1、数词的用法讲解及练习一、概述表示数目与顺序的词，叫做数词（numeral ）。数词有两种：基数词和序数词。二、基数词1、最基本的基数词2、其它基数词（1）21-99 先“几十”再” 几” ，中间加连字符。21 twenty-one 25 twenty-five 99 ninety-nine（2）100 及 100 以上的基数词100 及 100 以上的基数词，以末位向前推（每三位一节），依次须用到 hundred, thousand, million, billion 等。（3）基数词的读法三位数的读法:第一个数字+hundred+ and+后面的一位或两位数字101 one hundred
2、and one 450 four hundred(and)fifty 1，000 以上的数的读法 :先从后向前数，每三位数加一个逗号，第一个逗号前的数字用 thousand(千)，第二个逗号前的数字用 million(百万 )，用 “几十 thousand”表示 “几万”，以 “几百 thousand”表示 “几十万”，用 “几十 million”表示 “几千万”，用”几百 million”表示 “几亿”。百位与十位（或个位）之间用 and（偶尔可不用）5，643 865，432 6，000，000 60，000，005 3、基数词的用法（2）事物编号一般用基数词第 209 房间 Room 2
3、09 第三部分 section 3/part 3南京路 308 号 308 Nanjing Road 电话号码 398688 TEL 369868（4）hundred，thousand，million 的用法当前面有数词以及 many，several 等词修饰时，这三个词用单数形式，后面直接跟复数名词。Two hundred old people died of cold last winter. 去年冬天 200 名老人被冻死。当这几个词前面没有数词而后面有 of 时，则一定要用复数形式，表示数百、 数千等笼统的数目概念。hundreds of dollars 数百美元（5）score(二十
4、)，dozen ( 打；十二个) 的用法dozen当 dozen 与基数词或 many, several 等连用时，不加“-s” ，所修饰的名词前常省去 of。但是，在 a dozen of these people, two dozen of them 等短语中应加 of。这是因为习惯上在 these, those, us 等词前，应该用 dozen of 的缘故。two dozen books 两打书 two (many, several)dozen pencils 两打（几打）铅笔scorescore 意为“二十 ”。two score of people 中应加 of，但 three
5、score and ten people，“70 人”中不加 of。scores of people 意为“许多人 ”。上述这两个词的复数形式与 of 连用时，表示不确切的数量，意为“许多，大量的 ”。for dozens of years 好几十年以来 scores of years ago 许多年前三、序数词1、最基本的序数词（1）序数词 1-19 除第一（first），第二（second）,第三（ third）有特殊形式外，其余均由-th 结尾即基数词+th 构成，其中有几个序数词加-th 时拼法不规则，分别是 fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth，需多加注意。（2
6、）十位整数的序数词十位整数的序数词的构成方法是将相应的基数的词尾-ty 中的 y 变为 i，然后再加-eth,如 forty-fortieth.（3）第“几十几” 基数词“ 几十几 ”变成序数词时，仅将个位变成序数词。twenty-two twenty-second（4）序数词的缩写形式序数词的缩写形式由阿拉伯数字加上序数词的最后两个字母构成。first1st second2nd third3rd forth4th twenty-first21st ninety-fifth95th 2、序数词的用法（2）序数词前不用定冠词的情况表示顺序的语气很弱，具有“又一”、“再一” 的意思时，其前要用不定
7、冠词，不用定冠词。Ill have to do it a second time.我只得再做一次。序数词前有指示代词、物主代词、名词所有格或 every 时，不用定冠词。Berlin in 1929 held a public celebration on Einsteins fiftieth birthday.柏林在一九二九年爱因斯坦第五十岁生日时举办了一个公开庆祝会。在表示分数的序数词前不用定冠词。From then on he toured three-fourths of Beijing.从那以后他逛了四分之三的北京城。数词与名词构成复合名词时，不用定冠词。There is a fir
8、st-class hotel over there.那边有一个一流的宾馆。3、数词的复数形式基数词和序数词一般都以单数形式出现，但在下面几种情况下却要用复数：（1）表示几十岁时“二十多岁”说 twenties，表示的是 20 岁到 29 岁。依次类推，thirties 表示“三十几岁”，forties 表示“四十几岁”，但“十几岁”不可说 tens，而要说 teens，指 13 岁至 19 岁。The hero of the story is an artist in his thirties.故事的主人翁是一位三十多岁的艺术家。（2）表示几十年代时“二十世纪八十年代” 写成 1980s 或
9、1980s，均读作 nineteen eighties，指的是 1980 至 1989 年这十年间，需注意的是，年代用代字表示时则不可用-s 形式。History has entered the eighties.历史进入到八十年代。（3）表示不确定数目时这时要在 million，thousand，hundred 等词后加上-s 并与 of 连用，表示大约多至“数以计”，但 millions of等前不能再加基数词，却可加 some，several 等表示不确定数目的修饰语。Millions of other stars are even bigger and brighter than th
