1、课文知识点必修 5UNIT 11.put forward关于 put 的常用词组有：put away 收起放好*Put your books away when you finish them.put down 放下；写下；镇压*You should put down everything he said.*The rebellion was at last put down.put forward 提出；拨快*Are you serious in putting forward such a view.put forward a suggestion/plan/a new theory*Pu
2、t the clock forward by five minutes.put off 推迟*They put off the picnic because of the rain.*We had to put off the meeting till next Monday.*Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.put on 穿上；上演put out 扑灭*Put the fire out.put up 举起；张贴；搭起； (留)过夜*We put up for the night at a farmhouse.*Can you
3、 put us up for the night?put up with 忍受2.draw a conclusionconcludeA.vt.得出结论*What do you conclude from the facts?*The judge concluded that the prisoner was innocent.B.vt. vi.结束*He concluded his speech.*The meeting concluded after 3 hours.conclusion n.结论draw/come to/reach a conclusion 得出结论3.expert n.专
4、家 adj.经过专门训练的*He is an expert in engineering.=He is an engineering expert.*He is an expert engineer.4.attend Queen Victoria*attend a meeting/a conference/a lecture 出席/参加attend a class/school 上课/上学*Two doctors attended the patient.(照料/看护)5.expose*Dont expose it to the sun.(暴露)*He exposed the crime in
5、 the newspaper.(揭露 )*Dont expose the children to the infectious disease.(使受到危险)*They are exposed to the infectious disease.*the children (who are) exposed to the infectious disease(过去分词作定语)6.cure vt.治愈 n.治疗方法*The medicine cured my fever.*The medicine cured me of my fever.*There is no certain cure fo
6、r cancer.cure 和 treat 的区别cure 表示“治愈” ，treat 只表示“治疗”7.people dies every time there was an outbreak此处 every time 作连词连接句子关于 every time 等作连词的用法如下：A.every time/each time 每次*She demands sweets every time she sees meB.(the) last time 上次*(The)last time I went to see him, he happened to be out.C.next time 下次
7、*Next time you come in, please knock at the door first.D.the first /second time 第一/二次*The second time I went to see him, he happened to be out.=When I went to see him for the second time, he happened to be out.E.this/it is the first time(that) sb. have done*This is the first time I have been abroad.
8、*This was the first time I had been abroad.F.for the first/second time 作状语用，不能连句子*Last year I went abroad for the second time.I thought him kind and honest _ I met him.A.for the first time B.the first timeC.every time D.the last time8.absorb*Ozone absorbs heat from the sun.*The clever boy absorbed a
9、ll that the teacher taught himbe absorbed in 被吸引住；专注于*He was absorbed in a book.*He is completely absorbed in his work.9.suspect v.怀疑，猜测 n.嫌疑犯*We suspected that it was a trick to get our money.*I suspect him to be a liar.=I suspect that he is a liar.*The office boy is the suspected thief.*The suspec
10、t is being questioned by the police10.blameblame 用作及物动词时 ,通常用于下面三个句型:A. blame sb. for sth. /doing sth.为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事*Many children are afraid of being blamed for making mistakes in speaking English.*He blamed me for his failure.*We blamed him for being late.*He was blamed for being late.B.blame st
11、h.on sb.把某事怪到到某人身上*He blamed his failure on me.*The police blamed the traffic accident on Jack.*Its no use blaming our defeat on him. C.be to blame (for)该( 为)受责备。注意此处不能用被动语态。如:*The children were not to blame for the accident.*He is more to blame than you. *Who is to blame for starting the fire?*You
12、are to blame for that.*He is the person who is to blame.*He is not the one to blame.*The mother didnt know _ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. (NMET2002)A. who B. when C. how D. what*I feel it is your husband who _ for the spoiled child.(2002 上海)A. is to blame B. is goi
13、ng to blameC. is to be blamed D. should blame11.suggestSuggest 作“建议”解时，其宾语从句的谓语用 should+原形或原形；作“表明/暗示”解时则宾语从句的谓语不受限制。*I suggest we have the meeting at once.*I suggest the meeting be held at once.*John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.*The first suggested that chol
14、era multiplied in the air. *The look on his face suggested that he was disappointed.12.apart from 除之外(分别等于 except 和 besides)*Apart from that, all goes well.*Apart from English, we have other subjects.13.positive adj.确定的;积极的 ;正的*There is positive proof that he did it.*Im positive/sure that he did it.
