1、英语新闻词汇特色(7),一般而言,英语句子中的前置定语多为单词,但是,在英语新闻报道中,记者往往不拘泥于这种传统的语言现象,而是酌情灵活地使用复合定语,即同时皮用两个或多个单词甚至一句句子来修饰某个句子。例如:Instead of an all-out strike,the workers will stage a go-slow 工人们没有举行全面罢工,而是采取消极怠工的策略。Thirty-five foreign ministers from the“group of 77” developing nations will be present and other member-count
2、ries are expected to be represented by high-level non-ministerial delegations at the two-day meeting. 77国集团中有35名外长将出席这次为期两天的会议,而其余的国家则将派出非部长级别的高级代表团到会。,The Queen,wearing hat,scarf and gloves in partial compliance with Islamic strictures on feminine dress became the first woman ruler received in this
3、 oil-rich Middle East state 女王戴着帽子和手套,系着围巾,这在一定程度上符合了伊斯兰教对妇女装束的规定。她是这个盛产石油的中东国家 所接待的第一位女性国家元首。以上列举的这类由连字号连接的复合定语一目了然,避免了使用短语或从句,既简化了句于的结构,节省了篇幅,便于记者赶稿,又帮助读者加快了阅读速度。此外,这类复合定语同中文的定语颇为相似,故对中国读者来说,比较容易接受。从构成方式分析,这类复合定语形式多样,常见的主要有十余种,现分别列举几则实例,以资佐证:,1)名词+现在分词。如:cancer-causing drug 制癌药物oil-producing count
4、ry 产油国peace-keeping force 维和部队policy-making body 决策机构,2)形容词+现在分词。如:far-reaching significance 深远意义high-ranking official 高级官员long-standing issue 由来己久的问题wide-spreading AIDS 到处蔓延的艾滋病,3)名词+过去分词。如:blood-cemented friendship 鲜血凝成的友谊export-oriented economy 外向型经济poverty-stricken area 贫困地区wasp-waisted road 蜂腰路
5、段,4)形容词+过去分词。如: deep-rooted social problems 根深蒂固的社会问题foreign-owned enterprise 外资企业long-faced job loser 愁眉苦脸的失业者quick-frozen food 速冻食品,5)副词+过去分词。如: dimly-lit room 光线昏暗的房间highly-sophisticated technology 尖端技术richly-paid job 薪水丰厚的工作well-informed source 消息灵通人士,6)名词+形容词。如: inflation-proof deposit 保值储息inte
6、rest-free loan 无息贷款labor-intensive enterprise 劳动力密集型企业vehicle-free promenade 步行街,7)名词+名词。如: arms-reduction talks 裁军谈判labor-management conflict 劳资冲突supply-demand imbalance 供求失调year-end report 年终报告,8)形容词+名词。如: fair-trade agreement 互惠贸易协定long-range nuclear missile 远程核导弹long-term,low-interest loan 长期低息贷
7、款top-level talk 最高级会谈,9)数词+名词。如: 100-metre dash 百米赛跑one-man government 独裁政府one-way street 单向道21-gun salute 21响礼炮,10)名词+to+名词。如:dusk-to-dawn curfew 彻夜宵禁face-to-face talk 会晤;面晤ground-to-air missile 地对空导弹hand-to-mouth pay 温饱工资,11)综合性词组或短语。如:touch-and-go affair 一触即发的局势 good-to-excellent care 无微不至的关怀 mid
8、dle-of-the-road policy 中立政策 on-the-job training 在职培训;岗位培训 On-the-spot interview 现场采访 One-country-two-system policy 一国两制的政策 be-kind-to-animal campaign 保护动物运动,see-while-you-talk phone 可视电话此外,美国报刊中的一些特有表达方式,对我们来说也比较生疏,如称“长途旅行”为 “odyssey”,“合作共事者”为“team player”, “总的情况”为“broad picture”,等等。类似的词汇现象都有待于我们在具体阅读实践中结合上下文加以 细细琢磨和推敲。这样,久而 久之,就能灵活掌握大量有用的词汇与词组,从而形成英语 的语感。,THANK YOU!,