1、第九章 倒装与强调概述：英语句子中各个组成部分的顺序一般是固定的，通常是主语在前，谓语在后，若谓语被移到主语的前面，这种现象称为倒装。倒装句可分为部分倒装和全部倒装两种。部分倒装仅将系动词、助动词、情态动词提前，如：Never shall I forget that day when I was admitted into the school. 完全倒装需要把谓语动词全部提前，如：Here is the map.在口语或书面表达中，我们有时需要将句子中的某一部分所传达的信息通过某种手段加以突出。这样的突出被强调部分的句子称为强调句。英语中，表示强调的方法一般有三种：位置的强调；用词强调；句型
2、强调。最常见和最常考的强调句型就是“It is/was+被强调的内容+that/who+其他成分 ”，例如：It was Jack who saved you yesterday.第一节 倒装一、 完全倒装1、 当 here, there, now, then, thus 等副词置于句首，谓语动词常用 be, come, go, lie, run 等表示来去或状态的动词时，需用完全倒装。例如：Here is your letter.There goes the bell!Now comes your turn.Then came the chairman.2、 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语（多
3、为介词短语）置于句首，其后通常用完全倒装。例如：Among them was my friend Jim.Around the lake are some tall trees.Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas.In the box were some cats.Out rushed the boy.3、 在某些表示祝愿的句型中用倒装。例如：Long live the solidarity of the people of the world! 世界人民大团结万岁!二、 部分倒装1、 虚拟语气中省略 if 时从句部分倒装。例如：Shoul
4、d I fail, I would try again.Had you come one minute later, you should have missed the train.2、 含否定意义的词（如 never, hardly, seldom, little, few, not until, not, not only, no sooner, no longer, nowwhere, by no means, no soonerthen, scarcelywhen, on no account, in no case, under no circumstances, at no ti
5、me 等）置于句首时，其后用部分倒装。例如：Never have I read such a book.Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.Only under such a condition can he make steady progress.注意：1） 当 not until 引出主从复合句时，主句倒装，从句不倒装。2） 如否定词在句首不倒装。例如：I have never seen such a performance.The monther didnt leave the room unti
6、l the child fell asleep.3)只有当 not onlybut also 连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的 not onlybut also 仅连接两个并列词语，则不用倒装结构。例如：Not only you but also I am fond of music.Not only had he read the book but he remember what he had read.典型例题：例 1、Why cant I smoke here?At no time_ in the meeting-room.A is smoking permit
7、ted B smoking is permittedC smoking is it permitted D does smoking permit例 2、Not until the early years of the 19th century_ what heat is.A man did know B man knowC didnt man know D did man know例 3、No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily.A the game began B has the game begunC did the game begin D ha
8、d the game begun3、用 so, neither, nor 这些表示“也” 、 “也不”位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。例如：Tom can speak French. So can Jack.If you wont go, neither will I.注意:当 so 引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为“的确如此” 。例如：Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.-Its raining hard.-So it is.典型例题：-Do you know Jim quarreled with his
9、 brother?-I didnt know,_.A nor dont I care B nor do I careC I dont care neither D I dont care also4、当“sothat” ， “suchthat”结构中的 so，such 在句首时常会引起部分倒装。同样 to such a degree, to such an extent, to such lengths, to such a point 等介词短语在句首时也要求句子部分倒装。例如：So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch
10、.So funny did he look that everyone stared at him.To such an extent were people excited that they celebrated throughout the night the success of Beijings bid for hosting the 2008s Olympic Games.5、only 加状语（副词 /介词短语/从句）放在句首时，其后用部分倒装。例如：Only then did they realize what a terrible thing had happened.Only
11、 in this way can you do it well.Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened.第二节 强调一、 It is/was +被强调部分 +that/who+其余部分。例如：最常用的强调句结构是 It is/was +被强调部分+that/who+其余部分。例如：原句：My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.强调主语：It was my father who did the experiment in the lab ye
12、sterday evening.强调宾语：It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening强调时间：It was yesterday evening that My father did the experiment in the lab.强调地点：It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening.注意：当被强调部分指人时，可以用 who 代 that；当被强调部分指物时通常用 that。注意：强调事物时，通常不易用
13、 which 来代that；另外，当强调时间或地点状语时，通常也不能用 when 和where 代替 that（尤其是当这些状语为介词短语时） 。典型例题：1、 It was last night_ I see the comet.A the time B when C that D which2、It is ten years_ Miss Green returned to Canada.A that B when C since D as二、其它强调形式1、用 if 来表示强调。例如：If he cant do it, I dont know who can.If Jim is a cow
14、ard, everybody is.If anyone knew the truth, it was Tom.If there is one thing he loves, it is money.2、 用助动词“do（does/did）+动词原形”来强调谓语。例如：She does like this horse.Please do take care of yourself.He does know the place well.Do write to me when you get there.3、 用形容词 very, only, single, such, last 等修饰名词或形容
