1、短文改错指导,对大家英语作业中的错误及历年高考“短文改错”题的分析发现，英语错误大致可归纳为以下七大类：冠词错用、相似词语的混淆、词类错误、搭配错误、语意逻辑错误、句子结构错误及实词形态错误。,一 、冠词错误 一是不定冠词和定冠词的选用错误；二是不定冠词 a极其变体 an 的误用；三是某些习语中冠词的误用。,Eg: 1. A few months ago, Michelle, an 18-year-old high school student, met “Superman 102”in a online chat room.,an,2. Michelle really enjoyed cha
2、tting with him. They got to know each other even better after they shared e-mail addresses. Slowly, Michelle began to like him as more than the friend.,a,3.He said in his blog that he was in the college.,二、相似词语的混淆 主要表现为词形、读音、词义相近的词的混淆。如：affect / effect / invent / discover / ago / before / late / lat
3、er / lately / receive / accept / too / either / every / each / all / both / forget / leave / ever / even等。,Eg:1. He said I would have to eat some medicine for two months and get plenty of rest,take,2. Four days late, Dr Martin Luther King organized a bus boycott.(抵制）,later,3. He gave a good imitatio
4、n of the speech and answered a little questions.,few,4.Not until the taxi got to my school did I realize I had forgot my wallet at home.,left,5. Years ago, she had chosen her family over her dreams.,before,6. To my surprise, the principal offered me the job immediately. I received it because I neede
5、d a job.,accepted,三、词类错误： 这类错误的根本原因是考生只知道英语单词的汉语释义，而没有记住单词的词性，如succeed / success; 另一种常见的词性错误是形容词和相应的副词的误用，如：successful / successfully.,1. eg: In one e-mail, Superman 102 told her his really name： Derrick Harris.,real,2. Thinking quickly, he said, “That question is so easily that Im going to let my d
6、river, who is sitting in the back, explain it!”,easy,3.The journey to the North Pole was both difficult and danger.,dangerous,四、搭配错误： 搭配类型主要有：名词、动词、形容词+介词;介词+名词；形容词+名词；副词+形容词。错误的第一种情况是单词搭配错误，另一种情况是缺少介词或使用了多余的介词。long for/full of/in pain/with joy/in favor of,Eg:1. Its very kind for you to help me with
7、 my English.,of,2.Michelle searched Derricks name online and found his blog.,for,3.But now, under her familys enthusiastic support, she has returned to her dream of becoming a world-class dancer.,with,五、语意逻辑错误： 这类错误主要是上下文中的指代错误，如用it / that指代复数名词，用 he 指代女性，用 either 指代三者中的一个等。,Eg:1.Once he nearly died
8、 when the ice below them began to melt.,him,2.A palmtree is planted every five metres on every side of the street.,either/each,3 Michelle searched for Derricks name online and found his blog. What she read really bothered him.,her,六、句子结构错误： 1.连词错误：第一种情况是并列句之间只用逗号，缺少连词；第二种情况是并列连词与从属连词并用，如：becauseso,
9、althoughbut 等；第三种情况是根据上下文语境，不能正确地选择恰当的连词。,Eg:(1).At the time, the law in many places in the South said African Americans had to give up their seats to white people so Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat.,but,(2).Parents, teachers or doctors are becoming very concerned.,and,2.动词句型错误：最常见的是动词句型中非谓语动
10、词形态的选择错误。,Eg:1. Read aloud is helpful in learning English.,Reading,2. After completed four years of maths courses, it was a time to find a job.,completing,3.Then ,as I dashed to the bus stop to catch my bus, I stepped on a banana peel, slipping and fell on my backside.,falling,4. But in 2007, while
11、listening to her granddaughter to play the piano, Chang started to dance again.,5. Seeing from space, the globe is covered with water.,seen,七、实词形态错误 1.“数”的错误：包括名词、代词的单复数错误以及修饰名词的数词的错误，还有主谓一致的错误。,Eg:1.They got to know each other even better after they shared e-mail address.,addresses,2.Many things on
12、 his blog was negative.,were,3.He was the only one in his office who were invited to the palace ball.,was,4.Yesterday I bought a pair of scissors and they was very sharp.,it,2.“格”的错误：主要是人称代词、关系代词的主格、宾格和所有格的误用，特别是形容词性和名词性物主代词的误用。,Eg:1.I am getting fed up with you complainment.,your,2. Many students h
13、ave achieved their goals,that is,they have been admitted by their ideal universities, of who ,Li Hua is an example.,whom,3. Last weekend I came across Wang Lin in a supermarket,who was a friend of Li Hua.,Li Huas,4. The vase which price is very high was made in Qing Dynasty.,whose,3.”时“的错误：,Eg:1.By
14、the time he realizes he walked into a trap, itll be too late for him to do anything about it.,has,2.-Have you known Dr. Jackon for a long time? -Yes, since she has joined the Chinese Society.,4.比较等级错误,Eg:1.Our school is more bigger than theirs.,much,2.Dont take too much of the medicine; it does you
15、much harm than good if you do.,more,3.- Do you have any idea what Paul does all day? -As I know, he spends at least as much time playing than he does writing.,as,SUMMARY,一、冠词的错误：错用、多用、少用 a/an/the,按小时,按重量,by the hour,by weight,二、相似词语的混淆：同义词、同形同音词的混用。,病人,sick man,三、词类错误：词性不分、混用。,Ill land you to Liverp
16、ool _.（安全地） He opened his eyes_ in surprise.（大大地）,safe,wide,四、搭配错误：,go in _ take sth._ granted take sth._surprise,for,for,by,effort/effect offer/attord,五、语意逻辑错误： people/children/police/clothes/glasses- a pair of glasses/gloves/scissors- sheep/deer-,they,it,it/they,六、句子结构错误：,连词错误、,非谓语动词形态的错误,七、实词形态错误
17、：,数的错误,格的错误,时的错误,比较等级的错误,I had a interesting dream last night. I dreamed that I took part in a race. At first, I could not to run very fast and fell behind. So I didnt lose heart and kept running. All the students on the playground cheer me on, “Come on!” I was so encouraged that I ran faster and fa
18、st,an,But,cheered,faster,Practice,till I caught up all the other runners. I felt as if fly like a superman. In the end, I got to the finishing line first. I won the race. I felt very proudly of myself. Many of my classmate threw me up into the air. Just at that time I woke up and found me still in b
19、ed!,with,proud,classmates,myself,flying,After shopping, Mother and I went to a restaurant for lunch. I notice Mother looking at a nearby table occupy by an elderly woman and young couple. They ate silently, and it was clearly that things were not going well. As we left, Mother stopped on their table
20、. “Excuse me,“ she said, put her arm around the unhappy old woman. “You remind me so many of my mother.,noticed/occupied/a/clear/at/putting/much,May I hug (拥抱) you?“ The woman smiled happily as she accepted to it.After we left, I said, “That was very nice of you, Mother. So I didnt think she looked like Grandma. “ “Neither did me,“ said Mother cheerfully.,But/I,
