收藏 分享(赏)

Grammar1_Sentences句子.doc

上传人:sjmd695 文档编号:7230682 上传时间:2019-05-10 格式:DOC 页数:5 大小:84.50KB
下载 相关 举报
Grammar1_Sentences句子.doc_第1页
第1页 / 共5页
Grammar1_Sentences句子.doc_第2页
第2页 / 共5页
Grammar1_Sentences句子.doc_第3页
第3页 / 共5页
Grammar1_Sentences句子.doc_第4页
第4页 / 共5页
Grammar1_Sentences句子.doc_第5页
第5页 / 共5页
亲,该文档总共5页,全部预览完了,如果喜欢就下载吧!
资源描述

1、欧贝英语 有意义的英语学习 1语法专题精讲 1-句子种类I. 要点 句子按其结构可以分为以下三类:简单句(Simple Sentences):只包含一个主谓结构的句子叫简单句,例如:She is fond of collecting stamps. 她喜欢集邮。(主) (谓)句子类型:SV (V 为不及物动词) I waited.SVO We enjoyed the film.SVA I waited eagerly. I waited at school SVOA We enjoyed the film very much. We enjoyed the film last night.*S

2、VO 的补充类型SVP (V 为联系动词,P:predicative 表语) I am happy. You look tired.SVOiOd (Oi :indirect object 间接宾语 Od: direct object 直接宾语) She sent me a message.可改为(to 型) V+Od +to +Oi She sent a message to me. 可改为(for 型)V+O d +for +Oi She bought a book for me. 既可改为(to 型)也可改为(for 型)V+O d +to/for +Oi She sang a song

3、to/for me. SVOC (OC:object complement 宾补) 形容词做宾补,表明宾语的性质、状态: She painted the door red.名词(短语)做宾补,说明宾语的身份、性质等:We call the baby Sarah.不定式做宾补:-带 to 的不定式:We have invited all our friends to come.-不带 to 的不定式:She noticed a car crash into a big tree. 动词-ing 做宾补:说明宾语正在进行的行为:I saw him waiting at the school gat

4、e.动词-ed 做宾补,补充说明宾语被施加的行为:I will have all the material gathered this afternoon.“as/for+名词/代词”做宾补,常用于一些特定的结构中。We all think of this poem as a description of the natural beauty. You can keep whatever you like here for yourself.*识记高频考点:1. to 型双宾语动词 2. for 型双宾语动词 3.to 型欧贝英语 有意义的英语学习 2/for 型双宾语动词 4.不带 to 的

5、不定式变为被动语态时,加 to 并列句(Compound Sentences):包含两个或两个以上简单句的句子,句与句之间通常 用并列连词 and ,but,or 或分号来连接,例如:The food was good but he had little appetite.食物很精美,但他却没什么胃口。He met Jane at the station and went shopping.(同一个主语时,可以省略)复合句(Complex Sentences):包含一个主句从句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句,从句由从属连词引导,例如:The film had begun when we got

6、 to the cinema.主句 从句我们到达电影院的时候,电影已经开演了。 按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。陈述句(Declarative Sentences):说明一个事实或陈述一种看法,结构为:主语部分+谓语部分。Light travels faster than sound. 光比声速度快。 (说明事实)The film is rather boring. 这部电影很乏味。 (说明看法)(1)陈述句的肯定形式I know you will come whatever difficulty you might come across.我知道不管遇到什么样的困难你都会来的

7、。(正常语序)Here comes the bus full of children from the states.公共汽车载着一车美国来的儿童驶来了。 (倒装语序)(2 )陈述句的否定形式 如果句子的谓语含助动词/be 动词,就在其后加 not。I have seen the film.我看过这部电影。I havent seen the film.I am good at playing football.我擅长踢足球。 I am not good at playing football.如果句子的谓语不含助动词,就要加一个助动词,再加 not。I played football with

8、 my classmates last Sunday.我上周日和我的同学踢足球了。I didnt play football with my classmates last Sunday.*陈述句的否定形式 (1) 在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中,当主句的谓语动词是 think, expect, believe, suppose, guess, fancy, imagine 等,且主句主语是第一人称时,宾语从句谓语的否定习惯上要移到主句谓语上,如:I think he is not right. () I dont think he is right. 我认为他是不对的。(2) 含有否定意义的副

9、词 never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, rarely, barely 的句子应视为否定句,构成反意疑问句时,提问部分要用肯定形式。如: You have never been there before,have you?我以前从没去过那里,是吗?欧贝英语 有意义的英语学习 3祈使句:表示请求或命令的句子,省略主语 you,句子以动词原型开头,句尾用句号或叹号。肯定形式:Take care! Please open the door for the old lady. 否定形式:Dont stand there. *(1)主语为第一、三人称的祈使句,通常用动词 le

10、t 开头。Let me tell you the answer.让我告诉你答案吧。Let us have a rest.咱们休息一下吧。Let us Lets(2)在祈使句后面用反意疑问句,要注意人称的变化。 如:Go to the cinema,will you? 注意 Lets 开头的祈使句,后用 shall we? Let us 开头的祈使句,后用will you?疑问句(Interrogative Sentences):提出问题,句尾用问号。常见的有以下四种:a. 一般疑问句(General Questions):对事实提问,用 yes/no 来回答。Can you finish th

11、e work in time? 你能按时完成工作吗?Yes,I can.*用其它的词回答(肯定:certainly,surely,sure,of course,I think so,all right 否定:certainly not,of course not,not at all,never,sorry,not yet,Im afraid not)b. 特殊疑问句( W Questions; H Questions):就句中某一部分进行提问,结构:疑问词+一般疑问句。疑问词有(5w+h):who/whom/whose,what,where,when,why,how Where do you

