1、 知人善教 培养品质 引发成长动力 性别 男 年级 初三 学科 英语上课时间 第（ ）次课共（ ）次课 课时：2 课时一、 课前摸底练习1.Thank you for invitation. I am looking forward to that party.（14 冠词）A. a B. an C. The2._ 2013 Guangzhou Reading Month was started on Mar. 30th.(13 冠词)A. A B. An C. The3.You can do lots of things in a science museum, but you obey
2、the rules.（14 情态动词）A. can B. may C. have to4.Lets get a bite to eat. I bet you _ be starving.（13 情态动词）A. cant B. must C. Need5. seriously ill the poor old monkey is!（14 感叹句）A. How B. What a C. What6. _ terrible the school bus accident was!（13 感叹句）A. How B. What C. What a7.We lost the way in the fore
3、st, and we didnt know_(13 宾语从句)A.where we get back B. when did we get back C. how we could get back8. Could you tell me _ during Earth Hour on Mar. 31st this year？（13 宾语从句）A. where were you B. what you are doing C. who you stayed with9.People _ smoke in a public place may have to pay 500 yuan as a p
4、unishment（13 定语从句）A. what B. who C. which10.Foshan is a city_ has a very long history.（12 定语从句）A. whose B. which C. W 知人善教 培养品质 引发成长动力 二、语法讲解冠词冠词分为不定冠词（a, an） ，定冠词（the） ，和零冠词。 1. 不定冠词的用法： 1).指一类人或事，相当于 a kind of .A plane is a machine that can fly. 2).第一次提及某人某物，非特指. A boy is waiting for you. 3).表示 “每
5、一” 相当于 every one. We study eight hours a day. 4).表示 “相同” 相当于 the same .We are nearly of an age. 5).用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事。 A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were out .That boy is rather a Lei Feng. 6).用于固定词组中 A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time 7)用于 q
6、uite, rather, many, half, what, such 之后。 This room is rather a big one. 8).用于 so(as, too, how)+形容词之后 She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet. 2. 定冠词的用法： 1）.表示某一类人或物 The horse is a useful animal. 2).用于世上独一无二的事物名词前 the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean 3).表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事 Would you min
7、d opening the door? 4).用于乐器前面 play the violin, play the guitar 5).用于形容词和分词前表示一类人 the reach, the living, the wounded 6).表示 “一家人” 或“夫妇” the Greens, the Wangs 7).用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前 He is the taller of the two children. 8).用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前 the United States, the Communist Party of China, the Frenc
8、h 9).用于表示发明物的单数名词前 The compass was invented in China. 知人善教 培养品质 引发成长动力 10).在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代 in the 1990s 11).用于表示单位的名词前 I hired the car by the hour. 12).用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时间的词组前 He patted me on the shoulder. 3. 零冠词的用法： 1).专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前 Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air 2).名词前有
9、this, my, whose, some, no, each, every 等限制 I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this? 3).季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前 March, Sunday, National Day, spring 4).表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前 Lincoln was made President of America. 5).学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前 He likes playing football/chess. 6).与 by 连用表示交通工具的名词前 by train, by ai
10、r, by land 7).以 and 连接的两个相对的名词并用时 husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night 8).表示泛指的复数名词前 Horses are useful animals.冠词练习1Does Jim have _ ruler？ Yes，he has _ Aan；some Ba ；one Ca； Dany；one2There is _ old bike _ old bike is Mr ZhaosAan ；The Bthe；An Ca；The Dthe ；The3 _ apple a day keeps the doctor
