1、大学体验英语综合教程 2第三版 unit1 famous universitiesExperiencing English integrated coursebookListen and TalkKey:1. dating; 2. coast; 3. eastern; 4. where; 5. earn; 6. surrounded; 7. atmosphere; 8. undergraduate ; 9. name; 10. ApartmentPassage A译文牛津大学是英国最古老的大学，也是世界最著名的高等学府之一。牛津大学始建于 12世纪。它位于英格兰的牛津，在伦敦西北约 80公里处
2、。牛津大学有 16 300多名学生（ 1999 2000），其中留学生占将近四分之一，来自 130多个国家。牛津大学有 35个学院，还有 5个由不同宗教团体建立的私立学院。5 个私立学院中，有 3个只招男生。学院中，圣希尔达和萨默维尔学院只收女生，其他均为男女兼收。牛津的每个学院都是独立于大学的实体，由该学院的院长和管委会成员负责管理。大部分管委会成员都被称为“导师”，或学院教师，其余的是大学教授和讲师。每个学院管理自己的房产和资产，选举自己的管委会，选择和招收自己的本科生。大学提供一些图书馆、实验室及其他设施，但教学和学生生活主要由各学院负责。牛津大学给每个学生指定一个导师，他主要通过辅导课
3、监督学生的学习。辅导课是指导师每周与 1到 2名学生见面一次。学生如需专业指导，还可约见其他的导师，也可选听大学老师讲授的课程。学生选听什么课程是根据自己的兴趣和导师的建议而定的。学位由大学而不是各个学院授予。最低文科或理科学位是优等文学学士。牛津还在其他众多学科领域授予更高的学位、文凭和证书罗兹奖学金面向美国、加拿大和很多其他国家的学生，为他们提供至少两年的牛津学习费用。英国政府为在牛津和其他英国境内的大学求学的美国公民提供“马歇尔奖学金”。然而，奖学金和助学金的竞争极其激烈，而且通常要求很严。学生们在申请某一项奖学金之前应仔细核查自己是否有资格，因为多数奖学金对学生国籍和（或）课程都有限制
4、。牛津师生员工积极参与主动招生的活动，2001 年这种活动有 55项以上，包括走访 3 700所中学和学院，以鼓励优秀学生报考牛津大学，而不管其背景如何。在 2001年度的“创新”竞赛中，牛津大学被授予英国最具创新精神的大学称号。该竞赛旨 在发现哪一所英国大学在最广的活动领域内取得了创新和进取的最大成就。在 2000年全英“教 学质量评估”中，牛津在所评估的 10个学科中有 6个得分高居榜首。牛津、斯坦福和耶鲁 3所大学最近合作开发了“远程学习”项目 “终生学习联盟”，该项目将提供文科和理科的在线课程。牛津的使命是在教学和研究的各个领域达到并保持领先地位；保持和加强其世界名校的历 史地位；通过
5、其研究成果和毕业生的技能促进地区、国家的和全球的发展。为了实现这个目标，学校将针对知识环境和整个社会发展的需要，为员工提供进行创新研究所需的设施和支持；提倡既富革新精神又严格认真的教学，使教学与研究环境卓有成效地互动从而推动教学，通过辅导课指导和小组学习加速思想的交流，通过开发学校图书馆、博物馆以及科学收藏方面的资源，为毕业生能在国内和国际上一展身手打下基础。Read and think 2 Work with your partner and answer the following questions.1. How many international students are study
6、ing at Oxford?Answer: About 4 000 international students are studying at Oxford. 2. What does a tutor do?Answer: A tutor supervises the students course of study and meets with them every week. 3. Are good students often granted a scholarship? Why or why not?Answer: Not necessarily. Because most of t
7、he scholarships are restricted to certain nationalities and/or courses. 4. Why did the students and staff visit more than 3 700 schools and colleges in 2001?Answer: They visited those schools in order to encourage the brightest and best students to apply to Oxford. 5. Would you like to study at Oxfo
8、rd University if you have an opportunity? List as many reasons as you can think of. Answer : Open. 3. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage. 1. Each college at Oxford is independent of the university and is managed by its own head and fellows. 2.
