1、Lesson 17单词学习appear pi vi1) come into view, become visible 出现，显现，呈现appeardisppeareg. A ship appeared on the horizon. 一艘船出现在水平线上。eg. Something strange appeared. 奇怪的事发生了。2) arrive, come, show up, turn up 来到eg. I waited for 4 hours but she didnt appear. 我等了四个小时，可她就是没来。3) （公开，正式）露面，登场，扮演eg. The lady app
2、eared on the stage as a young girl. 这位女士扮演一名小姑娘。appear on the stage 扮演eg. He appeared on the stage when he was only 3. 他才 3 岁时，就登台扮演。His first appearance on the stage was at the age of three.eg. She is at least 50 years old. But she always appears on the stage as a young girl.她至少 50 岁，但她总是扮演年轻的姑娘。ap
3、pearance pirns n. 出现, 显露, 露面；外观 , 外貌, 外表 disappearancekeep up appearance 维持体面，装门面eg. Never judge a man by his appearance. 不要以貌取人。to all appearances / by all appearances / from all appearances 显然，就外表来看stage n. 舞台on the stage 在舞台上quit the stage 推出演艺界in the international stage 在国际舞台上scene 舞台上的场景，背景eg.
4、The first scene of the play is in the palace. 这部戏的第一个场景是在宫殿里。arena ri:n n.表演场地, 竞技场；活动或斗争的场所或场面the political arena 政治舞台，政界竞争活动或斗争的场所、场面（喻）in the political stage / in the political scene / in the political arena 在政治舞台上in the international stage / in the international scene / in the international aren
5、a 在国际舞台上eg. She dreamed of appearing on the stage one day. 她梦想着有一天能在舞台上表演。bright adj.1) 明亮的darkbright sunshine 灿烂的阳光bright eyes 明亮的眼睛2) 鲜艳的，醒目的bright blue 宝蓝色bright green 翠绿色3) quick at learning; clever聪明的dull, stupid, foolisheg. She is the brightest child in our class. 她是我们班最聪明的孩子。4) promising, hop
6、eful 有前途的a bright future 光明的前途5) 相关短语bright and early 大清早look on the bright side of things / look at the bright side of things 对事物持乐观态度sock n. 短袜 (short stocking)a pair of socks 一双短袜put a sock in it / be quiet / stop talking or making a noise 安静下来，不再讲话，不再弄出声响stocking n. 长筒袜（膝盖以下）a pair of stockingse
7、g. Men wear socks, not stockings. 男士穿短袜，而不是长袜。blue stocking 才女，女学究，卖弄学问的女子stock n. 库存货，存货，股份in stock 有现货out of stock 缺货the stock exchange 证券交易所课文讲解actress n. 女演员actor 男演员waiter 男服务生waitress 女服务生-ess 表阴性hostess 女主人host 男主人prince 王子princess prinses prinses n.公主; 王妃must be 表示有把握的判断eg. You have worked a
8、ll day. You must be tired. 你已经工作一整天，一定累了。eg. Youve just had lunch. You cant be hungry now. 你刚刚吃罢午饭，你现在一定不饿。eg. You must be Tina. Ive seen your picture. 你一定是蒂娜，我见过你的照片。at least 至少at most 至多little less leastmany/much more mostleast adv. 最少，最小eg. He disliked many of his teachers and Miss Smith he liked
9、 least.他的老师中有许多他不喜欢，其中史密斯小姐是他最不喜欢的。at least 3 months 至少 3 个月at least 8 至少 8 英镑at most; at the most / not more than 至多，顶多eg. There were at most 350 seats in the classroom. 教室里至多有 350 个座位。as 的含义1) because 因为eg. I cannot come as I am busy. 我来不了，因为我很忙。2) at the time when 当时候eg. As I was leaving the hous
10、e, the postman brought a letter.我正要离开房子时，邮递员带来一封信。3) the thing that 依照；像一样eg. Do as you are told. 按照告之你的那样去做。4) in the position of 担任，作为eg. He works as an engineer. 他是个工程师。appear on the stage as a young girl .在舞台上扮演年轻姑娘/ play the part of a young girl on the stage/play the role of a young girl on the