11、s aw ayAThe B A CAn DTwo4How many books do you have？I have _ book Thats _ English bookAa；an Ba ；one Cone；an Done ；one5At that time Tom was _ one-year-old babyAa B an Cthe D 知人善教 培养品质 引发成长动力 6 _ tiger is _ ChinaAThe；a BA；the CThe；from DThe；the7We cant see _ sun at _ night Athe；the Bthe ； C a ； D；8 _
12、useful book it is！AWhat an B How a CWhat a DWhat9One afternoon he found _ handbagThere was _ “s”on the corner of _ handbagAa；an；the B a；a；the Can ；an；an D the；a ；a10 _ old lady with white hair spoke _ English well at _ meetingAAn；an； a BThe；an CThe；a DThe；the11 _ Great Wall is _ longest wall in the
13、worldAA；a BThe；the CA；the DThe；a12 _ new bridge has been built over Huangpu RiverAThe；a BA； C A；the DAn；the13 _ woman over there is _ popular teacher in our schoolAA；an BThe；a CThe；the DA；the14He used to be _ teacher but later he turned _ writerAa；a Ba ；the C；a Da；15They made him _ kingAa B the C an
14、 D16His father is _ English teacherHe works in our schoolAa B an Cthe D17Is he _ American boy ？Aan B a Cone D18Does Tom often play _ football after _ school？A； B；the Cthe； Da ；19They passed our school _ day before yesterdayAan B one C a Dthe20Australia is _ English-speaking countryAa B an Cthe D21Sh
15、e has _ orange skirt _ skirt is niceAa；The Ban；The Can；A Dthe ；The22This is _ appleIts _ big appleAan；a Ba ；the Ca；an Dan ；the23Look at _ horse over thereAa B an Cthe D 知人善教 培养品质 引发成长动力 24Dont play _ basketball hereIts dangerousAa B an C Dthe25There is _ old woman in the carA Bthe Ca Dan26Beijing is
16、 _ beautiful cityIts _ capital of ChinaAa；a Bthe ；the C；the Da；the27Shanghai is in _ east of ChinaA Ban Ca Dthe28Ive been a student there for nearly two and _ half yearsAa B an Cthe D29-Bill is _ English teacher-He likes playing _ footballAa；the Ban ；the Ca； Dan；30The museum is quite farIt will take
17、 you half _ hour to get there by _ busAan； Ban ；a Ca； D；情态动词情态动词有具体的词义，但也同助动词一样，需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语，另外情态动词没有人称和数的变化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形。考点一：can，may，must 等情态动词在陈述句中的用法：1. can 的用法（能，可能，可以吗）：1）.表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为“能、会” ，即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力，此时 may 和 must 均不可代替它。如：She can swim fast, but I cant . 2）.表示许可，常在口语中。如：You
18、 can use my dictionary. 3）.表示推测，意为“ 可能 ”，常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时 cant 译为“不可能” 。2. could 的用法：1）.can 的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的能力。如：He could write poems when he was 10. 2）. could 在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时 could 没有过去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favour?Could I use your pen?Yes, you can.（注意回答）3. may 的用法（可以吗，可能）：1）.表示请求、许可，比 can 正式，如：
19、May I borrow your bike? You may go home now.2) .表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“可能，或许” ，一般用于肯定句中。 知人善教 培养品质 引发成长动力 如：It may rain tomorrow . She may be at home.3) .may 的过去式为 might，表示推测时。可能性低于 may。如：He is away from school. He might be sick.4) . 表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿” 。通常是用 may +主+V 例如：May you have a good time. May you be
20、happy! May you succeed！4. must 的用法（一定，必须）：1).must 表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定” 。如：You must stay here until I come back. Must I hand in my homework right now?2)其否定形式 mustnt 表示“一定不要” “千万别” “禁止,不许”. 如：You mustnt play with fire. You mustnt be late.3)对 must 引导的疑问句，肯定回答为 must，否定回答为 neednt 或 dont have to .如： Must I fi
21、nish my homework?No, you neednt.4)must 表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。如: The light is on, so he must be at home now.5. need 的用法：1).need 表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，其否定形式为 neednt，意为“没有必要，不必”。用 need 提问时，肯定回答为 must，否定回答为 neednt 或 dont have to。如： Need I stay here any longer?Yes, you must .No. you neednt /dont have to.2).need