9、The students from the United States, Canada and many other countries can apply for Marshall Scholarships to study at Oxford University. 3. The students should make sure that they are qualified for a particular scholarship before making an application. 4. The joint “distance learning” venture by Oxfo
10、rd, Stanford and Yale Universities only provides online courses for science students. 5. In order to fulfill its aim, the university provides the faculty members with the facilities and supports them to pursue innovative researchAnwser: 1.T, 2.F, 3.T, 4.F, 5.TRead and complete 3. Fill in the blanks
11、with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. pursue responsibility grant equip restrictdistinct minimum exploit award elect1. The group elected one of its members to be their spokesperson. 2. Wage increases are being kept to a(n) minimum in many companies because of the economic depr
12、ession. 3. The engineering profession now has many distinct branches. 4. Now that youre 13 you should have more sense of responsibility . 5. Students usually pursue one or more of the subjects, which they have studied at “A” level, such as Art, Drama, English, Music, etc. 6. We need to make sure tha
13、t we exploit our resources as fully as possible. 7. Congress is considering measures to restrict the sale of cigarettes. 8. College courses should be designed to equip students with knowledge and skills to help them survive in modern society. 9. The local government granted $1.1 million so that the
14、old theater could be taken down and rebuilt. 10. For his achievement in the medical field, the Mayor awarded him a medal of merit. Read and complete 5. Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage.Change the form where necessary.1. The organization provides informati
15、on on health issues to the public at large.2.On the basis of what the Minister says, we will learn whether the Governments thinking has advanced.3. Id like to say a word or two in support of his proposal.4. In response to your advertisement in the Bedfordshire Reporter, I am writing to apply for the
16、 post of secretary.5. Our company is aiming at a 50% increase in production this year.6. Consult a dictionary for the usage of the following words and make a sentence with each of them.1. challenging Answer: At the meeting, the scholars raised some challenging questions for the city government. 2. j
17、oint Answer: She had taken the money out of the joint account she had with her husband. 3.range Answer :They will be given a range of topics to choose from. 4. specialized Answer: To do this kind of experiment needs specialized equipment. 5. venture Answer: Learning to drive was a whole new venture
18、for me.Read and translate 7. Translate the following sentences into English.1. 任何年满 18 岁的人都有资格投票。(be eligible to, vote)Answer: Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote. 2. 每学期开学前，这些奖学金的申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(apply for, scholarship)Answer: A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the univers
19、ity to every student before the start of every semester. 3. 遵照医生的建议，我决定戒烟。(on the advice of)Answer: On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking. 4. 公园位于县城的正中央。(be located in)Answer: The park is located right in the center of town. 5. 这所大学提供了我们所需的所有材料和设备。(facilities) Answer :The universi
20、ty provides all the materials and facilities we desire. Read and simulate 8 . Read and compare the English sentences, paying attention to their italicized parts, and then translate the Chinese sentences by simulating the structure of the English sentencesAnswer:1 Lu Xun is one of the greatest writer
21、s in China and one of the worlds outstanding men of letters.2 Most graduate students chose literature as their fi eld of study, and the rest made linguistics their choice.3 People buy what kind of houses to live in on the basis of their special needs and on the advice of relevant experts4. These vir
22、tual teaching facilities enable overseas students from Asia and Africa to learn a foreign language in a real-life situation for a minimum of three months5 Students should check carefully that they are eligible to join this club before making their decision, as each of them is restricted to only one
23、choice. Write about it10 Reference KeyAt Oxford, the university and its individual colleges have different roles to play. Basically, the colleges select their own undergraduate students and take primary responsibility for the students tutorial teaching and well-being. They also provide accommodation
