1、1高三总复习（完成句子所涉及的语法及常见句式）语法部分：非谓语动词类：1. 作主语、宾语1) sb/sth be said/ believed/ known/reported/ considered/ found /thought/anounced/ expected to do /have done=It is acknowledged/ said/ believed/ known/ reported/ considered/ found/ thought/ announced/ expected thate.g English is acknowledged to be widely us
2、ed all over the world.= It is acknowledged that English is widely used all over the world.2) It is no use/good/not any use/ useless doinge.g Do you consider it any good repairing the truck again?3) It is of great(little) use/ value/ importance/ help/benefit/interest to do 4) ones doing/ones being do
3、ne +谓语= 其他e.g His coming late again annoyed his teacher.5) admit/appreciate/ avoid/ consider/ delay/ dislike/ enjoy/ feel like/ finish/ imagine/ keep/ mind/ practice/ resist/ risk/ suggest/ miss6) 分辨： try / remember/ forget/ mean/ regret /stop/ go on+ doing 与+to do 的区别：7) allow/ advise/ forbid/ perm
4、it/ recommended + doing与+ sb + to do 的区别8）sth require/ want/ need + doing (=to be done)9) sb have difficulty/ trouble/ fun/ a hard time/ a good time/ +(in) doing或 there be some difficulty/ trouble/ fun/ a hard time/ a good time + (in) doing10)How /What about + doing11)It is kind/ clever/ careless/ w
5、ise/ polite/ foolish + of sb to do12)It is necessary/ possible/ impossible/ important/ convenient/difficult for sb to do sth.13)sb find/ feel/ think/ consider/ make +it +形容词或名词+ (for sb) to do 或+ that 句子e.g This made it possible that we could spend our holidays in Paris.= This made it possible for u
6、s to spend our holidays in Paris.*注意非谓语动词部分的语态及时态：e.g 1) He apologized to us for his having broken the window.2) He is proud of his team being awarded the first prize.2. 作宾语补足语1）使役动词：make sb do; make oneself/ sb done;leave sb to do/done /doinghave sb do/ done/doingget sb to do/done/doingkeep sb doin
7、g/ done2) 感官动词：see /notice/ watch/ observe /find/ hear sb do/doing/done被动结构：be seen/noticed/ watched/ observed/ found/ heard to do/ doing/ done其他：catch/ send/ get sb doing ; leave /keep/ find/make sb/sth +形容词./ 介词短语等e.g：keep /leave the door open ; find himself in the hospital; make China what she is
8、 today3. 作定语 1) The bridge to be built next year is in front of my house.;The bridge being built now is in front of my houseThe bridge built last year is in front of my house The bridge going across the river is in front of my house2) Please give him a knife to cut with There is nothing to worry abo
9、ut. He needs a room to live in. There are only five rooms left to live in. 4. 作状语1)动词不定式表目的、结果等I came here to/ in order to/ so as to see him.He hurried back, only to find his house broken into.He is not old enough to go to school.He is too old to do that.2) 分词表时间、条件、原因、伴随、方式,结果等。Not having been warn
10、ed of danger, they 2stepped into the cave.Given a chance, I can surprise the world.He didnt work hard, thus failing the exam.He came in, followed by his students.3) 独立主格结构：Weather permitting, well play golf this afternoon.There being no bus, we had to walk.He was lying on the ground, his eyes lookin
11、g straight upward.4) with 复合结构 With nothing taken home, the boy was afraid to face his step father. With time going on, they have become good friends. With Mary to help , he is sure to succeed. 虚拟语气类：1) 表条件用于状语：(倒装形式或含蓄式)Were I in school again, I would work harder.Had you been here earlier, you woul
12、d do well now.Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.Without air, there would be no living things.But for your help, I couldnt have done it.Were it not for your help, I couldnt do it.Had it not been for your help, I couldnt have done it.If only I knew the answer!If only I hadnt lost it!2)
13、用于宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句：sb. suggest(advise/recommend/propose/demand/ require/desire/order/request/insist) that sb (should) do /be done 作 advice; suggestion; order; request; demand; proposal 等名词的表语从句或主语从句，谓语动词用(should)+do/be done.e.g We all agree to his suggestion that the plan (should) be carried out
14、 in no time. 用于主语从句:a. It is necessary/natural/ important/ strange/ surprising/ a pity/a shame/ that sb (should) dob. It is desired /suggested/ ordered/ advised/ recommended/requested/ required that sb (should )do.3) 用于定语从句：It is(high) time (that) sb should do / sb did.e.g It is (high) time (that) w
15、e were going. / should be going.4) 用于状语从句：He speaks as if/ as though he knew everything.He speaks as if/ as though he had studied English in America.情态动词类： 1）ought to/should have done; oughtnt/shouldnt have doneneed have done; neednt have donecould have done; couldnt have donemight have done; would
16、like to have done3) would rather do/ not do 4) would rather sb did/ had done5）表推测 a.肯定 must (could/ may/might) do/ be doing/ have doneb.否定 cant/(couldnt/may not/might not ) do /be doing/ have donec.疑问 Can / Could do/ be doing/ have done?动词时态、语态类典型句式及结构：1） 表愿望、打算一类词，其过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或意愿：hope; expect;
17、 mean; intend; think; suppose; wante.g I had thought that he would be in time for the interview, but in fact he didnt make it.I had meant to help you, but I was too busy at that moment.2) 固定的句式：时态：This is/ It is the first time (that) sb have done;This/It was the second time that sb had doneIt has be
18、en/ is +时间段+since + sb didIt will/wont be/ take+时间段+before sb do sthIt was(took)/ wasnt (didnt take)+时间段+ before sb did He was about to go out when it began to rain. He was on the point of calling her when she 3turned up at the meeting. He was working on the physics problem when the light went out.
