1、CET-6,Writing,CET-6 Writing,一、出题方式：命题作文、看图画或图表作文，根据所给文章（英文或中文）写出文章概要或大意，给出关键词作文等。 字数要求： at least 120 words (before 2003) at least 150 words (since 2003) 建议：无论提纲是几点，都要写三至四段。 看图画作文（考研） 1. 漫画 2. 社会热点,二、评分标准 1、评分原则： 四六级作文采用总体评分(global scoring)的方法，阅卷人员就总的印象给出鼓励(reward scores),而不是按语言点的错误数给分。 第一段要推敲 第二段要有主
2、题句 第三段总结看作文看两点：第一看组织结构，第二看语言表达。,2、检查五个方面的语言点错误 1) 检查三个一致：主谓一致，时态一致，单复数一致 2) 拼写错误 强烈反对文章内容的修改 (明显的跑题内容才重要) 3) 格式2种: (1) 每一段缩进4个字母，每一段之间不空行 (传统格式) (2) 每一段顶格写，每一段之间空一行 (流行格式),三、常考文体的写作 1. 应用文 1.1 写信 1.2 图表作文2.说明文3.议论文 3.1 正反观点型 3.2 问题解决型 3.3 现象对比型 3.4 论证说理型,历年CET-6写信作文,2001年6月 Directions: For this part
3、, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter. Suppose you are Zhang Ying. Write a letter to Xiao Wang, a schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the week-long holiday. You should write at least 120 words according to the suggestions (given in Chinese) below: 表示欢迎 提出对度假安排的建议 提醒应注意的
4、事项A Letter to a Schoolmate,2002年1月 Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese)
5、below: 假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼而有之。 A Letter to the University Presidentabout the Canteen Service on Campus,2004年6月 Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter to the editor of a newspaper complaining about the poor service of
6、 a bookstore. You should write at least 150 words according to the guidelines given below in Chinese. 设想你买了一本英文词典，发现有这样那样的质量问题，书店的服务态度又不好，因此给报社编辑写信。信中必须包括以下内容： 1. 事情的起因 2. 与书店交涉的经过 3. 呼吁服务行业必须提高服务质量 A Letter to the Editor of a Newspaper,2005年1月 （写一封公开信） Directions: For this part, you are allowed thi
7、rty minutes to write an open letter on behalf of the students union asking people to give help to a student who is seriously ill. You should write at least 150 words following the outline (given in Chinese) below: 1. 对病人的简单介绍：目前的病情和家庭情况 2. 目前的困难：无法继续承担医疗费用，需要护理 3. 希望捐助，联系方式 Your Help Needed,2006年1月
8、Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter to a company declining a job offer. You should write at least 150 words following the outline (given in Chinese) below: 1. 对公司提供职位表示感谢 2. 解释为何不能接受所提供的职位 3. 希望给予谅解，并表达对公司的良好祝愿 A Letter Declining a Job Offer,1. 应用文 1.1 写信 1.1.