24、s, meals, and other care for their students. As for the University, it provides a wide range of resources for teaching and learning in the form of libraries, laboratories, and other facilities. In addition, the University selects and supervises graduate students, and awards degrees in a wide variety
25、 of subjects.Passage BPassage BRead the Text: A Once-in-a-Lifetime JourneyThink About It:1. Do you think college education is a once-in-a-lifetime journey?Answer:Yes. To most of us students, it is a once-in-a-lifetime journey, so we should cherish the time we spend in college and make good use of al
26、l the possible educational resources to broaden our horizons and cultivate life and career development skills.2. Who have supported you on your road to college?Answer:My parents. In China, and in the world in general, it is the parents who support their children on their road to college. But many st
27、udents also support themselves by applying for a scholarship or taking a part-time job to earn the tuition.3. How did you start your college journey? Answer:Open.译文：各位家长、转校生、 2015 届的同学们：下午好！欢迎来到斯坦福大学。今天，我们欢迎1709 名新生及 47 名转校生的到来。我相信，在你们为这一天的到来做准备时，一定曾花费过一些时间来仔细考虑你们在本科教育阶段要追求的目标。如今我们生活在一个伟大变革的时代。科学领域的
28、新发现使我们疗人类疾病的途径有了突破性进展，也在挑战我们去面对深刻而复杂的伦理问题。我们给环境造成的变化 从全球变暖到各种动植物种群的减少乃至灭绝 迫使我们要面对这样一个问题：我们将如何建立一种可持续生存的模式。世界各地发生的种种冲突事件提醒我们，我们是在与拥有不同信仰、希望和文化的各个民族分享一个小小的星球，理解和尊重他们的企盼和历史对建立一个对大家都会更加美好的世界来说将至关重要你们既然已经接受邀请同意成为这所大学的一员，我想大家都会在问同一个问题： “怎样才能充分利用我的大学时光？ ”基于我三十四年作为斯坦福一员的体验，我可以向各位提出以下几点建议。我的第一个建议是：去了解学校的老师们。
29、他们选择了追求学术生涯，因为他们对研究学问充满激情并希望与他人分享知识。我们有一支非凡的教师队伍，你们要去了解他们，去探求他们为什么对学术追求充满激情。在接下来的几年中，你们要结识的同学，他们的背景、文化或信仰会与你们有很大的差异。你们可能会发现，你们的价值观 还有你们的偏见 会受到挑战。我希望你们能对我们所处的这个多元社会有全新的理解和认识，找到建设性的途径去为世界做贡献。有机会向你们的同学学习，这是斯坦福教育的重要组成部分。你们所选择就读的大学，不仅是一个出色的教育机构，也是一个卓越的研究机构。我鼓励你们好好利用这个条件。要选修和参与学校开设的课程和学术研讨，去探索那些正在促使知识和认识得
30、到创新的科技前沿领域。对我而言，作为一个本科生有机会去参与科学研究，曾引导我从电气工程专业转向了攻读计算机科学硕士专业，点燃了我要站在发现前沿的激情。这股激情伴随我攻读完博士学位，甚至在斯坦福任教三十多年后的今天，它依然让我激动不已。站在发现的前沿，参与新知识的创造，这是一个具有重大意义的经历，足以改变一个人的人生轨迹你们即将开始在斯坦福的学习生涯并为要在这里度过的四年光阴做出规划。我衷心希望你们铭记这一点：本科阶段的教育是一生的基础。这是绝无仅有的旅程。它远不只是让你获取第一份工作的门票。这是一个培养你成为终身学习者所需技能和热情的机遇，这种技能和热情无论在你将来的事业领域还是其他领域都是需
31、要的。在座的各位家长，我向你们保证，斯坦福大学会在未来几年中为同学们提供成长和学习的各种机会。但是这将取决于你们孩子自己的选择，选择能令他们兴奋的事物，选择能激发他们求知激情并能发挥他们的聪明才智的领域。我希望你们能支持他们的选择。我欢迎所有的新生和家长们来到斯坦福大家庭。同学们，我希望你们将在这里度过的时光会改变你们的人生，已经有那么多的校友在这里改变了他们的人生。最后，我希望你们在这里度过的时光将有助于为你们打下一个基础，使你们能够不仅为自己也为后代建设一个更加美好的未来做出贡献Read and think 11. Work with your partner and answer the
32、 following questions.1. What was the critical question the speaker thinks the new students must have contemplated as they prepared for the day of starting their college life?Answer:They must have contemplated what they are searching for in their undergraduate education. 2. What kind of environmental
33、 challenge does the speaker think our planet is facing and what model of existence it should build?Answer:Our planet is facing the challenges from global warming to the reduction and extinction of various flora and fauna, and a model for sustainable existence is urgently needed to be built. 3. What
34、does the president encourage the students to do to take advantage of the university as a great research institution?Answer:He encourages the students to take courses and attend seminars that explore the areas where new knowledge and understanding are being discovered. 4. How does the president assur
35、e the parents of the education their children will obtain at Stanford?Answer:He assures them that Stanford would afford the students various opportunities to grow and to learn during the next few years. 5. What enlightenment have you gained from the presidents speech?Answer:Open12 Anwser: 1.C, 2.D,
36、3.B, 4.C, 5.D13 Anwser: 1.challenge, 2.engage, 3.prejudice, 4.constructive, 5.had transformed, 6.urged, 7.foundation, 8.sustained, 9.critical, 10.generated 14 Anwser: 1.take advantage of, 2.contributed to, 3.was based on, 4.share with, 5.participate inRead and translate 15. Translate the following s
37、entences into English.1. 他们花了多年的时间寻找内心的平静，但是收效甚微。(search for)Answer:They spent many years searching for peace of mind, but with little success. 2. 这种新药的成功研制已经使许多疾病的治疗发生了根本性的变革。(revolutionize)Answer:The successful development of the new drug has revolutionized the treatment of many diseases. 3. 由于这个国
38、家的经济不景气，这家公司濒于破产。(on the edge of)Answer:The company is on the edge of bankruptcy due to the economic depression in the country. 4. 大学毕业后他成为了一名护士。他认为护士这一职业可能很有发展前途。(rewarding)Answer:He became a nurse after college. He thought nursing could be a very rewarding career. 5. 他像往常一样在文件上签了名。(just as) Answer:He signed his name on the paper just as he has always done it.Reading Skills Practice16 Answer:Eugene ONeill is a great Amer ican playwright. He brought new techniques to the American theater and produced a large number of works, many of which were based on his life experiences.
