1、sales revenue 销售收入net income 净利润expense 费用operating margin 营业毛利accounting concepts 会计概念investor 投资者creditor 债权人to keep accounting records 记账financial statements 财务报表sales volume 销售量return on investment 投资报酬to manage a business 管理一个企业financial accounting 财务会计management accounting 管理会计tax accounting 税
2、务 会计financial resources 财务资源obligations 债务economic entity 经济实体financial position 财务状况results of operation 经营成果 assets 资产inventory 存货owners interest 所有者权益general-purpose accounting information 通用会计信息management 管理，管理层（管理当局）bank account 银行账户merchandise 商品warehouse 仓库tax planning 纳税筹划accounting system 会
3、计制度cash register 现金出纳机checkbook 支票簿profitability 获利能力resource allocation 资源配置cash flows 现金流量capital allocation 资本配置taxable income 应税所得income tax return 所得税申报单cost-effective 符合成本效益原则的computer-based accounting system 计算机会计系统manual accounting system 手工会计系统CPA firm 会计师事务所internal control 内部控制Sarbanes-Ox
4、ley Act(SOX) 萨班斯法案trade association 同业公会labor unions 工会general public 普通公众public company 公众持股公司；上市公司cash flow prospects 现金流量预测return of investment 投资收回interim financial statements 中期财务报表balance sheet 资产负债表income statement 利润表statement of cash flows 现金流量表board of directors 董事会chief executive officer(
5、CEO) 首席执行官Chief financial officer(CFO) 财务总监vice-president 副总裁line supervisor 生产线主管human resources 人力资源timeliness 及时性integrity/fairness 公允generally accepted accounting principles(GAAP) 公认会计原则financial accounting standard 财务会计准则relevance 相关性reliability 可靠性elements of financial statements 会计报表要素to prep
6、are financial statements 编制财务报表audit 审计certified public accountant(CPA) 注册会计师management accountant 管理(企业) 会计师internal auditor 内部审计师objectivity 客观性due care 应有的谨慎（关注）confidentiality 保密public accouning 公共会计sole practitioners （职业人员）单独开业者controller 会计长financial forecasting/budget 财务预算cost accounting 成本会计
7、internal auditing 内部审计bookkeeping 簿记interest 利息notes 报表附注shareholde 股东personal competence 个人胜任能力judgment 判断ethical behavior 道德行为chapter 2to sell merchandise on credit 赊销to meet payment obligations 履行还款义务dividends 股利 corporation 公司sole proprietorship 独资企业partnership 合伙企业positive cash flows 现金流入(正现金流)
8、negative cash flows 现金流出(负现金流)owners equity 所有者权益notes receivable 应收票据accounts receivable 应收帐款supplies 耗用品存货notes payable 应付票据accounts payable 应付帐款salaries payable 应付工资Capital 股本retained earnings 留存收益the entity principle 会计主体原则business entity 企业主体collection of a receivable 一笔应收帐款收现amounts due from c
9、ustomer 应收客户款bonds 债券patent rights 专利权current value 现值 the cost principle 历史成本原则net realizable value 可实现净值the going-concern assumption 持续经营假设the objectivity principle 客观性原则the stable-dollar assumption 币值稳定假设inflation 通货膨胀deflation 通货紧缩current appraised value 现行评估价值replacement cost 重置成本to purchase me
10、rchandise on account 赊购商品to finance expansion 为扩张筹资accrued expenses 应计费用accounting equation 会计等式net loss 净亏损limited liability 有限责任transferability of ownership 所有权可转让liquidity 流动性due date of major liabilities 大额负债的到期日auditors report 审计报告adequate disclosure 充分披露subsequent event 期后事项financial statement
11、 date 报表日annual financial statements 年度财务报表window dressing 粉饰Chapter 31 accounting cycle 会计循环2 to journalize transactions 在日记帐中登记交易3 post 过帐4 journal entry 日记帐分录5 ledger account 分类帐帐户6 trial balance 试算平衡表7 end-of-period adjustment 期末调整 8 adjusted trial balance 调整后试算平衡表9 closing entry 结帐分录10 after-cl
12、osing trial balance 结帐后试算平衡表11 accountability 报告责任12 account 帐户 13 ledger 分类帐14 debit side 借方15 credit side 贷方16 debit 借记17 credit 贷记18 balance 余额19 debit balance 借方余额20 credit balance 贷方余额21 double-entry accounting 复式记帐会计22 journal 日记帐23 general journal 普通日记帐24 general ledger 总分类帐25 running balance
13、 即时余额26 depreciation 折旧27 the time period principle 会计期间原则28 fiscal year 财政年度 .29 the realization principle (收入)实现原则30 the matching principle 配比原则31 conservatism 谨慎32 accrual basis accounting 权责发生制会计33 cash basis accounting 现金制会计Chapter 41 adjusting entries 调整分录2 accrued expense 应计（未付）费用 3 unexpired
14、 insurance 未到期保险4 accumulated depreciation 累计折旧5 contra-asset account 资产抵消帐户6 prepaid expense 预付费用7 insurance policy 保险单8 depreciation 折旧9 depreciable expense 折旧费用10 depreciable assets 应折旧资产11 book value/carrying value 帐面价值12 straight-line method of depreciation 直线折旧法13 unearned revenue 未实现收入(预收收入)14 deferred revenue 递延收入(预收收入)15 materiality 重要性16 immaterial 不重要的Chapter 51 statement of retained earnings 留存收益表2 current asset 流动资产3 current liability 流动负债4 temporary accounts 临时性账户5 income summary 损益汇总 6 worksheet 工作底稿