9、1 英文信封的写法 1) 在信封的左上角写寄信人的名字和住址。 2) 在信封的中间或右下角偏左的地方写收信人的名字和住址。 3) 寄信人不自称Mr.、Mrs.或Miss，但是在收信人的姓名前则必须加上尊称Mr.、Mrs.或Miss以示礼貌。 4) 住址的写法与中文相反；英文住址原则上是由小至大，如必须先写门牌号码、街路名称，再写城市、省（州）和邮政区号，最后一行则写上国家的名称。,5) 在信封的右上角贴上邮票。 6) 信封上的邮政区号(zip code)，在美国州名之后以五位数阿拉伯数字表示，前三位数代表州或都市，后两位数表示邮区，至于邮政区号10027的念法是one double o two
10、 seven。 7) 住址中常用字：有简写的多用简写： 楼 F(e.g. 2F) 巷 Lane ( e.g. Lane 194) 段 Section；Sec. (e.g. Sec. ) 弄 Alley (e.g. Alley 6) 路 Road；Rd. (e.g. Chunghua Rd.) 街 Street；St. (e.g. Yangkwang St.),1.1.2 英文信的写法 1) 信头：包括写信人地址和写信日期，应放在书信正文右上角；六级考试中信头总是已经给出或可以省略。 2) 称呼：根据收信人性别、职务、婚姻状况、姓名等个人信息使用，如Mr./ Mrs. White, Profes
11、sor Black, Dr. Smith, Dear Mum and Dad。不清楚收信人具体姓名或职务等情况，可以写成：Dear Sir or Madam, To whom it may concern。,3) 正文 (Body) (1) Body部分顶格写，段落之间要空行； 或Body部分段首空六格，段落之间不要空行。 (2)书信题写作五点基本结构 开门见山说意图 咨询建议一二三 不同内容可分段 感谢客气不可少 期盼回信成老套 4) 结束语：写在正文下面二至三行处。较正式的信件多采用Yours sincerely, Sincerely yours, Yours faithfully, Yo
12、ur truly等；私人信件多采用yours, With love, Yours affectionately等。 5)签名：应写在结束语的下面。,格式二A Letter to 4th, December, 2009 Dear Sir/Madam, / To whom it may concern, Yours sincerely, Li Ming,Sample 1: Directions:You want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a l
13、etter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan.Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming” instead.
14、Do not write the address.,Dear Sir/Madam, / To whom it may concern, I am writing to tell you that I want to make a contribution to Project Hope by giving financial support to a child who lives in a remote area. Would you please help me find such a candidate? Firstly, the child should live in the wes
15、t of Hunan Province. Because I come from that area too. I hope I can so something for my hometown. Secondly, the child should be a girl from a farmers family. Since girls in the countryside in China are usually given fewer chances to receive education, I really hope I can help girls. Thirdly, the ch
16、ilds family should be so poor that her parents can not afford her tuition and she has to drop out of school. Last but not least, the girl should be warm hearted and always willing to help others.,How will I carry out my plan of helping the girl? To begin with, I will post 200 RMB to the girl every m
17、onth. At the same time, some clothes and stationeries will be sent to her. Moreover, I will write letters to her often. I will do my best to encourage her to study hard and to be confident. Furthermore, I will go to her hometown to see her in the summer or winter vacation. Lastly, I will also invite
18、 her to my home and take her to visit some places of interest in holidays. In this way, I think her horizons will be broadened.Your help will be greatly appreciated!Sincerely yours,Li Ming,Sample 2:假如你是李静，因为东南亚地区发生海啸而呼吁人们要保护地球。写一封呼吁信，信的内容应该包括：1. 人类破坏行为导致的严重后果；2. 呼吁人们重视地球环境；3. 提出建议或解决措施。,To everyone
19、on our planet,Over the past years, floods, droughts, dust storms, landslides (山体滑坡), mud-rock / debris flow (泥石流), hurricanes (飓风) / typhoon (台风) / tornado (龙卷风) / cyclone (旋风，龙卷风), earthquakes and tsunami / seismic sea wave (海啸) have frequented our planet, the sole habitat of human beings. Several
20、months ago, a tsunami has swept Southeast Asia, causing enormous damage. Numerous disasters like this one have sounded an alarm to human beings.,It is a common sense that nowadays, only from our planet can we obtain our shelter, food, clothes and so on. If the earth is damaged, we will have nowhere
21、to live. Though natural disasters like earthquakes are beyond our control, the destruction caused by human beings can be controlled to a certain extent. Such destruction has aroused peoples concern all the over the world. If we pay no attention to the present destructive human activities, our planet
22、 will be a tomb instead of a cozy home.,Counter-measures must be taken to control the destruction to the Earth caused by human beings. First of all, laws must be established to punish those who are involved in destructive conduct. Second, enterprises and individuals who are in support of an environm