11、 stage/act the part of a young girl on the stage/act the role of a young girl on the stagein spite of prep. despite 不管，尽管eg. In spite of the rain, they went out.尽管下着雨，他们还是出去了。eg. He failed in spite of all his efforts. 尽管他尽了一切努力，但还是失败了。eg. In spite of her age, she appeared on the stage as a young gir
12、l.尽管她年龄不小了，但她在舞台上还是扮演小女孩。take part in join in 参加a girl of seventeen 介词短语后置修饰名词a man of handsome appearance 一个外表英俊的男子a coat of bright color 一件色彩鲜艳的外套a vase of value 一只具有价值的花瓶in 表穿着eg. He is in black. 他穿着黑色衣服。eg. She is in jeans. 她穿着牛仔裤。wear-wore-wornvt. 穿戴，佩戴wear a beard 留着络腮胡子wear a coat 穿着外套wear a
13、hat 戴着帽子wear a ring 戴着戒指wear a watch 戴着手表wear a necklace 戴着项链wear long hair 留着长发wear sunglasses 戴着太阳镜wear gloves 戴着手套n. 穿戴的衣物sports wear 运动服装mens wear 男装underwear 内衣summer-wear 夏装eg. Dont show your underwear in the sun.家丑不可外扬wear out 筋疲力尽eg. Im worn out by the hard work. 我被繁重的工作折磨得筋疲力尽。wear away 磨平，
14、使 磨平eg. The inscription has worn away. 这个碑文已经磨平了。orange-colored adj.+ n. + ednoble-minded 思想崇高的good-tempered 好脾气的adj.+ 现在分词good-looking 好看的fine-sounding 听起来不错的adj.+ n.large-scale 大规模的 ,大比例尺的,大范围的high-class 高级的 ,一流的terrible adj. 可怕的, 恐怖的; 令人震惊的, 极其令人讨厌的；剧烈的, 严酷的, 严重的fearful adj. 惧怕的, 担心的；可怕的 , 吓人的；口极
15、端的a fearful railway accident 可怕的火车意外事故frightful adj. 吓人的,令人惊恐的 ;令人不快的,可怕的a frightful accident 令人恐怖的事故a terrible war 一场可怕的战争a terrible accident 可怕的事故a terrible murder 可怕的谋杀eg. It must be terrible to be grown up. 长大成人可真是可怕呀。eg. What a terrible day! 天气有糟糕啊！eg. Im terrible sorry. 我非常抱歉。terrifying adj. 令
16、人恐惧的，令人害怕的horrible adj. 可怕的，令人恐惧的a horrible crimea horrible nightmare 令人恐怖的梦魇a horrible deathdreadful adj. 使人产生极大恐惧或痛苦的，使人震惊的a dreadful accidenta dreadful diseasea dreadful nightmaregrow v. 生长eg. Children grow quickly. 孩子们生长得快。eg. The grass has grown very high. 草长得很高。grow up 指人或动物长大，成年，成熟eg. Some pe
17、ople never grow up. 有些人永远长不大/不成熟。(grow up-mature in mind)grown (up) adj. 长大的， 成年的，成熟的a grown man 一个成年人eg. What do you want to be when you are grown up? 当你长大成人时，你想干什么？eg. Try to behave in a grown up way. 尽量表现得成熟一些。Special Difficultiesas 当 时候；因为；像 一样grow 和 grow updress suit costumedress 表示衣服，尤其指外衣、连衣裙
18、eg. My sister bought a new dress yesterday.我妹妹昨天买了一件新的连衣裙。suit 表一套衣服，尤其指套装a business suit 西服eg. My brother never wears ready-made suit. 我弟弟从来不穿成衣。costume 指服装，某个时期，某种场合中穿的衣服eg. All the actors wore fifteenth-century costume. 所有演员都穿着 15 世纪的服装。Exercise A:1) He works as a pilot. 他是一名飞行员。in the position o
19、f2) You mustnt shout so loudly as youll wake up the baby.你千万不要大声喊叫，因为你会吵醒孩子。because3) As we were listening to the radio, someone knocked at the door.当我们在听收音机的时候，有人敲门。At the time whenExercise B: 选择正确的词填空1) Trees take a long time to grow.grow/grow up2) My father bought a new suit recentlysuit/costume3
20、) She hired a costume for the fancy-dress party.costume/suit4) Do you like my sisters new dress?dress/costume lesson 18单词学习pub （口语）大众酒吧，酒馆go round to the pub for a drink 去酒吧喝酒pub-crawl 在数家酒馆连续喝酒public house 酒馆bar 酒吧wineshop 酒店inn 客栈，小旅馆stay at an inn/put up at an inn 住客栈landlord 主人，老板， 房东（旅馆，家庭，公寓）l