22、还可以作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，如果是人作主语后边多接动词不定式。如：I need to do it right now. 如果是物作主语，一般用 need doing 与 need to be done 这种情况下应注意两点：(1)主动形式的动名词 doing 具有被动的含义；(2)该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。例如：. The door needs painting. = The door needs to be painted. 7. shall 的用法：shall 表示征求对方意见（多用于第一、三人称） ，如：Shall we go out fo
23、r a walk?8. should 的用法：1).should 意为“ 应该” ，可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。如：We should protect the environment.2)Should have done 表示对过去动作的责备、批评。如：You should have finished your homework.9. will 的用法：will 表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多种人称。如：I will help you if Im free this afternoon.10. had better 的用法：had better 意为 “最好”，没有人称的变化，后面接不带
24、to 的不定式，其否定形式为：had better not。如：We had better go now.考点二：含有情态动词的疑问句的回答:1.对 may 引出的问句，可以有下列回答方式：Yes,you may. Yes, of course. Yes, certainly. Sure . No, you mustnt. No, you cant.2.对 must 引出的疑问句，回答方式为：Yes, must. No, neednt/ dont have to.3.could 在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时 could 没有过去式的意思。如:Could you do me a 知人善教
25、培养品质 引发成长动力 favour?Could I use your pen?Yes, you can.（注意回答）4. shall 引出的疑问句用于第一人称，表示征求对方意见或客气的请求。其回答方式有以下几种：Yes, please. All right. No, thank you.5.would you的回答方式有以下几种： Yes, I will. (No, I wont.) Sure . (Im sorry , I cant.) All right/ OK/ With pleasure. Certainly. (No, thank you .) Yes, please.考点三:不同
26、情态动词的否定意义也不同：1.1）.cant 可译为 “不会”，如：I cant play basketball.2）.当句子表推测时，用 cant 表达不可能，如：He cant be ill. He is playing chess with Tom.3）.cant 还可用来回答 “ May I ? ”这样的问句。如：May I come in ? No, you mustnt. / cant.4）.cant 还可用于固定习语中。cant help doing 禁不住，情不自禁 cant wait to do something 迫不及待地要做2. may 的否定式为 may not，译成
27、“ 可能不”，如：He may not be at home.3. 1）.mustnt 表示不许，不可。如：He mustnt leave his room.2) .mustnt 也可用于以 may 表示要求时的否定回答中。如： May I stand here?No, you mustnt (cant).4. 1）.neednt 意为“不必”。如：You neednt meet him unless youd like to.2）.neednt + have+动词的过去分词，表不需要完成但已完成的动作，暗含时间或精力上的浪费。如：You neednt have bought it.你没必要买
28、它（但你却买了） 。5. shouldnt 表示不应该。如：You shouldnt feel so unhappy over such little things.情态动词练习1. - Where is Mary? - She _ in the library.A. should be B. must be C. can be 2. His room is dark. He must _ to bed.A. go B. be going C. have gone 3. “Will your father stay home tonight?” “Im not sure, He _to wor
29、k.”A. must go B. can go C. may be gone D. may be going4. “I think Helen is at home.”“ No, she _ be at home, for she phoned me from the airport just five minutes ago.”A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant 5. “ _ he be watching TV now?” Yes, he _ be watching TV now.” No, he _ be watching TV now.”A. Must; can; m
30、ustnt B. Can; must; cant C. Must; must; cant D. Can; can; mustnt6. You must be a writer, _ you? 知人善教 培养品质 引发成长动力 A. mustnt B. are C. must D. arent7. You must have seen her yesterday, _ you?A. mustnt B. havent C. didnt D. dont8. You must have seen her, _ you?A. havent B. didnt C. dont D. A or B9. “Mu
31、st he do it?” “No, he _.”A. mustnt B. neednt C. doesnt have to D. B or C10. “Need you go now?” “Yes, I _.” “No, I _.”A. need; neednt B. must; neednt C. may; mustnt D. can; neednt11. “May I borrow your bike?” “No, you _.”A. mustnt B. may not C. had better not D. cant12. I missed the last bus, so I _
32、go home on foot.A. must B. have to C. may D. had to13. We _ hurry if we want to arrive in time.A. must B. need C. may D. have to14. My brother _ be very naughty, and my sister _ like reading.A. used to; would B. would; used to C. used to; used to D. would; would15. _ we set off now?A. Shall B. Will
