1、 专家授课 权威讲解 考试必过成人英语三级完形填空语法定冠词限定名词时主要表示特指,应注意以下几点:(1) the 和可数名词单数连用,表示一类人或物,如:the fern( 蕨类), the wallflower(2) 序数词之前必须用 the,如:the first woman, the nineteenth century 但前面有物主代词时除外,如 my first baby(3) 形容词最高级之前必须用 the(有物主代词时除外 ),如:the largest city, the most advanced technology(4) of 连接的名词前多用 the, 如:the d
2、evelopment of the watch(5) 世界上独一无二的东西前应加 the, 如:the globe(地球),the equator(赤道), the moon, the sun在下列情况下,一般不用 the:(1) 表示人名、地名、国家名等专有名词前, 一般不加,如: Dennis Chavez(人名),Alaska(地名),English( 英语), February(二月), America(美 国)但是在表示海洋、海峡、江、河、山脉、群岛等专有名词时要加上 the the Great Lakes(美国五大湖), the Changjiang River(长江)(2) 无特
3、指的不可数名词前,如:algebra(代数学), advertising, accounting(会计学)(3) 表示类别的复数名词前,如:Historians believe that, Amphibians(两栖动物) hatch from(4) 一些固定词组中,如:in history, in nature, at work, at home , go to school, go to bed, in bed乘车的词组:by train(乘火车 ), by car (乘汽车), by bicycle(骑脚踏车), by bus (乘公共汽车), by land(由陆路), by sea
4、(由海路), by water (由水路) , by air (通过航空) on foot (步行), by plane(乘飞机), by ship (乘船),打球的词组:play tennis, play baseball, play basketball注意:表示职位的词之前的冠词有无均可, 如:He was elected (the)chairman of the committee. 不可数名词的限定词和不可数名词原形连用, 下面这些限定词后面一定跟不可数名词: much, a large amount of, a great deal of, a wealth of(大量的、丰富的)
5、 little /a little /less /least, a piece /sheet /slice /bar of, 属不可数名词专用另外一些词(词组)如 such, some /any (of), most (of), a lot of, lots of, the rest of, plenty of 等既可接可数名词又可接不可数名词。有些形容词本身就具有“ 比.年长” 、“ 比优越”等含义,因此也就没有比 较级 和最高级。比如: inferior, superior, senior, anterior。这些形容词往往和 to 连用 ,而不和 than 连用。有些形容词本身就具备“最
6、、极” 的含义,所以就没有最高级和比较级。如:absolute(绝对的), unique( 独一无二的), infinite(无限的), round(圆的),right(对的 ), correct(正确的), wrong( 错误的), perfect(完美的),这类形容词往往被称 为绝对形容词对于 most 来讲,除了构成某些词最高级外, most 的用法有几点需要注意,经常成为改错题的考点:1. 当 most 表示大多数时,之前不加 the, 并且有两种形式来表示大多数,分别 为:most + 名词,如:most people, most Indian tribes;most + of +
7、限定词 + 名词或代词,如:most of his paintings,most of us, most of the modern artists2. most 有时意思等同于 very, 此时 most 之前用不定冠词,如:a most lovely girl, a most impressive proposal例题:(1)The most substances expand in volume when they are heated.A B C D答案:A应改为:Most解释:most 只有在表示形容词最高级作定语时需加定冠词,此句表示 “大多数” ,没必要加 the. Alumin
8、um is the most abundant metal in the crust of the Earth, but the nonmetalsA B Coxygen and silicon are more still abundant.专家授课 权威讲解 考试必过D考点:程度副词答案:D应改为:still more解释:程度副词 still 修饰比较级 more 时,应置于其前几点参考规则:1. 多数副词放在修饰的动词之后,若动词有宾语则放在宾语之后,如:She sings very well.I met your uncle(动词的宾语) just now.I met just no
9、w your uncle (错)2. 副词修饰形容词、介词短语、副词时常放在被修饰成分之前,如:These two are only slightly different.right after this, very smoothly当然,副词 enough 是一个例外,要放在修饰成分的后面,如:I am not good enough to do this job. (对)I am not enough good to do this job. (错)3. 表示频率的副词常放在实意动词之前,be 动词之后,如:He often/ always/ rarely/seldom/never play(实意动词) tennis. 、He is always here at 8clock. (be 动词之后)4. 部分副词的位置没有一定的规定,原则上接近被修饰词即可,如:only, even, still, perhaps, etc.