought. 11=1 Once one is one. 21=2 Twice one is two. 35=15 Three times five is fifteen 60=0 Multiply six by nothing, and the result is nothing. 演算时的读法: Five times nine (or Nine multiplied by five) are forty-five
13、; I put down five and carry four. Five times seven are thirty-five and four (that I carry) are thirty-nine; I write down nine and carry three. Five times six make thirty and three (that I carry) thirty-three; I put down thirty-three. Eight times nine (or Eight nine) are seven two; I write two and ca
14、rry seven. Eight sevens make fifty-six and seven are sixty-three. I put down three and carry six. Eight sixes make forty-eight and six fifty-four; I write down fifty-four. I now add the partial results (or products) Five. Two and nine are eleven. Three and three are six and one are seven. Four and t
15、hree make seven. Five. (4)Division 除法 93=3 Nine divided by three maks (or is equal to) three. 205=4 Five into twenty goes four times. 456723=198 余 13 23 into 4567 goes 198 times, and 13 remainder. The quctient is 198, and 13 remainder. 演算时的读法: Fifteen into thirteen wont go ; fifteen into one hundred
16、 and thirty-eight goes nine times; nine times fifteen are one hundred and threty-five; one hundred and thirty-five from one hundred and thirty-eight leaves three; I bring down seven; fifteen into thirty-seven goes twice; twice fifteen are thirty; thirty from thirty-seven leaves seven. The (exact) qu
17、otient is ninety-two, and seven remainder; 15 into 1387 goes 92 times, and 7 remainder. 5.Time 时间 (1)Hours 钟点 2h.58“ = two hours five minutes eight seconds 2 小时 5 分 8 秒 6.18 = six eighteen 6 时 18 分 8.30 a.m.= eight thirty a.m.ei em 上午 8 时 30 分 the 6.05 p.m.train = the six (nought) five p.m.pi:em tra
18、in 下午 6 时零 5 分列车 又二十四小时混合制的写法和读法如下: 0900 = 0 nine hunderd (上午)9 时 0910 = 0 nine ten (上午)9 时 10 分 1300 = thirteen hundred 13 时(下午 1 时) 1525 = fifteen twenty-five 15 时 25 分(下午 3 时 25 分) 2000 = twenty hundred 20 时(下午 8 时) at 5 oc =at five oclock 五点钟 (2)Date 日期 Oct.1 =October first 10 月 1 日 Oct.1st = Oc
19、tober the first 10 月 1 日 Ist Oct. 1949 = teh first of October, nineteen forty-nine 1949 年 10 月 1 日 3/5 = 英May (the) third 5 月 3 日;美March fifth 3 月 5 日 附注联系日期前置词用 on. (3)Year 年份 684 B.C. =Six eighty-four B.C. bi:si: 公元前 684 年 1960 = nineteen sixty; nineteen hundred and sixty 19- nineteen something 19
20、50s nineteen fifties 二十世纪五十年代 附注联系年份的前置词用 in. 6.Numbers 号码 (1)Telephones Numbers 电话号码 1023 = one O two three; ten twenty-three 1227 = one double two (or two two) seven 0386 = O three eight six 0096 = double O(or O O )nine six 7000 = seven O double O = seven thousand No.26= Number 26 第 26 号 Room 201
21、= Room two O one 第 201 房间 10 Changan Street = Ten Changan Street 长安街 10 号 (2)Writings 书籍作品 Vol.I = Volume one (or the first volume) 卷一 Chap.II= Chapter two (or the second chapter) 第 2 章 Page 3 = page Three (or the third page) 第 3 页 See pp.5-10 = See Pages five to ten 见第 5-10 页 Act V = Act five (or t
22、he fifth act) 第 5 幕 Hamlet III 1:56 = Hamlet Act Three, Secene One.Line fifty-six 哈姆雷特第 3 幕第一场第 56 行 Matt.7:12 = Matthew, Chapter Seven, Verse Twelve 马可福音第七章第 12 节 Beethoven Op.49 = Beethoven Opus forty-nine 贝多芬作品第 49 号 4to = quarto 四本开 8vo = octavo 八本开 (3)Other 其他 World War I = World War One 第一次世界大
23、战 World War II = World War Two 第二次世界大战 Charles I= Charles the First 查理一世 Henry V = Henry the Fifth 亨利五世 Mr.- = Mr. Dash; Mr. So-and-so 某某先生 Mr.B - = Mr. B -Esq.,of -= the town of Blank Esquire of Blank University 某大学某某先生 the town of = the town of Blank 某某城 The result of the game was 3-0 比赛结果是三比零。 7.