10、e sun.数以百万计的星球甚至比太阳还大还亮。（4）在分数中当基数词(表示分子)大于 one 时，序数词(表示分母)要用复数，两者之间用不用连字符号均可。Two thirds of the teachers in our school are women.我们学校三分之二的老师是女的。（5）当基数词用作可数名词或用于某些固定词组中时，也要用复数。How many sevens are there in forty-nine?49 是由几个七组成？Wait a minute. Ill be finished in two twos.请等一下，我马上就来。1、分数（1）分数的构成法分子用基数词，
11、分母用序数词；分子大于”1”时，分母加 ”s”（即序数词应变为复数）。 1/3 one-third 1/4 one-fourth 2/5 two-fifths另外还有下列构成法：1/2 a (one)half 1/4 a quarter 3/4 three quarters one and a half巧记分数：分子基数词，分母序数词，分子大于“1”，分母加 “-s”。带分数莫着急，前加整数就可以。分母若是“2”和“4”，half 、quarter 可代替。（2）分数的功能（3）作主语是谓语动词的数表示几分之几 (或百分之几 )的人或物时，须在分数 (或百分数)和人或物间加 of。若充当主语，
12、谓语动词的数须与 of 后的名词的数保持一致。Sixty percent of her income was spent on clothes.她收入的 60%花在了服装上。但当表示人口的几分之几 (或百分之几 )作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。3.百分数（1）百分数的表示百分数由基数词加 percent 表示。 5% five percent 25% 25percent(2)百分数的功能在句子中可做主语、宾格、表语、定、状语等。作状语时，常与 by 连用。More than 70 percent of the surface of the earth is covered by water.
13、百分之七十多的地球表面被水覆盖着。五、基数词、序数词的其他应用。1、年、月、日表达法（1）年代表达法年代用基数词表示，时间前用介词 in。221BC two hundred and twenty-one BC/two twenty-one BC.注意：年代后不用 year，但可放在数词前in the year 1979 一九七九年 the twenties,20s 二十年代 in ones twenties 某人二十多岁（2）月份表达法月份前用 in，月份名称第一个字母须大写。in January(in Jan.) in May.in September (in Sept.) in Decem
14、ber(in Dec.)（3）日期表达法用序数词表示，前面加 the，在某日前用介词 on。on the first 在一日 on the thirtieth 在三十日（4）某年某月某日表达法in October,1949 一九四九年七月 on October 1,1949 一九四九年七月一日May 1(st)(May the first)五月一日 Mar.5(th)(March the fifth)三月五日2、时刻表达法时刻用基数词表示。时间巧说：数字说法时后分，quarter,half 不可用。如果出现 past,to，分钟在前记心中。past 过，差几分 to，分钟小于三十分。 （1）表
15、示“几点钟”用“整点数+oclock(可省略)”。8：00 eight(oclock) 12：00 twelve(oclock)（2）表示“几点过几分” 在半小时之内表示“几点过几分” ，而分钟数又在半小时之内（包括半小时）可用”分钟数+past/after( 美)+钟点数”。8：15 a quarter past/after eight8：20 twenty past eight8：30 half past eight（3）表示”差几分几点” ，而且不超过半小时表示“差几分几点” ，而且不超过半小时，可用” 分钟数+to/of(美)+钟点数”。10：45 a quarter to /of e
16、leven11：55 five to /of twelve注意：表示在某时用介词 at，任何时刻均可直接按数字顺序读，8：05 eight five 等。We begin classes at eight.我们八点开始上课。4、基数词与序数词连用时基数词与序数词连用时，一般将序数词放在基数词前面；当用基数词构成复合形容词时，其后的名词要用单数形式。The first three parts need to be revised.前三部分需要修订。a six -year -old girl 一个六岁女孩 a five-hundred-word composition 一篇五百字的作代【2012
17、宜昌】1 - -Our school is going to hold the _ Culture Festival.- -I see. And we can take part in _ activities.A. tenth; tenth B. ten; tenth C. tenth; ten D ten; ten【2012 鸡西】2. A _ girl named Dong Xinyi looked after her disabled father.A. three-year-old B. three-years-old C. three years old【2012 沈阳】3. It
18、 is reported that people throw _ plastic bags along this street every day.A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of【2012 大理】4. Every year, _ farmers go to big cities to workA. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of【2012 白银】5. Im _, and I have a _ sister.A. 15 year old, 16-year-ol
19、d B. 15 years old, 16-years-oldC. 15-year-old, 16 years old D. 15 years old, 16-year-old【2012 南平】6. Thanks to Project Hope, _ children have better lives.A. thousands of B. thousands C. thousand【2012 长沙】7. -How much is the new car?-About eighty _ yuan.A. thousand B. thousands of C. thousands【2012 济南】
