1、 1必修三 module4 I. ReviewII. presentation_沙尘暴（n） _大量的；大规模的（adj） _战役；活动（n）_吓人的；可怕的（adj）_恐惧的；害怕的（adj）_使惊吓；吓唬(v)_沙漠（n）_沙漠化（n） _二氧化碳_进程；过程（n）_处理；加工（v）_预报；预告（vt ） _力量；力气 _大气；大气层_环境（n）_环境的（adj） _融化（vi）_污染（vt） _污染（n） _重新利用；再循环（v）_关心的；担忧的（adj） _根据；证明（n）_主要的；多数的（adj）_大多数（n）_紧急的（adj） _抱怨；发牢骚（vi） _绝对地1. 重点句型1The
2、 storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust _.暴风有时持续一整天，车辆开得很慢，因为浓浓的尘埃降低了能见度。2To _ it _ nearer, the government is planting trees.为了阻止它来得更近，政府正在植树。3. The garbage is then taken away and, _，recycled.然后垃圾被带走，如果可能的话会进行回收利用。4_ seven ideas, ask another pair to he
3、lp you.若你很难找到七种想法，就让别的小组帮帮你。2. I couldnt agree with you more.我再同意你的观点不过了。(1)表示同意的表达法常见的有：Certainly. /Sure. /Of course. 当然可以。 No problem.没问题。单词记忆王Language pointsA mailman carries out his deliveries with a cat companion. 一位邮递员带着猫咪同伴一起出门送快递。Companion kmpnjn n. 同伴；朋友；指南；手册vt. 陪伴2Yes，I think so.对，我认为是这样。
4、 Thats a good idea! 是个好主意。I agree(with you)我同意(你的意见)。 Exactly. 正是。(2)表示不同意的看法的表达法常见的有：No way.没门。 Of course not.当然不。I dont agree.我不同意。 I dont think so.我不这么想。Im afraid not.恐怕不是。Why not have a new machine designed?_.Ill have someone do it soon.AI dont think so BIm not sureCIts up to you DSounds like a
5、good idea3. 动词不定式(1)不定式作主语，主要表示具体动作，即在某时某地要做的动作，有时也可像doing 形式作主语一样，表示泛指。(2)有些动词后只能跟不定式形式作宾语：afford, promise, refuse, expect, hope, learn, offer, wish, fail, plan, agree, decide, manage, arrange, determine, desire等。下列动词后可接疑问词不定式：teach, decide, wonder, show, learn, forget, ask, find out, advise, discu
6、ss等。(3)作复合谓语的一部分用于be said/reported/known等不定式结构用于seem/appear/prove/tend等不定式结构用于be likely/certain/sure 不定式结构(4)作宾语补足语不定式作宾补与宾语之间在逻辑上含主谓关系时，不定式用主动式。有动宾关系时，不定式则用被动式。可以接带to的不定式作宾补的动词有： ask, tell, order, command, beg, request, require, invite, force, cause, forbid, get, allow, permit, wish, want, expect,
7、encourage, advise, persuade, warn, would like, wait for, long for, plan for(安排)等。注意：hope, demand, suggest，agree之后不接不定式作宾补。在think, consider, believe, suppose, know, feel, find, understand, declare等动词后常接to be形容词结构作宾补，但是在consider sb./sth. to be adj./n.中的to be可以省略。能接省略to的不定式作宾补的动词有： see, hear, listen to
8、, watch, notice, look at, feel, observe等感官动词以及使役动词make, let, have。但当上述动词用于被动语态时，其后要带上 to。(5)作定语不定式能作后置定语，但不能作前置定语。它与被修饰的名词或代词在逻辑上既可是主谓关系，也可是动宾关系，还可以表示时间、地点、方式等。不定式作定语，常用来表示将来的动作或含情态意味的动作。被修饰的名词之前如有序数词，则通常用不定式作后置定语。不定式作定语通常放在名词或代词之后。作定语的不定式如为不及物动词，且与前面的名词或代词在逻辑上含动宾关系，此时不定式之后要加上相应的介词。不定式作定语，如与其前名词或代词在
9、逻辑上含动宾关系，则不定式通常需用被动式；但如果不定式既与其前某一名词或代词在逻辑上含动宾关系，又与其前另一名词或代词在逻辑上含有主谓关系，则不3定式用主动式。(6)作状语不定式可以作目的状语、结果状语及原因状语和方式状语。在下列句式中作结果状语：too.to do, so.as to do., such. to do, enough to do., come to do.(逐渐)，only to do.在下列句式中作目的状语：so as to do., in order to do.在表示人的“情绪”的形容词之后作原因状语：sb. be glad/surprised/pleased/happ