23、ent-friendly society should be encouraged with honors and rewards. Third, more publicity should be given to environmental protection, thus making every citizen be aware of the responsibility to protect the environment.Sincerely yours,Li Jing,Homework,假如你是李静，你想向校长申请参加西北大开发，你要给校长写一封信，信的内容包括：1. 表达自己想要参
24、加西北大开发的愿望；2. 简要说明自己的理由。,Homework,Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to the local government complaining that some Internet cafes open to teenagers. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 许多网吧向未成年人开放 2. 列举这一现象的危害并分析原因
25、3. 提出建议，希望引起重视,历年CET-6图表型作文,1991年6月 （图表作文） Car Accidents Declining in Walton City 1992年1月 （图表作文） Film is Giving Way to TV 1996年6月（图表作文） Health Gains in Developing Countries,2002年6月 （图表作文） Student Use of Computers Average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week In 1990: 2.5 hours pe
26、r week In 1995: 3.5 hours per week In 2000: 19.5 hours per week 1. 上图所示为1990年、1995年、2000年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变化； 2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）； 3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。,2003年6月 (图表作文) Changes in the Ownership of Houses In 1990: state-owned : private: 75:25 In 1995: state-owned : private:
27、 60:40 In 2000: state-owned : private: 20:80 1. 根据上图描述该市住房产权的变化 2. 分析产生这些变化的原因 3. 说明这些变化对个人和社会产生的影响,2006年6月 (图表作文) Traveling Abroad Number of people in City X traveling abroad in 1995, 2000 and 2005 In 1995: 10,000 people In 2000: 38,000 people In 2005: 127,500 people 1. 近十年来X市有越来越多的人选择处境旅游 2. 出现这种现
28、象的原因 3. 这种现象可能产生的影响,1.2 图表作文,表格(Table)、Bar Chart (柱状图)、 Pie Chart (饼状图)、 Graph (曲线图)、 Line Graph(线形图)、 第一段：写图表的总的感觉 开门见山地描述数据，分析数据间的主要差异及趋势，接着说明数据所反映的现象或问题，点明本图表所反映的主题。 (figure , describe, tell, show, represent，etc.) 第二段：写出现该现象的原因 说明造成数据间差异、变化等的理由，注意层次、逻辑清晰合理。 (one of the reasons was, another reason
29、 was, rise, drop, reduce, increase, decrease, fall, while, but, on the contrary, however, compareto/with, in contrast to, as as, the same as, more than, less than, etc.),第三段:归纳总结或发表评论 陈述个人观点，指出这些现象、问题的后果或带来的影响，并指出解决措施等。 (in short, generally speaking, It is clear from the chart that,We can draw the c
30、onclusion that, We can learn/know etc.) 有三种写法： 1. 如果图表反映的是坏现象，建议采取什么措施。 2. 如果图表反映的是好现象，展望未来（如：汽车事故减少）。 3.如果图表反映的是非好非坏的现象，发表作者自己的看法（如：电影，电视）。 You should quote as few figures as possible. 六级图表作文的要求： 挖掘图表后面的内涵。,模式 It can be seen from the graph/table/figure thatWhy are there such great changes during .y
31、ears? In my opinionreasons contribute to it. First/At first, Secondly/In addition,/ Moreover/ Finally In conclusion/To sum up/In short/ All in all,Sample 1: Car Accident Declining in Walton City (1991. 6)According to the graph /As can be seen from the graph, the rise and fall rate of the car acciden
32、ts in Walton City varies in different seasons. From January to March last year it increased by 68%, from March to June it dropped by about half of the previous rate; and from June to August there was a steep rise of 66.6%. After that, however, there was a steady decrease, and this makes us confident
33、 that car accidents are declining in Walton City.,There are three reasons for this improvement. First, new traffic regulations have made drivers more careful. Second, more people are using bicycles for transportation. And third, in the late part of the year, good weather made the roads safer to driv
34、e on.This year, major roads have been repaired and the number of public buses has been increased. Moreover, a traffic safety campaign has made all the local people more careful of the danger of the unsafe driving. So, I am confident there will even be fewer car accidents in Walton City in future.,Sa
35、mple 2: The Number of Scholars Returning from Overseas over the Past Years In 1984: about 1,200 In 1994: about 6,000 In 2004: about 25,000 1. 上图反映了近年来留学归国学者人数的变化，对此进行描述； 2. 分析产生这一现象的原因。,Scholars Returning from OverseasAs is vividly portrayed in the chart above, the number of scholars returning from
36、overseas has been climbing over the past few years and rocketed to 25 thousand in the year of 2004. People may wonder what is behind these amazing figures. The foremost reasons for the tremendous increase clearly revealed in the chart above can be illustrated as follows.,To begin with, a set of pref