15、*What we need is positive thinking.*Positive suggestions will always be welcomed.*The positive sign is +.*The blood tests were positive.positive pole 阳极，正极positive 的反义词是 negative(否定的,消极的,负的)14.be strict with 和 be strict inbe strict with sb.be strict in sth.*His parents are strict with him.*He is str
16、ict in his work.15.make sense vi.说得通，有意义，有道理, 被理解*Your whole account of the incidents doesnt make sense.*No matter how you read it, this sentence doesnt make (any) sense.make sense of vt.理解，懂*Can you make sense of what he said?16.with the planets going round it这是 with +宾语+宾语补足语的结构，在句中作状语。这一结构在句中常作定语
17、或状语，作宾补的可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式以及分词(ing 和ed)等。现将其基本形式归纳如下：A.with + n./pron. + 形容词/副词*He wore a shirt, with the neck open.*With the noise so loud outside, I cant sleep.*With Mr Smith away, weve got more room.B.with + n./pron. + 介词短语*He sat there with a smile on his face.*Its a village with mountains aro
18、und it.*He came in with a ball under his arm.C.with + n./pron. + 不定式*With so much work to do, he could not go *With so many problems to solve, the newly-elected president had a hard time.D.with + n./pron. + 现在分词*The street was quiet with no buses running.*With him leading the way, I had no trouble f
19、inding the station.*With so many people watching me, I felt nervous.*With the room being decorated, it smells terrible.*I cant go on holiday with my mother being ill.*With Christmas approaching, shops became crowded.*With time going by(As time went by), I realized my mistakes.E.with + n./pron. + 过去分
20、词*The thief was brought in with his hands tied back.*With so many problems solved, the newly-elected president felt relieved.*He slept with all the windows closed.*The boy left with his homework unfinished.17.contribute vt. vi. 捐献，捐赠；贡献；投稿*He contributed to the Red Cross.*He contributed $5 to the ch
21、arity every payday.*He didnt contribute one idea to the discussion.*He contributed an article to the Daily Post.*He often contributes to the magazine.contribute to 经常作“有助于，导致”解*Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.*His carelessness contributed to the accident.*His singing will contribute g
22、reatly to the success of the party.*Bad eating habits contributed to his illness.make a contribution 做贡献Useful expressionsphysical characteristics 身体特征scientific research 科学研究infectious diseases 传染病solve the problem 解决问题be determined to do 决心做look into 调查soon afterwards 之后不久slow down 慢下来，减缓die of 死于
23、make a suggestion 提建议make a plan 制定计划make a speech 发表演讲make a change 做出改变make a investigation 进行调查make a decision 做决定make a contribution 做贡献make a noise 发出响声make a description 进行描述make a face 做鬼脸make friends 交朋友make money 赚钱make dinner 做饭make sure 确保make the bed 铺床make room for 给让地方make ones way to
24、向走去make up ones mind 下决心lead to 导致UNIT 21.consist of 和 make upmake up(vt.)组成，构成consist of =be made up of 由组成/构成*Women make up 60 percent of the workers in this factory.*Different qualities make up a persons character.*Nine players make up a team.*Fifty students make up the class.在上述句子中不能用 consist of
25、，只有当上述句子改为被动后才能换成 consist of。*60 percent of the workers in this factory are made up of women.=60 percent of the workers in this factory consist of women.*A persons character is made up of different qualities.=A persons character consists of different qualities.*A team is made up of nine players.=A t
26、eam consists of nine players.*The class is made up of fifty students.=The class consists of fifty students.*How many countries does the UK consist of?=How many countries is the UK made up of?所以，consist of 无被动态，也不能用进行时，而 make up 是及物的，它的被动形式是 be made up of。在用分词做定语时，consist of 用现在分词，be made up of 用过去分词