19、Hardly/ Scarcely had he got home when the rain poured down. No sooner had he seated himself at the desk than the teacher came in. They hadnt walked for a mile when they were warned of danger ahead. They had just finished their work when he broke in.语态：主动形式表被动意义He is the only man to blame. / Who is t
20、o blame?The machine runs well./ Class begins at eight.(此类词：read; feel; write; wear; wash; open)Your sentence doesnt sound right./His words proved (to be) right. (系动词类)His telephone number is easy to remember. (sb/ sth +be +形容词+to do)The room wants/needs/ requires cleaning/ to be cleaned.从句类：1） 主语从句：
21、It is possible/probable/ likely/certain that sb doIt is said/ reported/thought/ expected/ announced/ believed/decided that sb do=sb is said/reported / thought /expected/believed to doIt seems/happens/appears +that 句子It occurred to/ hit/ stuck/ came to me that he was away on business.It makes no diff
22、erence /doesnt matter/ matter much whether he will come or not.Does it matter much when he will come here?2) 宾语从句：He took it for granted that she would accept his flowers.You may depend on it that they will support you.We have made it clear that he will not give in.We owe it to you that I have made
23、such great progress in English.We will see to it that every victim in this Wenchuan Earthquake should be well taken care of. I dont think /believe/ suppose/expect/imagine he is right.（否定前移）What do you think/believe/suppose/expect/imagine /consider /guess he will say?I doubt if/whether he will win th
24、e game.I dont doubt that he will win the game. Do you doubt that he will win the game?3) 状语从句：时间 : when, as ,while, before, after, since, until, 一 就: hardlywhen; no soonerthan; as soon as; the moment; the minute; the instant; instantly; immediately; directly ; soon /shortly/immediately +after 句子(或 d
25、oing)( 介词短语：on/upon doing, sb at the thought /sound/sight of 一想/看/听到)原因 : because ; since; now that; as; 地点： where, wherever条件： if; unless; so(as) long as 只要; on condition that; 让步： though; although; while; whereas; no matter + how/when/who= however/whenever/ whoever ; whetheror 及：Try as he may, he
26、never seems able to do the work well.Child as he is, he dares to walk alone in the street at night.结果： so that(以致); sothat（如此 以致）; . 目的： so that; in order that; in case;(以免；以防)方式： as if; as though; 比较： asas; not as(so) as ; than; the more , the more; The harder we work, the greater progress we can m
27、ake.5) 定语从句：All that can be done has been done.In the dark street, there wasnt a single person to whom she would turn for help. 4He lives in a house whose window/of which the window/ the window of which faces the sea.As has been expected, the England team won the football match.He came late again, w
28、hich annoyed his teacher.He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, most of which hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.6) 同位语从句分辨：The fact that she hasnt known the result of the examination is clear.The fact (that/which) she told me yesterday is of great importance.句式部分：1） 倒装： In came a girl he
29、had never seen before. 比较：The door opened and in she came. Such are the facts; no one can deny them. Lying on the floor was a boy aged about 17. /Seated on the ground are a group of young people/ Gone are the days when we suffered from hunger. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get ha
30、ppily back to work Little does he realize how important this meeting is. Not until I read your letter did I understand the true state of affairs. So moved was she that she could not say a word. Should it rain tomorrow, we would put off the sports meet. Child though/ as he is, he knows a lot.2） 强调： W
31、ho was it that broke the window? I dont understand why it is that smoking is not allowed here. It was not until he told me the truth that I knew what had happened.3） 感叹句： What fun it is to go hiking in summer! How difficult the task is! How he hated the his boss who treats his employees unfairly!4)
32、祈使句： Make a move, and Ill shoot. = If you make a move, Ill shoot . Go away, or I will call the police.= If you dont go away, I will call the police.5) there be 句型 There are plenty of interesting places to visit. There must be no time wasted. There will be more than three hundred scientists attending
33、 the meeting . There +情态动词+bee.g There must / cant / should /used to be many fires in that factory. There +系动词+ to bee.g There happen /seem/ appear to be nobody in the room. There stands (lived, lies, exists)+ 主语e.g There stands a big tree on the top of the mountain.There lies a lake in the west of