24、Money 货币 (1)British currency 英币 6d. = six pence 六便士 1/2d. = a halfpenny 半便士 11/2d. = a peney halfpenny or three halfpeny or three halfpence 一便士半 1/4d. = a farthing 一个铜元 33/4d.= three pence three farghings 三便士三铜元 1s.6d.(or 1/6) = one (shilling) and six (pence) 一先令六便士 1.18 = (or1.18s.)= one pound eigh
25、teen (shillings) 一镑十八先令 1.3s.6d. = one pound, three shillings (and) sixpence 4/51/2(or4s.51/2d.) = four (shillings) and five pence halfpenny (2)U.S. currency 1.20 dollar (and) twenty (cents) 美金一元二角 4.25 = four dollars twenty-five cents 美金四元二角五分 (3)Soviet currency 前苏联币 6 Rb. 15 = six roubles fifteen
26、kopecks 六卢布十五戈比 (4) German currency 德币 1 m. 60 = one mark sixty pfennig -马克六十芬尼 (5)French currency 法国币 1 fr.30 = one franc. thirty (centimes) -法郎三十生丁 0 fr.15 = fifteen centimes 十五生丁 (6) Chinese Peoples Currency 人民币 1.50 = one yuan and a half 一元五角 JMP 10.35 = JMP ten yuan thirty-five (fen) 人民币十元三角五分
27、附注:yuan 单复数没有变化: 也可作为日本本位币“圆” 的符号。 8. Weight and Measures 度量衡 (1)length,area, and volume 长度、面积和容积 3 in = three inches 三英寸 15 ft.5 in = fifteen foot five (inches) 十五英尺五英寸 附注 尤其在 inches 省略时, ft.读作 foot;如果 inches 也念出来,ft 可以读作 fett. 186 5/1“= eighteen foot six and a fifth (inches) 108feet= ten by eight
28、feet 十英尺长,八英尺 宽 5“431/2 = five inches by four by three and a half 长五英寸,宽四英寸,高三英寸半 附注 以上二例中,乘号 表示面积或容积。 (2)Weight 重量 12 dr. 23 gr.= Twelve drams twenty-three grains 十二打兰二十三喱 10 oz. 4 dr. = Ten ounces four drams 十盎司打兰 (3)Capacity 容量 3 gi. = three gills 三及耳 1 qt. 1 pt = one quart one pint 一夸脱一品脱 附注 qt.
29、,pt. 的复数是 qts.,pts.,也可以不加 s. 20 gal. 5 qt. =Twenty gallons five quarts 二十加仑五夸脱 5 bu. 3 pk. = Five bushels three pecks 五蒲式耳三配克(1)基数词的读法 我们先从基数词入手。首先掌握三位以内数字的 读法,因 为它是多位数字的基 础,一旦熟练掌握,再借助一个逗号,便可轻松应付四位以上任何庞大的数字。我 们可以通过例子来 说明这一点。 35 位数的读法 202 读作:two hundred(and)two 234 读作:two hundred(and)thirty-four 1, 2
30、34 读 作:one thousand two hundred(and)thirtyfour 但是在读法上须注意以下几点: a在英式英语中,一个数的最后两位(十位和个位)得用“and,但美式英 语中则不用。如:3,077 读作:U.S:three thousand seventyseven b不定冠词“a” 只在数的开头才和 hundred,thousand 等连用。试比较: 146 读作:ahundred(and)forty-six 2,146 读 作:twothousand ,one hundred(and)fortysix c.1,000 这个整数我们说 athousand,在 and
31、前我们也说 a thousand,但是在一个有百位数的数目前就得说 one thousand 试比较: 1,031 读作:a thousand,(and)thirty-one, 1,150 读作:one thousand,one hundred(and)fifty d.hundred,thousand 和 million 这几个词的单数可以和:“a” 者“one”连用,但是不能单独使用。在非正式文体中“a”比较常见;当我们说话比较准确的时候就用“one”试比较: I Want to live for a hundred years The journey took exactly one hu
32、ndred days e.我们 常常 说 eleven hundred(1,100),twelve hundred(1,200)等,而不说 one thous and one hundred从 1,100 到 1,900 之间的整数,这 种说法最常见。 5 位以上数字的读法 11,234 读 作:eleven thousand two hundred(and),thirtyfour 155,721 读作:one hundred(and)fifly-fivethous and seven hundred(and)twenty-one 6,155,702 读作: six million one h