27、。*a team consisting of nine players=a team made up of nine players2.divide*The children are dividing the cake.*Lets divide the class into four groups.*The class is divided into four groups.*Lets divide the work between/among us.divideinto把分成divide sth. between/among sb.在某人中分某物separatefrom把和分开比较：*Ple
28、ase divide the apples into two parts.*Please separate the good apples from the bad ones.The apple was _ into two.We _the money equally.Oxygen can be _ from water.The Taiwan Strait _ Taiwan from Fujian.The two boys are fighting. Go and _ them.3.you find Wales included as well注意下列句中 include 正确形式的选用 :*
29、Many people were injured, including two children.= Many people were injured, two children included.*All of us laughed, including me.=All of us laughed, me included4.break away(from)A.突然挣脱或逃掉B.断绝往来，脱离，和决裂C.改掉 (习惯), 破除( 旧做法 )*The criminal broke away from the policeman who was holding him.*He tried to
30、break away from me.*The southern states wanted to break away from the union.*You should break away from these bad habits.break down 坏掉，垮掉*The engine broke down.*Our car broke down halfway*His health broken down.5.creditcredit card 信用卡*It takes 124 credits to graduate.(学分)to ones credit 值得赞扬的是，对某人有利的
31、是*It is greatly to your credit that you have passed such a difficult examination.6.the four countries do work together助动词 do/does/did 除用来构成否定句和疑问句外，还可用于肯定句或祈使句表示强调，译作 “的确，确实，务必 ”.*He does speak fluent English.*He did attend the lecture that day.*Do be quiet.7.for convenience 为方便起见*I keep my dictiona
32、ry near my desk for convenience.*The house has all modern conveniences.convenience food 方便食品convenience store 便利店convenient adj.方便的，便利的*When would it be convenient for you to begin?*Come whenever it is convenient to you.切记:convenient 不能以人作主语，如不能说 when you are convenient(当你方便的时候) ，而必须说 when it is con
33、venient to you.*Will Monday be convenient for you?*Lets meet at a convenient place.8.rough adj.*The surface is not smooth; its rough.(粗糙 )*Dont be so rough with him.(粗野)*Boxing is a rough sport.*The sea was rough.(波涛汹涌)*Its just a rough plan.(粗略的,大概的)roughly adv.粗略地，大致*Ill tell you roughly what I th
34、ink of it.*_ speaking, about 300 people attended the meeting.A. Generally B. Roughly C. Frankly9.Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, .those 可代替前面出现的特指的复数名词,如果是特指的单数名词，则用 that 代替。*The book on the desk is more interesting than that under the desk. *The books on the d
35、esk are more interesting than those under the desk.*The population in Shanghai is larger than that in Hangzhou.*The students in their class is cleverer than those in our class.10.leave out 遗漏，漏掉；删去*You made a spelling mistake you left out the letter t.*Your name is not in the list. Youve been left o
36、ut.*This sentence is useless, Leave it out.有时可解释“放在外面”*Dont leave your bike out at night.11.quarrel vi. n.争吵quarrel with sb. about sth.*They are quarreling now.*They are quarreling about money.*He sometimes quarrels with his brother.*What was the cause of their quarrel?12.alike adj.(只用作表语 )一个样子，模样相同
37、*He and his brother are exactly alike.*The two buildings are alike in size and shape.*All music is alike to him.*The two twins are so alike that I cant tell which is which.adv.同样地，一视同仁地*He treats everyone alike.*They are dressed alike.13.take the place of 代替，接替*Whos taking my place in my absence?*Pl