33、C. Would D. ought16. “_ he open the window?” Yes, please.”A. Does B. will C. Shall D. Would感叹句感叹句巧解：感叹句要看后面，即看 形容词 后的东东，1) 若 形容词 后紧跟可数名词单数，就用 what a/an；是不可数名词或可数名词复数，只用 what。2）若 形容词 后后紧跟 a/an/the/my/your/this/that/Toms 等等乱七八糟的东西，想都不用想，直接用how 就 OK 了。如：例句 1：What a good boy he is! 他是个多么好的男孩啊！/ 形容词 单数名词
34、例句 2：What good boys they are! 他们是多么好的男孩啊！/ 形容词 复数名词例句 3：What cold weather it is! 多么冷的天气啊！/ 形容词 不可数名词 知人善教 培养品质 引发成长动力 例句 4：How good the boy is! 这男孩多好啊！/ 形容词 乱糟糟 若没有形容词，而出现副词或是句子，直接用 how.例：How well he plays the guitar! 他吉他弹得多好啊！/副词 （what 不可以修饰副词，看到副词直接用 how）How time flies! How fast Liu Xiang runs打油诗一
35、首: 感叹句往后看形容词 后是名单就用 what a 或 what an形后若是不可数或名复数只用 what 就可以形容词后乱糟糟只写 how 就 OK 了感叹句练习1. _ fast the boy ran!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an2. _ well you sing but _ badly he dances!A. How, how B. What, whatC. How, what D. What, how3. _ delicious the soup is! Id like some more.A. How B. How an C. Wha
36、t D. What an 4. _ fools they were! They believed what the man said. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an5. _ foolish they were! They believed what the man said.A. How B. How an C. What D. What an6. _ difficult questions they are! I cant answer them.A. How B. How an C. What D. What an7. I miss my frie
37、nd very much. _ I want to see her!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an8. _ lovely weather we are having these days!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an9. _ beautiful your new dress is! 知人善教 培养品质 引发成长动力 A. How B. How an C. What D. What an10. _ interesting work it is to teach children! A. How B. How an
38、C. What D. What an定语从句1.定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。 如：1).The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) .You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的 man 和 everything 是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词 that, which, who(宾格 whom, 所有格 whose)和关系副词where, when、why 关
39、系词常有三个作用：（1）引导定语从句 （2）代替先行词 （3）在定语从句中担当一个成分 2.关系代词引导的定语从句 1).who 指人，在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2). whom 指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.注意：关系代词 whom 在口语和非正式语体中常用 who 代替，可省略。
40、(2)The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3). which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语) 4). that 指人时，相当于 who 或者 whom；指物时，相当于 which。 在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (1)The peopl
41、e that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语) (2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语) 5). whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose 指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3)The classroom whose door is broken
42、 will soon be repaired. =The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (4)Do you like the book whose color is yellow? 知人善教 培养品质 引发成长动力 =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 注意： 1.关系代词引导定语从句时，可作主语、宾语、定语等句子成分。如： 代替人 代替物 代替人或物 主语 who which that 宾语 whomwho which that 定语
43、 whose （of whom） whose（ of which） 1).This is the doctor who came from London. 2).The book which/that I am reading is written by Thomas Hardy. 3).The desk whose leg is broken is very old. 4).This is the room thatwhich Shakespeare was born in. 2使用关系代词时应注意以下几点： 1).如果先行词是 all， anything， something， nothing， everything， little， none 等不定代词，关系代词一般只用 that，不用 which。 例如：All that are present burst into tears. 2） 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及 first，last，any，only，few，much，no，some，very 等词修饰，关系代词常用 that， 不用 which。 例如：The first lesson that I learned w
