1、专题二 代词语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点 -2-高考感悟 考点归纳 .单句 语法 填空1.(2018全国 卷 )If you are time poor,you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give it a try. 2.(2018全国 卷 )When the gorillas and I frightened each other,I was just glad to find them(they)
2、alive.3.(2018浙江卷 )Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out. 4.(2017浙江卷 )“She thought I had hurt myself (I),” says Pahlsson.语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点 -3-高考感悟 考点归纳 .单句改错1.(2018全国 卷 )They(My parents) would say to us t
3、hat playing card games would help my brain.us me2.(2018全国 卷 )I had done myself homework,but I was shy.myself my/the3.(2017全国 卷 )Mr.and Mrs.Zhang all work in our school.all both4.(2017全国 卷 ) This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.your my语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩
4、固核心考点 -4-高考感悟 考点归纳考点一 人称代词、物主代词和反身 代词语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点 -5-高考感悟 考点归纳注意 形容词性物主代词通常用作定语 ,修饰名词。如 :her father她的父亲 “of(介词 )+名词性物主代词 (或名词所有格 )”构成双重所有格。如 :a friend of mine我的一个朋友语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点 -6-高考感悟 考点归纳考点二 it的用法1.指代时间、距离、自然现象等。It is half past two now.(指时间 )It is 6 miles to the nearest
5、 hospital.(指距离 )It is very cold in the room.(指温度 )2.指代前面所提到过的事物、群体、想法、性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人或动物、未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。Whos that at the door? It is the milkman.(it指代性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人 )Ive broken a plate. It(=Breaking the plate) doesnt matter.(it指前面所提到过的事情 )语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点 -7-高考感悟 考点归纳3.it可以用作形式主语或形式宾语
6、,而把从句、动词 -ing形式和不定式充当的真正的主语或宾语放在后面。It is said that all of them have gone to the cinema.No matter where he is,he makes it a rule to go out for a walk before breakfast.4.enjoy,like,love,dislike,hate,dont mind,be fond of,feel like,see to等动词 (短语 )后面的宾语从句前要加 it。I hate it that you leave the door open.我讨厌你
7、把门开着。5.用于某些固定结构。如 make it;get it;see to it that;put it。How shall I put it?我该怎么说呢 ?语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点 -8-高考感悟 考点归纳考点三 替代词 it,one,ones,the one,the ones,that,those1.it特指上文所提到的同一事物 ,它所代替的名词常由 the,this,that等修饰。 one泛指上文提到的同类事物中的一个 ,不特指 ,相当于“a/an+单数名词 ”;ones泛指上文提到的同类事物的复数名词 ;the one特指前面的可数名词单数 ,有时可
8、以用 that来代替 (尤其是后面有后置定语时 );the ones特指上文提到的复数名词 ,有时可以用 those代替 ,尤其在有后置定语的情况下。 that特指前面出现的单数名词或不可数名词 ,相当于 “the+可数名词单数 /不可数名词 ”;that 的复数形式为 those,替代可数名词复数 ,既可指人也可指物 。语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点 -9-高考感悟 考点归纳Yesterday I lost my pen and I couldnt find it.So I had to buy one.(it指代 my pen;one替代 a pen)The book
9、s on the desk are better than those/the ones under the desk.(those/the ones替代 the books)No pleasure can equal that of a cool drink on a hot day.(that替代pleasure)语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点 -10-高考感悟 考点归纳2.that和 one的主要区别that既可替代可数名词单数 ,也可替代不可数名词 ,常有后置定语 ,一般不指人 ,复数形式为 those;one只能替代可数名词单数 ,复数形式为 ones。当可数名
10、词前有形容词修饰时 ,只能用 one,不用 that。当 of短语做可数名词单数的后置定语时 ,用 that,不用 one。The quality of education in this small school is better than that in some larger schools.(that替代 the quality of education)If youre buying todays paper from the stand,could you get one for me?(one替代 a paper 一份报纸 )语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点
11、 -11-高考感悟 考点归纳考点四 指示代词指示代词是用来指代或标记人或事物的代词 ,有this,that,these,those。 this,that是单数 ,these,those是复数。指示代词可以在句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语等。I want this book,not that book.I like these and he like those.The weather in Shanghai is not so cold as that in Beijing.语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点 -12-高考感悟 考点归纳考点五 all,both,either,n
12、either,each和 none1.both(两者都 ),either(两者中的任何一个 ),neither(两者都不 )。以上这些词的使用范围为两者。John and Mary have both won the prizes.The research group produced two reports based on the survey,but neither contained any useful suggestions.Ive lived in New York and Chicago,but dont like either of them very much.2.both
13、与复数名词连用 ,either与单数名词连用。There are flowers on both sides of the street.There are flowers on either side of the street.语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点 -13-高考感悟 考点归纳3.all(所有的 ,全部的人或物 ),any(任何一个 ),none(都不 )。以上词的使用范围均为三者或三者以上。All the students in my class like our teachers.Although Rosemary had suffered from a
14、serious illness for years,she lost none of her enthusiasm for life.4.each可指两者 ,也可指两者以上。They each have a car.语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点 -14-高考感悟 考点归纳考点六 no,none,nobody和 nothing1.no不能单独使用 ,相当于 not a或 not any,做定语修饰可数名词或不可数名词。He has no worry about safety.2.none既可以指人 ,也可以指物 ,侧重指三者或三者以上的人或物 ,可与介词 of连用 ,用于
15、回答 how many/much引导的疑问句。How many people are there in the room? None.语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点 -15-高考感悟 考点归纳3.nobody指人 ,用于回答 who引导的疑问句 ;nothing指物 ,用于回答what引导的疑问句。The meeting will be held in September,but nobody knows the date for sure.What are you doing? Nothing.语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点 -16-高考感悟 考点
16、归纳考点七 another,other,the other和 others1.another既可以单独使用 ,也可以用于单数名词前 ,泛指三者或三者以上中的 “另外一个人或物 ”。还可以用于 “another+数词 +复数名词 ”中 ,表示 “再 ,又 ”。Recycling is one way to protect the environment;reusing is another.You have to wait for another three weeks.2.other 可用作形容词 ,意思为 “别的 ,其他的 ”,泛指 “其他的 (人或物)”。You can ask other