38、astics have taken the place of many materials.take place(vi.)举行，发生*Great changes have taken place in my hometown.*The wedding will take place next Saturday.14.fold vt.折叠，合拢(双手、翅膀等)*He folded the paper and put it into his pocket.*The blanket was folded up and put in the box.*The paper must be folded
39、in half.*The little child folded her hands in prayer.*A bird folds its wings.14.arrange A. arrange sth.安排*I will arrange everything.*I have arranged a car for you.*The meeting was arranged for May 10.B. arrange( for sb.) to do sth.安排*Martin arranged to meet him next week.*Ive arranged for a car to p
40、ick you up at the airport.C.整理*Please arrange the books on the desk.arrangement n.15.available adj.找得到 /买得到/可得到*The doctor is not available now.*The new product is available everywhere.*There are no tickets available for Fridays concert.16.delight vt.使高兴 n.高兴，喜悦*His performance delighted everyone.*H
41、is performance was delightful (delighting).*Everyone was delighted with his performance.*I have read your letter with delight.17.remain standing 仍然站着remain 可作系动词，可跟：*They remained good friends.(名词)*It remained a mystery how he died.*Most shops here remain open till midnight.(形容词 )*The door remained
42、closed.(过去分词)*The work remained unfinished.*They remained listening.(现在分词)*Whether it is good remains to be seen.(不定式被动)18.the man should have lived in LondonShould 此处表示 “竟然，居然 ”*It seems so unfair that this should happen to me.*It is strange that such near neighbors should not know one another.*I c
43、ant understand why he should have said this.Useful expressionsPrime Minister 首相for convenience 为方便起见be known as 作为而出名on the phone 在电话里on special occasions 在特殊场合in memory of 为纪念have a photo taken 拍照on show 在陈列中，在展出fall asleep 入睡UNIT 31.Below are some of the main aspects这是一句倒装句。表示地点的介词短语和副词在句首，句子常用倒装句
44、。例:*Here/Below are some of the examples.*In front of the building is a big tree.*On the wall hangs a beautiful picture.*Before us lies a bright future.*Before them lay a great hope.*Beyond the hill stands an ancient temple.2.aspect n.方面*We are considering the plan in all its aspects.*Its only one as
45、pect of the problem.3.take up this prize 接受这个奖*When did you drop medicine and take up physics?(开始学习某门课程)*I wont take up much of your time.(占用时间 )*The meeting took up the whole morning.*The table takes up too much room.(占用空间 )*Do you intend to take up his offer of a job?(接受)4. previous adj.前一；以前的*the
46、 previous year/month/day/morning,the previous page/lesson*His previous attitude towards it was wrong.5.guide vt.引导，指导；n.向导，导游; 指南*He guided me to the station.*He guided the lost tourist back to the hotel.*We set out with Tom acting as the guide.*You need a guide to show you around the city.*This is
47、a guide to the Palace Museum.guidance 指导6.some green tablets which helped a lothelp 和 work 一样,可作“有帮助,有用，有效果”解释*This medicine doesnt work/help.*Your advice works well/helps a lot.7.tolerate vt.忍受*I cant tolerate the loud noise.*How can you tolerate that rude fellow?表示“忍受 ”的还有 stand, bear, put up with
48、.8.lackA.vt.*I dont seem to lack anything.*What you lack is confidence.*He doesnt lack money.B.n.(和 of 连用)*For lack of money, they cant afford the big house.*The plants died because of (a) lack of water.*A lack of food caused her to become weak.9.I felt better in no time.in no time 立刻,马上*Ill be back
49、 in no time.in no time 不是否定词组，在句首时句子不能倒装，但 at no time (在任何时候都不，绝不)是否定词组，在句首时句子要倒装。*At no time should you give up hope.*At no time will I forgive him.10.press vt.按，挤；压*Press the button to start the engine.*These two pieces of paper will stick if you press them together.*He got the juice from grapes by pressing them.*When the car started