21、andlady 女房东，女主人n. +n.合成 n.silk+worm silkworm 蚕blood+test blood-test 验血adj.+n. n.double-dealer 两面派shorthand 速记v.+n. n.pickpocket 扒手breakwater 防波堤n.+v-ing n.handwriting 书法sun-bathing 日光浴v.+adv. n.get-together 联欢会break-through 突破adv.+n. n.downfall 垮台outbreak 爆发lordas drunk as a lord 酩酊大醉eg. Lord! 天啊！哎呀
22、！哎哟！lord n. 贵族，勋爵duke dju:k 公爵marquis m:kws, m:ki: 侯爵earl :l 伯爵viscount va,kant 子爵baron brn 男爵sir 爵士ladyeg. Lady first. 女士优先。Ladies and gentlemen 先生们，女士们 （称呼套话）Ladies 女厕所bill1) n. 账单，纸币 (note)pay the bill/settle the bill 付账eg. Its wrong to leave a hotel without paying all your bills. 没有付账离开旅馆是不对的。eg
23、. Bill, please! 买单！2) n. 招贴，广告，海报a movie bill 电影海报eg. No bills! 禁止张贴！fit the bill/fill the bill 合乎要求head the bill/top the bill 领衔主演，挂头牌课文讲解look for 寻找（过程）eg. I am looking for my bag.look for a job 找工作find 找到（结果，不能用进行时态）eg. I found my brooch under the sofa.我是在沙发下面找到胸针的。find out 发现，找出，搜出（结果）eg. You sh
24、ould find out (the answer) for yourself. 你应该自己找出答案来。find 发现（有偶然之意）eg. When he woke up, he found himself in hospital. 当他醒来时，发现自己躺在医院里。leave-left-left1) v. 把（人/物）留下，遗留，丢下eg. My I leave my shoes here? 我能把鞋放在这儿吗？2) v. 听任 ，使 处于某种状态leave sth + adj.eg. Dont leave the door open. 别把门开着。eg. Better leave it un
25、said. 话还是不讲出来的好。eg. Leave them as they are. 让它们保持原样。3) v. 离开leave some place 离开某个地方leave for some place 离开去某地eg. Leave England for a tour of the world. 离开英国去环球旅游。4) on leave 休假中beside 在旁边eg. Come and sit beside me. 过来坐到我旁边。besides 除 之外，还有eg. Besides this photograph, I have a number of others.除了这张照片外
26、，我还有很多其它的照片。be beside oneself （乐极）忘形，发狂beside the point 离题as 当 时候1) 随着（表示事态及状况的变化和进展）eg. As she grew older, she became more pessimistic ,pesimistik. 随着年龄的增长，她变得愈加悲观。2) 多用于引导“在某行为的发展过程中间发生某事”即“继续中的行为”，所以多与过去进行时连用。eg, As I was walking down the street , an American asked me for directions to the neares
27、t station.当我正沿着马路散步时，一位美国人向我询问去最近车站的路怎么走。while1) 描述两件事情同时进行时，多用 while 以表示“一面一面 ”。eg. While he was taking bath, he sang songs. 他一边洗澡一边唱歌。2) while 所引导的从句中主语与主句主语相同，且从句为进行时态时，从句的主语有时被省略。eg. He took a bath while I was preparing dinner. 我在做饭时，他在洗澡。eg. He watched TV while (he was) eating. 他在吃饭时看电视。when1)
28、当 时候eg. Come to me when you like.当你愿意时到我这儿来。eg. I first met him the day when I arrived here.我到这儿的那天第一次碰见他。2) 每逢 时候eg. When (you are) in trouble, visit this man. 每当你有麻烦的时候，就找这个人。3) 倘若eg. He will likely recover when he undergoes the operations.一旦他经历手术治疗的话，很可能康复。come in/enter 进入immediately / at once /
29、right away /straight away 立刻，马上give it back to me / return it to megive1) give sth back 返还eg. He returned with my bag and gave it back to me.2) give in (hand in) 上交eg. Give in your exercise books to me. 把练习册交给我。3) give in (surrender) 投降eg. He cant continue fighting. He will soon give in. 他不能继续战斗了，很快
30、就会投降。4) give away 赠送eg. I give my collection of stamps to the little boy. 我把收集的邮票送给那个小男孩了。5) give up 放弃eg. I have given up smoking. 我已经戒烟了。6) give oneself up (surrender) 投降eg. Three of our officers gave themselves up to the enemy. 我们的三位军官向敌人投降了。take 带走（把某人/物带到某地）take sb/sth into a placetake sb/sth t