15、词来加强语气。例如：Thats the very textbook we used last term.You are the only person has been in the shop this morning.Not a single person has been in the shop this morning.How dare you buy such expensive jewels.He is the last person I want to see in this world！4、 用 in the world, on earth, at all 等介词短语可以表达更强
16、的语气（常用疑问句） 。例如：Where in the world could he be?What on earth is it?Do you know at all?5、 用重复来表示强调。例如：He thought and thought, and suddenly he got a good idea.They walked for miles and miles.6、 用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气。例如：On the table were some flowers.Many a time have I climbed that hill.Only
17、in this way, can we solve this problem.第三节 倒装与强调历年真题解析1、 Not until the game had begun_at the sports ground.A had he arrived B would he have arrivedC did he arrive D should he have arrived2、Not until Mr. Smith came to China_what kind of country she is.A he knew B he didnt knowC did he know D he could
18、nt know3、Its only through practice_ one will be able to swim skillfully.A what B who C that D which4、I can hardly hear what he is saying, and_.A so can all the other people B nor can all the other peopleC so can hardly all the other people D nor all the other people can5、This is top-secret work. In
19、no circumstances_ reveal what you know.A you will B you can C do you D must you6、Not until many years later_know.A was the whole truth become B did the whole truth becomeC the whole truth become D the whole truth had become7、Not until this term_to realize how important this subject is to his future
20、career.A he began B he has begun C did he begun D that he has begun8、How long_?A you suppose did it last B do you suppose it lastedC did you suppose it last D you suppose it lasted第四节 练习1、 If my husband wont agree to sign the papers,_.A so will I B I will not also C neither I will D neither will I2、
21、_a certain doubt among the students as to the necessity of the work.A There existed B It existed C There had D They had3、All animals need air and_.A so plants do B so need plants C plants are so D so do plants4、No sooner had the bell rung_.A when the class began B than the class beganC while the cla
22、ss began D then the class began5、_when I heard someone knock at the door.A Hardly had I sat down B Hardly I had sat downC I hardly had sat down D I was hardly sitting down6、Only when he had handed in his exam paper, _he had made several grammatical mistakes.A would he realize B he realizedC has he r
23、ealized D did he realize7、_, it is quite easy to drill a hole in it with laser.A As diamond is hard B Although hard diamond isC Hard as diamond is D However diamond is hard8、Not until I shouted at the top of my voice,_his head.A that he turned B had he turnedC did he turn D that he had turned9、_the
24、first to use nuclear weapons.A At no time China will be B Never China will beC At no time will China be D Will China never be10、_that they fulfilled the plan ahead of schedule.A So fast they worked B So fast did they workC Because they worked so fast D So they worked fast11、_,I will learn it well.A
25、However difficult English is B No matter how difficult is EnglishC However English is difficult D No matter how English is difficult12、_no gravity, there would be no air around the earth.A If there was B Was there C If there had been D Were there13、The door opened and_a middle-aged man in a blue coa
26、t.A entered B there entered C in entered D entered then14、Under no circumstances_our car tomorrow.A they are borrowing B are they to borrowC they will borrow D could they be borrowing15、Look ， _in his usual white T-shirt.A Ronnie comes here B here comes RonnieC here Ronnie comes D comes here Ronnie1
27、6、_,he would have been able to pass the exam.A Had he studied more B Studying moreC If he studies more D Should he study more17、_received law degrees as today.A Never so many women have B Never have so many womenC Women so many have never D Women who have never18、He believed,_, that people should st
28、art as early as possible to look at the world and at nature and to think about what they saw.A as does his mother B as his mother doesC as did his mother D his mother as did19、_great was the destruction that the South took decades to recover.A Very B Too C So D Such20、_was his anger that his face turned red.A Such B Great C I t D So