20、8. Im 13 years old and my sister is 15 years old. So my sister is _ years older than me.A. one B. two C. three D. four【2012 宜宾】9.(2012 24)If a=3 and b=4, whats the answer to the problem: a+b+1=? The answer is _.A. twelve B. nine C. eight D. seven 【2012 广东】10.How was your weekend? Great! It was my gr
21、andfathers _ birthday. We enjoyed ourselves.A. seventy B. seventieth C. the seventieth D. seventeenth【2012 绥化】11. _ of his works were written in his _.A. One-third; fifties B. One-third; fifty C. One-thirds; fifties【2012 成都】12. Some scientists think that it will take _ of years to make robots do mos
22、t work for humans.A. hundreds B. hundred C. thousand【2012 聊城】13. Please turn to page_ and look at the _picture in this unit.A. twentieth；one B. twenty；one C. twentieth；first D. twenty；first 【2012 铜仁】14. About _of the students in Grade Nine this year were born in the_.A. three five; 1996.B. three fif
23、ths; 1990s C. third fifth; 1997. D. third fifths; 1990s【2012 连云港】15.Two volunteers sent _ books to a mountain village school on Childrens Day.A. two hundreds of B. two hundred of C. two hundreds D. two hundred 【2012 黔东南】16. There _ twelve months in a year. September is the_ month.A. are, ninth B. is
24、, ninth C. are, nineth D. is, nineth【2012 六盘水】17.There are _days in a week and Tuesday is _ day of the week.A. seven; third B. seven; the third C. seventh; three D. the seventh; three【2012 黔西南】18_ visitors come to Xingyi during May Day holidays every year.A. Thousands of B. Two thousands C. Thousand
25、s of D. Thousands【2012 宿迁】19. Our school is so famous that _ people come and visit it every term.A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of【2012 凉山】20. There are _ teachers in our school,_ of them are women teachers.A. two hundreds; three fourth B. two hundred; three fourths C. two hundred;
26、 three forths 【2012 临沂】21. Did you know that the earth is home to _ animals?A. million B. millions C. million of D. millions of 【2012 南充】22.I think_ should not be allowed to drive.A. sixteen years old B. sixteen-year-old C. sixteen-year-olds【2012 广安】23.Guangan is a beautiful city, isnt it? Yes. Ther
27、e are about two _visitors here every week.A. thousands of B. thousands C. thousand 【2012 无锡】24. The _ action film has attracted millions of young people to the cinema.A. 130-minute B. 130-minutes C. 130 minute D. 130 minutes【2012 怀化】25. The _Olympic Games will be held in London on July27, 2012.A. th
28、irty B. thirtieth C. thirtyth【2012 苏州】26. The chairperson received about three _ applications to join the Bird watching Club.A. hundred B. hundreds of C. hundred of D. hundreds 【2012 兰州】27. _ exciting news! We will have a _holiday after the exam.A. What an; two months B. How an; two months C. What; two- month D. How; two months
