1、Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气,1) If I were you, I shouldnt do that.2) We would go with you if we had time.3) We could ask him if he were here.4) If I knew his telephone number, I would ring him up.,I. 虚拟语气在主从复合句中的用法1. 表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：,1) If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked youabout it. 2)
2、 If you had come earlier, you would (might) have met him. 3) I would have called you if I had known your phone number.,2.表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词的主要 形式如下,1) If it should rain, the crops would be saved. 2) If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out. 3) If it rained tomorrow, we would not go out.,3.表示与将
3、来事实可能相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：,Note: 1.错综时间句 2.省略连词if。在书面语中，如果虚拟条件句 中有were, had或should，可以if把省略而把 这几个词放到主语之前构成主谓倒装：例如： 1. Should he come, tell him to ring me up. 2. Were I you ,I would not do it. 3. Had he been more careful ,such mistakes could have been avoided.,3. If my lawyer _ here last Saturday, he _me fr
4、om going. A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented,16. _ I be free tomorrow, I could go with you. A. Could B. Should C. Might D. Must,19. _ your letter, I would have written back two days ago. A. If I received B. Should I recei
5、ved C. Had I received D. If I could have received,21. Should it rain, the crops _. A. would be saved B. would have been saved C. will be saved D. had been saved,27. If I _ you, I would try again. A. am B. was C. were D. be,28. _ , all the students would hear. A. If the teacher had spoken louder B. I
6、f the teacher will speak louder C. Had the teacher spoken louder D. If the teacher spoke louder,29. What should we do if it _ tomorrow? A. should snow B. would snow C. snow D. will snow,30. If you _ 5 minutes earlier, you _ him. A. should come; had seen B. came; would see C. come; will see D. had co
7、me; would have seen,(1) Mr Brown _ a house if he had enough money. A. will buy B. would buy C. bought D. has bought,(30) _ I known he needed money so badly, I might have managed to help him. A. Unless B. When C. If D. Had,II:虚拟语气在宾语从句的中的用法,1). wish后的宾语从句：从句中的动词根据时间可采用不同的形式，参见虚拟条件句：1. I wish I were (
8、was) as strong/clever/young as you.(But I am not.)2. We wish we had paid more attention to our pronunciation.3.I wish he would/could/might try.,2. I wish I _ you yesterday? A. seen B. did see C. had seen D. were to see,(29) I wish the train _ so late; then I could have got home before breakfast. A.
9、hadnt arrived B. didnt arrive C. wouldnt arrive D. mustnt arrive,(31) I wish I _ to repair the bike, for I only made it worse. A. had tried B. hadnt tried C. tried D. didnt try,2.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。,宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即 1.insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose 4. demand , requ
10、ire, request, desireshould + 动词原形,Note 1: insist作“坚决要求做”时，用此 句型；如作“坚决认为时，则不用虚拟： 1.He insisted that he (should) go instead of me. 2.He insisted that you were wrong. ( )1.Mr Smith ordered that the work _ at once.A.do B.did C.was done D.be done ( )2.The guard at the gate insisted that everybody_the rul
11、es.A.obeyed B.obey C.will obey D.would,D,B,. suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea等后面的 名词性从句： 1.My idea is that we (should) do the work ourselves.2.What do you think of Xiao Yangs proposal that we (should) put on a play at the English evening?,1. The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and
12、_ free. A. did; set B. had done; should be set C. do; be set D. had done; must be set,2. Mother suggested that I _ my homework first before watching TV. A. did B. do C. shall do D. have done,5. The commander ordered that the wounded _ to hospital right away. A. to be sent B. be sent C. send D. shoul
13、d send 6. The order came that the medical supplies _ to the village soon. A. would be sent B. should send C. be sent D. must be sent,4. The suggestion has been made _ the basketball game _ put off. A. for; to B. that; be C. which; should be D. to; being,在句型1.It is necessary/important/strange/ that.2
14、.It is a pity/a shame/no wonder/ that.等结构后的主语从句：should+动词原形,.一些习惯句型中： It is (high) time后的定语从句中通常也需要用虚拟语气?：1.It is time that we went /should go to bed.2.It is time we went home.,2. 用于以if only或as if 引导的简单句中,谓语动词常用did/were或had been虚拟形式, 如:, 用在if only引起的感叹句中（要是什么就好了）：1.If only we had listened to their a
15、dvice!2.If only the letter had arrived in time!3.If only I hadnt lost it!, would rather(宁愿)后也可以用?这样的结构：1.I would rather they came tomorrow (youhad gone there too).2.I could go myself but I would rather you went.3.I would (had) rather you posted the letter rightaway.,4. If only he _ quietly as the do
16、ctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. (2000) A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie,8. It is important that we _ wild animals. A. will protect B. should protect C. shall protect D. are protecting,9. It is necessary that the problem _ at once. A. solves B. should solve C. should be solv
17、ed D. will be solved,31. If only I _ my watch! A. hadnt lost B. havent lost C. didnt lose D. dont lose,40. “What will you do during the summer holiday?“ “I dont know, but Its high time _ Something.“ A. Im deciding B. Ill decide C. I decided D. I decide,.含蓄条件句(Sentences of Implied Condition)有时，假设的情况不
18、是通过虚拟条件句表示 出来，而是通过上下文或 其它方式来表示。,6.without和but for 构成虚拟。(but for要不是),Without sunlight, peoples life (be) different from today.But for your help, I _ (not finish) the work. Without your help, I (fail). But for water, it (be) possible to live in the desert. 7. otherwise/or前实后虚；but 前虚后实（虚拟同主句）,_ wouldnt
19、 have finished,would be,would have failed,would be,He _ (help) me, or I _(fail). He _(help) me, but he _ busy.,I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have gone there with them. I would have finished the work, but I have been ill.,(50) But for John, we _ the match last week. A. would have lost B. wou
20、ld lose C. had lost D. lost,(43) John talked as if he _ all the work himself but in fact Harry and Lily did most of it. A. did B. had done C. has done D. do,24. He smiled as if he _ my thought. A. read B. was reading C. had read D. has read,现在,过去,将来,1. I didnt know his telephone number. _ it, I _ th
21、en.A. Had I known, would ring him upB. Should I know, would have rung him upC. If I knew; would ring him up D. Had I known; would have rung him up,2. Were I to do it, I _ it some other way.A. will do B. would do C. would have done D. were to do 3. I _ him the answer _ possible, but I was so busy the
22、n.A. could tell; if it had been B. must have told; were itC. should have told; had it been D. should have told; should it be,4. Without your help, we_ so much.A. wont achieve B. didnt achieveC. dont achieve D. wouldnt have achieved 5. You didnt take his advice. _ his advice, you _ such a mistake.A.
23、Had you taken; wouldnt have made B. If you had taken; would makeC. Were you lo take; shouldnt have made D. Have you taken; won t have made,6. Li Ming insisted that he _ anything at all. hadnt stolen B. shouldnt steal C. doesnt steal D. steal 7. It is quite natural that my coming late again _ them very angry.A. had made B. would make C. makes D. make,9. It is high time we _ home.A. will go B. would go C. have gone D. went 10. I d rather that you _ home then.A. went B. have gone C. will go D. had gone 11. If only I _ to the lecture!A. listen B. will listen C. am listening D. had listened,