37、erential policies has contributed to the increase of the number of returning scholars. To motivate students studying overseas to return, our government has set up a suite of preferential policies in terms of salaries, housing, choice of jobs, and childrens education. Without these preferential polic
38、ies, the number of returning scholars would not have increased so dramatically.Moreover, the rapid development of our motherland has led to the increase in the number of scholars returning from overseas. Ever since 1978 when China launched the reform and opening-up policy, its economy has been devel
39、oping at an astonishing speed. The robust economy,has laid a solid foundation for the rapid development of scientific study, which makes China a most inviting country to both overseas Chinese and foreigners. Therefore, without the great leap of our country over the past few decades, the increase in
40、the number of returning scholars would be impossible either.To sum up, our preferential policies and the rapid development of our country are the foundations of the increase revealed in the chart above.,Homework,Rush for Postgraduate Study In 2000: 380,000 In 2001: 435,000 In 2002: 620,000 In 2003:
41、800,000 In 2004: 955,000 1. 上图所示为近几年报考研究生的人数，描述其变化并说明其原因； 2. 阐述你对考研热的观点。,请假条 (written request for leave) 请病假 (note for sick leave) / 请事假 (leave of absence),To: Peter Stone, Manager From: Lynn Chen, Financial DepartmentDate: Nov. 2nd, 2009Subject: Casual Leave of AbsencePeter, I would like to know if
42、 I could ask for a casual leave of absence for one day on Nov. 4th, this Wednesday. This morning I received a telephone call from my dentist, urging me to come to his practice for immediate treatment of my teeth. I have been experiencing a stinging pain, depriving me of my sleep during the past fort
43、night. The situation could worsen, should infection occur. Concerning my workload: As Wednesday is not as busy as the other weekdays, I think a one-day leave this Wednesday may be the best solution. I apologize for the inconvenience my absence from work may cause. Thanks. I will call you at 1:30 p.m
44、. or you can call me at any time.,Writing,Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a poster inviting freshmen to join a student association. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 协会正在招募新成员 2. 协会的历史、宗旨和开展的活动 3. 如何加入，联系方式,Sample,We,
45、English Club, are recruiting new members. Those with a keen love for English may join us on the great trip of indulging in the world of English.English Club is a 20-year-old student-run organization in our school, which has enjoyed great popularity among students over so many years. It is establishe
46、d to provide an environment for students with common interest in English speaking, writing and other related English areas.,Our activities center around improving our members English skills and promoting friendship and fun among our members. The Club is most famed for its traditional activity Englis
47、h Corner held every Thursday, where English lovers gather together, making friends, exchanging ideas and most importantly improving their spoken English. We also play classical English movies free of charge to our members, and put on English dramas acted by our members, just to name a few. Come and
48、join us if you have an interest in English studies and want to have fun as well. Interested students please call 2233567 or send an email to English-C. And 100RMB membership fee is needed.,历年CET-6型说明文型作文,2000年1月 Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the
49、topic How I Finance My College Education. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 上大学的费用（tuitions and fees）可以通过多种途径解决。 哪种途径适合我（说明理由）。,2001年1月 Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How to Succeed in a Job Interview? You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 1. 面试在求职过程中的作用 2. 取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是,