33、undred(and)fifly-five thous and seven hundred and two 26,000,008 读作: twenty-six million and eight 326,414,718 读作: three hundred(and)twenty-six mil-lion,four hundred(and)four teen thous and,seven hundred(and)eigh-teen 4,302,000,000 读作:four billion three hundred(and)two million 由以上一组数字可以看出,多位数由右向左每 3
34、位有一逗号, 这个逗号的作用非同小可,在记忆数字时,它可以帮我们很大的忙! 逆向第一个逗号读 thousand;向左再推三位,第二个逗号读 million;第三个逗号读 billion;第四个逗号就是 trillion。这几个逗号的作用在于,当我们听到若干 thousand 时,立即写下这个数,并在其后打一个逗号,并留出 3 位;当听到若干 million,则写下数字,并在其后打一逗号,留出 6 位;听到若干 billion,方法同上,在后面留出 9 位,后面的 million、thousand 依此法类推,让所有数字各就其位。 例如,当你听到“twenty thous and andfour
35、写出 20,“and four”意为后一组仅有个位,即:004,那么,这个数字完整地写下来就是 20,004;若听到“six million twenty thousand four hundred and twentythree,”则第一步先写:6,020,再将最后一组 423 写在第一个逗号后面。完整的翠字为 6,020,423。若听到“One billion,one hundred and four million,twenty thousand four hundred and twenty-three”:主第一步写出 1,104,第二步接下去写第三 组 020,第三步二写 423,这
36、样得到的完整数字便是 1,104,020,423,由此: 见这个三位一逗号的作用有多大。只要我们在平 时的训练中加强对 三位数读写的训练,能分辨 “ty”与“teen,并能借助这个不可缺少的“逗号” ,无论数字多么大,也不会对我们造成障碍。 (2)序数词的读法 lst 读作:(the)first 2nd 读作:(the)second 3nd 读作:(the)third 4th 读作:(the)fourth 20th 读作:(the)twentieth 21st 读作:(the)twenty-first 22nd 读作:(the)twenty-second 23rd 读作:(the)twenty
37、-third 其它以此类推。 A.分数 (3)分数、小数和百分比的读法;分数中分子用基数 词表示,分母用序数词表示。先读分子,后 读分母。当分子大于 1 时,分母要加“s”。例如 1/2 读作:aone half(口语中更倾向于用“a”代替“one”) 1/3 读作:aone third 1/8 读作:anone eighth 1/4 读作:aone quarter(fourth) 2/3 读作:two thirds 1/5/9 读作 one and five ninths 比较复杂的分数常常用 over 这个词表示。如: 317/509 读作:three hundred and sevent
38、een over five hundred and nine 3/4hour,7lOmile 则说 three quarters of an hour(三刻钟) ,seven tenths of a mile(十分之七英里)。 B小数 含小数点的数字,小数点“”读“point”,小数点后的数若是两位以上, 则分别读出。 05 读作: (nought) * point five 025 读作: (nought) point two five 0125 读 作;(nought)point one two five 93,64m 读作:ninety-three point six four mete
39、rs 21511读作:two minutes fifteen point one one seconds C百分比 读百分比只需在相应的数字后加“percent“。如: 25读作 twenty-five percent 113读 作 eleven point three percent (4)年代及日期的读法 数字表示的年份通常分成两半来说。 2000BC读作:two thousand BC 1558 读作:fifteen fifty-eight 1603 读作:six teen(hundred and)threesixteen oh three 921 读作:nine twenty-one
40、日期的表达英式和美式有所不同,请注意区别。 在日期的写法上,英式先写日子,美式先写月份。 英 1999 年 4 月 6 日=6th April l999 美 1999 年 4 月 6 日=April 6,1999 在读法上,英国人有两种表达方式: 1April the sixth,nineteen ninety-nine 2The sixth of April,nineteen ninety-nine 美国人则一般这样表示: April sixth,nineteen ninety-nine(省略“the“) (5)钟点的读法 钟点的读法分英式和美式两种,我 们应对此加以注意。 英 7:00 s
41、evenoclock am pm 8:15 a quarter past eighteight fifteen 9:30 half past ninenine thirty 9:45 a quarter to tennine forty-five 10:03 three(minutes)pasttenten ohthree 美用法基本相似,只是英国用 past 之处,美国通常用 after;英国用 to 之处,美国常用 fo。美 5:15 a quarter after fivefive fifteen 9:30 nine thirtyhalf past nine* 9:45 a quarte