31、o a placebring 带来（为某人带去某物）bring sth to sbbring sb sthfetch “去拿（某物）来”的动作（去取）eg. Ill fetch a glass. 我去取个杯子。Special DifficultiesA. 用适当的词填空：1. Will the person who took my ruler please give it back to me.2. When my children grew up, I gave all their toys away.3. When do we have to give in our composition
32、s?4. We were losing the battle but we did not give in.B.用 beside 或 besides 填空：1. Besides football he plays tennis.2. Can you see that boy standing beside the tree.Lesson 19 单词学习hurry n./ v. 匆忙，急忙作名词-in a hurry (in such a hurry): quickly, hastily, hurriedly 匆忙地，迅速地eg. We went to the station in a hurr
33、y. 我们匆忙赶到车站。作动词-hurried-hurried 匆忙，迅速或仓促地做某事eg. Dont hurry, there is plenty of time. 不要着急，我们有大量时间。eg. I hurried to the ticket office.我匆忙地赶到售票处。eg. I hurried to school. 我匆忙地赶到学校。eg. We are late, I must hurry you. 我们已经迟到，我必须催促你。hurry up! 快点（口）- be quickeg. Hurry up! The bus is coming.快点！公交车就要来了。eg. Hu
34、rry up! Supper is ready. 快点！晚饭已经准备好了。hurried adj. 匆忙的，仓促完成的a hurried meal 匆匆忙忙的一顿饭a hurried wedding 仓促的婚礼hurriedly adv. - in a hurryticket office- booking office 火车站的、戏院等地方的售票处box office 戏院、剧院的售票处（专指）a box office success 卖座的，买得好的box n.1) 盒子，箱子2) 分隔的或围成的区域（戏院的包厢）3) 小亭子，岗亭the telephone box 电话亭4) the b
35、ox 电视（俚）boxer 拳击手boxing 拳击运动Boxing day 圣诞馈赠日在英国，圣诞节的次日，若是星期日，则顺延一日，惯例在此时赠送雇员，邮差等礼物。pity piti n.1) 同情。怜悯 Ube full of pity for sb / be filled with pity for sb多某人充满同情，十分同情某人feel pity for sb 对同情eg. He felt pity for the jobless man.他对这个没有工作的人表示同情。cry from pity 同情的泪水2) 遗憾的事 Ceg. What a pity that we cant g
36、et the tickets for the performance of the Green Wood boys.多遗憾啊！我们没能得到绿林少年演出的票。eg. What a pity! / What a shame! 多遗憾啊！eg. It is a pity. 这是一个遗憾。eg. It is a thousand pities. 非常遗憾。exclaim ikskleim v.cry out suddenly and loudly from pain, anger, surprise, etc. 因疼痛、愤怒、惊奇等尖叫、呼喊eg. “What?”, he exclaimed, “Ar
37、e you leaving without me?”.“什么？”他大声说， “你要把我丢下吗？”eg. “What a pity”, She exclaimed.她大声说：“多遗憾呵”。exlaim in astonishment 惊叫exlaim in delight 高兴地大叫shout 呼喊，大声说话，吼叫shout out 吼出声来eg. Dont shout at me. I can hear you all right. 别大声对我喊，我能听清你的话shout for joy / shout with joy 大声欢呼shout oneself hoarse h:s 把嗓子喊哑sc
38、ream 发出尖叫，惨叫。惊叫eg. She screamed in a fright. 她恐怖地大声尖叫。return v. 归还，退还，返回sadly adv. 悲哀地，丧气地sad adj. 悲哀的，忧愁的，难过的 (-dder, -ddest )a sad look 一个悲哀的表情a sad story 一个悲惨的故事a sad event 一件悲哀的事情eg. John is sad because his dog has been dead.约翰很悲伤，因为他的狗死了。eg. I am very sad to hear the news. 获悉这个消息，我很悲痛。sadly adv
39、. 悲哀地，丧气地sadly-in a sad mannereg. She looked at him sadly, and said sadly, “I am leaving you”.她难过地看着他，然后忧伤地说：“我要走了”。sadness n. 悲哀，悲伤 U课文讲解at any momentat any time 随时at this momentnow 此时此刻at that momentthen 那时may begin 一种可能性的判断must + 原形：指比较肯定的判断eg. You must be Tina. Ive seen your picture. 你一定是蒂娜，我见过你
40、的照片。cannot + 原形：指否定性的判断eg. You cant be Tina. She has been abroad. 你不可能是蒂娜，她已经出国了。may + 原形：指可能性的判断eg. She may be Tina, but Im not sure. 她可能是蒂娜，但我确定不了。may have done 对发生完的事情一种可能性判断must have done 对发生完的事情一种肯定性判断cant have done 对发生的事情一种否定性判断eg. I cant find my bag. It must have been stolen. 我找不到包，一定是被偷了。eg.