12、 live? 你住那儿? How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事c. 选择疑问句(Alternative Questions):对问题给出两个或两个以上的答案,供对方选择其一。有两种形式:一般疑问句、特殊疑问句。Do you want tea or coffee? 你是要茶还是要咖啡? Which do you prefer,cold drinks or hot?你更喜欢冷饮还是热饮?d. 反意疑问句(Tag-Questions):附加在陈述句后的简单问句,征询意见,或者希望事实得到证实。有两种形式:前肯后否、前否后肯He doesnt know her, does he

13、? 他不认识她,对不对?Sophia is good at playing the violin,isnt she?索菲亚擅长拉小提琴,是不是?*在回答时,不管陈述句是肯定的还是否定的,肯定的回答用 yes,否定的回答用 no.You didnt attend the conference,did you?你没有参加这个会议,对不对?-Yes,I did.不,我参加了。- No,I didnt.是的,我没参加。反意疑问句(1) need 和 dare 既可作情态动词,又可作实意动词,在反问部分须加欧贝英语 有意义的英语学习 4以区别,如 We neednt leave, need we? We

14、 dont need to leave, do we?(2) 陈述部分出现否定意义的副词或代词如 never, seldom, few, hardly, little 等时,反问部分须用肯定形式 如:He seldom comes, does he?Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?(3 )主语是 everything,something,anything,nothing 时,用 it 指代。 如:Nothing can stop me, can it?(4)省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句,疑问部分用 will you。如: Dont do that

15、again, will you? (5)陈述部分主语是不定代词 everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one 等,疑问部分常用复数 they,有时也用单数 he。Everyone knows the answer, dont they? (does he?)Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)(6)陈述句部分的谓语是 used to 时,疑问部分用 didnt+主语或usednt +主语. 如: He used to go to school at seven, didnt he? / usednt he

16、? 如: You used to get up early, usednt (didnt) you?(7 ) 陈述部分是“there + be“结构时,反问部分用 there,如:Theres something wrong with you, isnt there?(8)陈述部分是含有宾语从句的主从复合句时,反问部分的主语和谓语应和主句保持一致,如: He said that he was late for the lecture,didnt he?(9)主句谓语是 think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine 等引导的定语从句,疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构

17、成反意疑问句。I dont think he is bright, is he?We believe she can do it better, cant she?(10)陈述部分有 had better + v. 疑问句部分 用 hadnt you?如: Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you?(11)陈述部分有 Youd like to +v.疑问部分 用 wouldnt+主语. 如:Youd like to go with me, wouldnt you? 感叹句 :表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子,以 what, how 引导,句末用感叹号。

18、(1) what 修饰名词:What+(a/an)+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!What+形容词+ 可数名词复数(+ 主语+ 谓语)!What+形容词+ 不可数名词(+ 主语+ 谓语)!What a great pity you missed the lecture again!你又一次错过了讲座,真是太遗憾了!What interesting books youve bought us!你给我们买的书真有趣!What great fun surfing on the internet is!在网上冲浪真是太有趣了!(2)how 修饰形容词、副词或动词:How+形容词/副词+a/an

19、+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!欧贝英语 有意义的英语学习 5How+形容词/副词+主语 +谓语!How+主语+谓语!How beautiful a place it is.多漂亮的地方啊!How surprising it is!这真是令人吃惊!How I wish to join the football club!我多么想加入足球俱乐部! *在省略的感叹句后面,要注意主语的单复数。 如:What fine weather,isnt it? II例题例 1,Dont forget to post the letter, _ ?A. will you B. do you C. wont yo

20、u D. shall you解析:该题答案为 A, 在否定句、祈使句后只用“will you“?,但肯定的祈使句后可用如, Wait for me, will (wont, can, cant, could) you?例 2,Lets go out for a walk, _ ?A. will you B. wont you C. shall we D. do we 解析:该题答案为 C,lets后加上 shall we 来表语气婉转、客气,而在let us 后加上 will you。例 3,He hardly writes to you, _ ?A. doesnt he B. does he

21、 C. do they D. has he解析:该题答案为 B, hardly 否定副词,反问部分要用肯定形式。例 4 _ food youve cooked!A. How a nice B. What a nice C. How nice D. What nice答案 D. 由于 How 修饰形容词,副词;what 修饰名词。且 food 为不可数名词,因此 A,B 排除。 C How + adj. 后面不能再加名词,因此只有 D 正确,其句型为 What + adj. +n. (不可数)例 5_terrible weather weve been having these days! A.

22、 What B. What a C. How D. How a 答案 A. weather 为不可数名词,B ,D 排除。 C 为 how + adj. 后面不应有名词。只有 A,符合句型 What +形容词+不可数名词。例 6 - _ I had!- You really suffered a lot.A. What a time B. What time C. How a time D. How time答案 A. 感叹句分两类: 1 :What + n.+主谓部分 2:How + adj. / adv. / v.+主谓部分。本题属第一种,但省略了 bad,相对于 What a bad time I had! 这是个习惯用语

展开阅读全文
相关资源
猜你喜欢
相关搜索

当前位置:首页 > 企业管理 > 管理学资料

本站链接:文库   一言   我酷   合作


客服QQ:2549714901微博号:道客多多官方知乎号:道客多多

经营许可证编号: 粤ICP备2021046453号世界地图

道客多多©版权所有2020-2025营业执照举报