34、the park. There goes(comes, enters, appears, follows) + 主语e.g There came many visitors at our school last Sunday.There goes the bell. There is+no need /time/ chance(for sb) to do e.g There is no chance for me to talk with him. There is no doubt that There is no use/ point/ sense (in) doing“做某事没用或没有意
35、义”。 There is no doing “不可能;无法; 没有办法”e.g There is no knowing how long he might be away.There is no joking about such matters.6) 形容词三级常见句型：原级： as adj as/ not so(as) adj ase.g Some stones in the Pyramid weigh as much as 15 tons.This test is not so/ as difficult as that one.5 the same (n) ase.g China is
36、 no longer the same country as it used to be. times as +adj .as e.g The new bridge being built will be three times as long as the old one. times the size of e.g Your bag is three times the size of mine. as +adj / adv. as possible = as +adj/ adv. sb can / could 尽可能怎样地e.g Ill tell you the results as s
37、oon as possible. 比较级：be times +adj(er) thanYour bag is three times larger than mine. be +adj(er) than any other + n (单数)Japan has a larger population than any country in Africa.China has a lager population than any other country in the world. be +adj(er) than any of the other+ n (复数)Tom is taller th
38、an any of the students in his class. be +adj (er) than anybody(anything) else in (of)Tom is taller than anybody else in his class. the +adj(er) of the two(n)Mr Wang is the more experienced of the two engineers in the company. be (get; turn; become) +adj(er) and adj(er)Beijing is becoming more and mo
39、re beautiful and prosperous. The+ adj(er). ,the adi(er)The higher one aims, the faster he develops his talents and the more he contributes to society.最高级： Canada is the second largest country in the world. Of all the novels that Ive ever read, I enjoy this one the most.7) it 的几个易混句型： It is/ has been
40、 +时间段+ since + sb did It will (wont) be (take) + 时间段+ before + sb do It was(wasnt) / took( didnt take) + 时间段+ before + sb did It was +时间点+when +sb did（时间状语从句）e.g It was five oclock when I saw him. It is/ was +时间状语 +that + 句子（强调句型）e.g It was at five oclock that I saw him. It wasnt until that 直到才其他：1）
41、 There is some/ much /great/ little/no difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth2） What /How about doing sth?3） be/ get/become used /accustomed to sth/doing sth4） 除了干外别无选择； 不得不have no choice/alternative but to do /can do nothing but do/ cant (help) but do/There is nothing we can do but do sth5) 禁不住干某事cant h
42、elp /resist doing6) chance 的句型：The chance is that= Chances are that. 能; 大概是e.g The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking. There is a chance that There are chances that /There is a chance of sb doing sth可能7) before sb could do /did 还没来得及就; 以后才; 不等就She hung up the telephone before I
43、could answer it.They came to a small village before they knew /realized it.不知不觉就来到了一个小村。操练：1）_( 还不得而知) whether it will do us good or harm. (it; remain)2) Do you consider _( 有益处) cut down trees just for wood. (benefit)3)He _(被相信已任命为)ambassador to the France.( believe)4)We are looking forward to the 2
44、9th Olympic Games _（2008 年在北京举办）6（hold）5) At the very beginning ,he was not aware of the difficulty _(他向这家公司申请这份工作). ( apply)6) _（什么使之成为可能） that nobody in this village died in the terrible earthquake? (it)7）I am terribly sorry for _(让你等这么长的时间). (keep)8) The man _（被当场抓住偷一位妇女的钱包）was taken to the polic
45、e station. ( catch)9) Here are the boys _(经常看见在一起踢足球) (see)10)Please lend me a pen _（写封信）.( write)11)He rose and stood on the bench _(为了让别人看见他). (as; himself)12)When _（问到他一个星期不抽烟是否能行） ，he nodded his head.（go）13)Deeply_(被他的一席话打动了) ，we accepted his donation.(move)14)_(没有承认打破了玻璃) ，he felt guilty. (brea
46、k)15)There_(没旅馆), we had to leave the town. (hotel)16)_( 有这么多人捐助)，a new Wenchuan County will stand where it was. (with)17)_(要不是救援队) ，the little girl wouldnt been rescued without delay. (for)18) I would have met him that day, but I _(忙于拆房子). (engaged)19)_(万一下雨)tomorrow, we would put off the sports me
47、et. (rain)20)_(要是你早点来), I would do better now.(come)21)It is desired that he _( 被武汉大学录取).(admit)22) He reminded us that it was high time that _(我们该和主人道别了)（say ）23)You nearly failed to say a single word in his presence, but actually you _（本不必要这么紧张）(nervous )24)Noticing the smile on his face, I dare say that he _(肯定通过考试了)(pass)25)I _( 原计划去郊游 )，but I was asked to have an extra class on Sunday. (plan)26)She _