41、 Jane walked past me without speaking. She cant have seen me.简从我身旁走过没说话，她一定是没有看见我。eg. The bag may have been stolen. 书包可能是被偷了。May I have two tickets please? May I buy two tickets please?sellsoldsold buyboughtbought1) sell out 售完sell out of sth 卖光eg. Weve sold out of all the ticksts. / All the tickets
42、 have been sold out.eg. The play has sold out. / There are no tickets left. 这部戏的票都已卖完了.2) be sold out of sth 卖光存货、票等be sold out 售光eg. We are sold out of Sunday newspaper, Sir. 先生，星期天的报纸已经卖完了。3) sell well 畅销sell badly 滞销eg. The tickets for the play sold well.这部戏的票卖座。eg. The tickets for the play sold
43、badly. 这部戏的票不卖座。4) sell for + 价格 以价格出售sell at + 价格 以价格卖出eg. The antique vase will sell for 5000 dollars at least. 这件古花瓶至少要卖 5000 美元。eg. Cabbage is selling at a high price this year. 今年洋白菜的价格很高。5) seller 售货人 buyer 买方a good seller 畅销的商品a bad seller 滞销的商品a best seller 畅销品6) sale n.for sale 待售a house fo
44、r sale 待售的房子not for sale 非卖品on sale 出售，上市；廉价，特价 (Am.)eg. They sell eggs on sale that day. 那天鸡蛋特价销售。salesman 男外卖员， （男）推销员an insurance salesman 保险推销员saleswoman 女店员， （美）女推销员Im sorry. / I am sorry.Weve sold out. / We have sold out.eg. Whenll I see you? / When will I see you?eg. Ill not stay a moment lon
45、ger. / I shall not stay a moment longer.just then / just at the momentnext Wednesdays performancetodays newspapermay as wellmay as well / might as well + do：意思是“还是好，不妨”，较勉强，不是非常乐意，不得不选一个。eg. Do you think youll pass the exam? 你认为你会通过考试吗？Ill never pass. I might as well give up. 决不会，我还是放弃的好。eg. Do you
46、want to come to the cinema with me? 你想和我一起去看电影吗？I havent got anything to do, so I may as well come with you.我反正没事可做，还是同你一起去吧。Special Difficulties1. There are not many people here.There arent many people here.2. She did not tell me she had not seen you.She didnt tell me she hadnt seen you.3.I shall n
47、ot stay a moment longer.I shant stay a moment longer.4. Hes in the living room. Hes just come home.He is in the living room. Hes just come home.5. I cannot understand why he hasnt arrived.I cant understand why he has not arrived.6. That mans been in prison.That man has been in prison.Lesson 20单词学习ca
48、tch (caught, caught) vt. 抓到catch fish 钓鱼，捕鱼catch a thief 抓住小偷catch the bus 赶公交车 miss the bus 错过公交车catch ones attention 吸引某人注意力/draw ones attention/attract ones attention/catch ones eyes/draw ones eyes/attract ones eyescatch fire 着火（强调转变过程）be on fire 正在燃烧 （强调状态）catch a cold 患感冒（强调转变过程）have a cold 正患感
49、冒 （强调状态）catch sb doing sth 抓住正在做某事的人eg. The little boy was caught stealing apples from the garden.那个小男孩正在园子里偷苹果被抓住。eg. The early bird catches the worm. 捷足先登。grab 抓起，抢夺，热切或拼命地抓snatch 抢夺，突然而迅速地抓起arrest （依法）逮捕capture 俘虏，捕获trap 设陷阱捕捉grasp 紧握，抓住seize si:z 握紧，抓住catch it 被责骂，受处罚（口） （通常与 will 等连用）eg. If I come home late, Ill cat