42、r of tennine forty-five 9:55 five of tennine fifty-five 当用于军事命令和旅行时间表时,其读法如下: 07:00 (Oh)seven hundred hours=7:00am 09:15 (Oh) nine fifteen=9:15am 12:00 twelve hundred hours=middaynoon 13:45 thirteen forty-five-1:45pm 19:00 nineteen hundred hours:7:OOpm 23:05 twenty-three(Oh)five-11:05pm 24:00 twenty
43、-four hundred hours=midnight 24:10 twenty-fourtenten past midnight (6)电话号码、温度与门牌号的读法 A电话 号 码 读电话号码时,每个数字一一 读出,“o”英式读 d1ou;美式则读 zero(有时也读 nought)。英国人在 读两个相同数字时,通常读成 doublex 尤其是当这两个数处在同一组时(电话 号码由右向左每两位一组) 。例如: 3456638 读作:three four five,double six three eight 3074922 读作:three oh seven,four nine double
44、 two 而美式则读成:three zero seven,four nine two two 但如果相同的两个数不在同一组,则 可以有两种读法。例如: 62899033 即可读成 six two eight double nine oh double three,也可 读作 six two eight nine nine oh double three,但 99033 绝 不可读作 nine nine oh three three。相反,在遇到号 码中数字相同时,美式则一律重复念出该数字。但英式有一例外,英国的紧急电话 999 却总读成 nine,nine,nine。 B温度 表示温度有华氏(
45、Fahrenheit)和摄氏(Centigrade)两种。英美均使用 华氏作为温度的计量单位。摄氏用法现已日渐普及。 15读作:fifteen degrees Centigrade(或 Celsius) 32读作:thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit 0C 读作:nought degrees Centigrade -5C 读作:five degrees below zero C门牌号 门牌号遇三位数分别读出各数字,遇四位数 时则分成两半来读。例如: Room 302 读作:Room three O twothree zero two 3491 King Street 读作
46、:thirty-four ninety-one King Stred1)基数词的读法 我们先从基数词入手。首先掌握三位以内数字的读法,因为它是多位数字的基础,一旦熟练掌握,再借助一个逗号,便可轻松应付四位以上任何庞大的数字。我们可以通过例子来说明这一点。 35 位数的读法 202 读作:two hundred(and)two 234 读作:two hundred(and)thirty-four 1, 234 读作:one thousand two hundred(and)thirtyfour 但是在读法上须注意以下几点: a在英式英语中,一个数的最后两位(十位和个位) 得用“and,但美式英语
47、中则不用。如:3,077 读作:U.S:three thousand seventyseven b不定冠词“a”只在数的开头才和 hundred,thousand 等连用。试比较: 146 读作:ahundred(and)forty-six 2,146 读作:twothousand,one hundred(and)fortysix c.1,000 这个整数我们说 athousand,在 and 前我们也说 a thousand,但是在一个有百位数的数目前就得说 one thousand 试比较: 1,031 读作:a thousand ,(and)thirty-one, 1,150 读作:on
48、e thousand ,one hundred(and)fifty d.hundred,thousand 和 million 这几个词的单数可以和:“a”者“one”连用,但是不能单独使用。在非正式文体中“a”比较常见;当我们说话比较准确的时候就用“one”试比较: I Want to live for a hundred years The journey took exactly one hundred days e.我们常常说 eleven hundred(1,100),twelve hundred(1,200) 等,而不说 one thous and one hundred从 1,10
49、0 到 1,900之间的整数,这种说法最常见。 5 位以上数字的读法 11,234 读作:eleven thousand two hundred(and),thirtyfour 155,721 读作:one hundred(and)fifly-fivethous and seven hundred(and)twenty-one 6,155,702 读作:six million one hundred(and)fifly-five thous and seven hundred and two 26,000,008 读作:twenty-six million and eight 326,414,718 读作:three hundred(and)twenty-six mil-lion,four hundred(and)four teen thous and,seven hundred(and)eigh-teen 4,302,000,000 读作:four billion three hun