17、 people to help you.3.the other指两个人或物中的 “另一个 ”,不能用 another,此时 other为代词。The old man has two sons.One is a teacher;the other is a doctor.语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点 -17-高考感悟 考点归纳4.the other 后可接可数名词单数也可接可数名词复数 ,不接不可数名词。此时 other为形容词。On the other side of the street,there is a tall tree.He is taller than t
18、he other students in his class.5.others 是 other的复数形式 ,泛指 “另外几个 ;其他的 ”。 others表示复数意义 ,相当于 “other+复数名词 ”,但不能做定语 ;the others相当于“the other+复数名词 ”,指剩下的全部。Two students in our class failed,but all the others passed the exam.语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点 -18-高考感悟 考点归纳考点八 复合不定代词everyone/everybody意为 “每个人 ”;someo
19、ne/somebody意为 “某人 ,有人 ”,其特殊含义是 “有价值的人或者重要的人 ”;anybody意为 “任何人 ,无论谁 ”;nobody意为 “没有人 ,无人 ,谁也不 ”,还可指 “无名之辈”。everything意为 “每件事 ,所有事物 ”;something意为 “某事 /物 ”,其特殊含义是 “大致 左右 ,有价值的或者重要的事物 ”;anything意为 “任何事物 ”;nothing意为 “没有 ;无关紧要的事物 ”。语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点 -19-高考感悟 考点归纳Somebody has parked his car right in
20、 front of mine.He was such a fast talker that nobody could understand him.Have you figured out how much the trip will cost?$4,000,or something like that.A smile costs nothing,but gives much.常见搭配 :nothing but只不过anything but绝不 ;根本不something of有点儿 ; 在某种程度上是nothing to do with和 没关系for nothing免费 ;白白地 ;白费
21、;无缘无故地语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点 -20-高考感悟 考点归纳考点九 部分否定与全部否定all,both,everyone,everybody,everything以及 “every+名词 ”都表示全部肯定。none,no one,nobody,nothing,neither,not any以及 “no+名词 ”均表示全部否定 ;但当 not 与表示全部肯定的不定代词连用时 ,不管 not的位置在其前还是其后 ,都表示部分否定。None of them smoke.No words can express my anger.Such a person cant b
22、e found everywhere.(部分否定 )Not all the students have read the book.(部分否定 )语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固随堂巩固 -21- .单句填空1.The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than that on the small ones.2.Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him,but neither of them wants to,because they have
23、work to do.3.Susan made it clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. 4.In some countries,people eat with chopsticks,while in others,knives and forks.语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固随堂巩固 -22- 5.Id appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come. 6.Its an either-
24、or situationwe can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do both.7.Shed lived in London and Manchester but she liked neither and moved to Cambridge.8.At our factory there are a few machines similar to those described in this magazine.9.When he took his gloves off,I noticed that
25、 each one had his name written inside.10.I prefer the large box to the small one.语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固随堂巩固 -23- .单句改错1.John,my Spanish teacher,said,“Take easy;it is just a small quiz.”在 easy前加 it2.Some of the houses have bathrooms but much do not.much many3.It was the first time he felt he had achi
26、eved something by him.him himself4.Mrs.Zhang,who is our new teacher,is so concerned about us that we are all fond of him.him her5.China is bigger than any others country in Asia.others other语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固随堂巩固 -24- .语法 填空Emily sits by her desk.She studies for an exam.Actually,she forces 1.her
27、self to study for that exam,since what she really wants to do is go outside and play soccer!Her friend Kelly is by her window.She throws a little stone at it and then calls,“Is there 2.anybody/anyone home?”“Yes,I am here!” Emily answers.“This is so unfair!I want to be outside with 3.you and not here
28、 with these boring booklets(小册子 )!”“Whatever you are doing with those boring booklets,you should come out and play with us!”Kelly calls back.语法专题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固随堂巩固 -25- “I cant do 4.that,” Emily says sadly.“This exam of 5.mine is tomorrow,so now I need to study for it.” She takes the stone that
29、Kelly threw in,and sends it flying outside.Then she closes the window.She knows that everybody else has studied already,and now 6.all of them are playing outside.“Well,” she thinks to herself,“it is my test,and I myself have to study for it.I know that Kelly wants to help me,but not this time.We can
30、 help 7.each other with other things.”She takes another look at her two booklets.She tries to read a page of the first booklet,and then a page of the 8.other.Both are boring.“ 9.Neither of you is interesting!” she tells them seriously.“What can I do?” she thinks to herself.“I really have enough!”语法专
31、题突破 专题二 代词核心考点 随堂巩固随堂巩固 -26- Suddenly,a great idea comes to her mind.“I know!” she thinks.“Ill make a drawing of everything I read!I like to draw,and drawings will make it interesting!”She grabs her pencil and happily begins to draw.More and more is drawn on her notebook,and after two hours she fini
32、shes her booklets.She is tired but happy,and she can finally go out to play.“Where is 10.everybody/everyone?” she asks herself.Emily notices it is dark already.“I guess they all went home.”Suddenly her doorbell rings.Kelly and the rest of her friends are there.They are all tired and they want to watch a movie together.Emily is very happy.She can now enjoy a movie with her friends!