10、y/sorry/disappointed等to do.在下列形容词之后作方式状语：be comfortable to live in, be easy to deal with, be fit to drink, be difficult to understand注意：在这种句式中，即当不定式位于表语形容词之后时，尽管不定式与其前某一名词或代词在逻辑上含动宾关系，但不定式只用主动式，而不用被动式。(7)不定式的完成式表示不定式中动词发生的动作先于主句的谓语动词发出的动作。The novel was said to have been published.据说那部小说已出版了。seem, ap
11、pear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported等动词常用于上面句型。此外，glad, happy, satisfied, sorry, surprised, disappointed后也接完成式，但要注意与一般式的区别。Im sorry to keep you waiting for a minute.对不起，请稍等。 (说话时还未等)Im sorry to have kept you waiting.对不起，让你久等了。(说话时已等了很久)不定式的完成式还可表示“过去本想做某事但未做”的虚拟
12、语气。ashould like to/would like to/would love to不定式的完成式。bwas/were to不定式的完成式，表示“该做某事或想做但未实现”。cexpect/hope/mean/promise/suppose/think/want/wish/intend/plan不定式的完成式，表示“过去未曾实现的愿望”。(8)不定式的省略同一结构并列，由and或or连接。I want to finish my homework and go home.我想完成作业后回家。Im really puzzled what to think or say.我非常困惑，不知该想什
13、么或说什么。特例：To be or not to be, this is a question. 生存还是灭亡，这是个问题。It is better to laugh than to cry.(表示对比) 笑比哭好。不定式作表语，其前面的主语从句中含有实义动词do时，后面的to省略。What he did was lose the game.他能做的只有放弃比赛。句中含有动词 do 时，but, except, besides, such as 等后面 to 可省略。即“前有 do，后省略 to”。Dont do anything silly, such as marry him.不要做像嫁给
14、他这样的傻事。主句含有不定式，后面有rather than, rather than后省略to。Why not, had better, would rather, cant but等词后省略to。He could not but walk home.他没有别的选择，只好步行回家。4(9)不定式的替代多用在同一句或联系紧密的对话中，为了避免重复，作宾语或主补，宾补的不定式再次出现时，to后的内容常承前省略(只保留to即可)。但如果承前省略的不定式有助动词have或be任何形式，后应该保留原形be或have。Susan is not what she used to be.苏珊是跟以前不一样了。
15、You came late last night. You ought to have finished your homework.I know I ought to have.昨晚你来晚了。你本应该完成你的作业。我知道我应该完成。常见的有：Id like/love/be happy to。注意：非谓语动词的用法是高中阶段的又一个难点，内容较多，但一定要掌握这样几方面：一是非谓语动词的形式，包括一般式和完成式及其它们的被动形式和否定形式；二是非谓语动词所能充当的成分。在平时阅读和练习中要注意体会它们在语境中的用法。语法：but不定式(1)在nothing but.结构中，若 but前有实义动
16、词do, but后的动词要用原形；若but前没有实义动词do, but后要用to do不定式。(2)在 cant but.(禁不住，情不自禁) 和 cant help/choose but.(只能)结构中，but 后要用动词原形。活学巧练：1Linda was very sorry for being late. But the teachers smile made her _ better.A. feel B. to feel C. fall D. to fall2He is often listened _ English songs, but this time we had him
17、_ Russian songs.A. to sing; sing B. to sing; to sing C. sing; to sing D. sing; sing3Im sorry I cant help _ the flowers, because Im busy preparing for the singing competition _ tomorrow.A. watering; to be held B. water; being held C. to water; held D. water; to be held4Charles did what he could _ the
18、 servant, although he himself was in danger.A. rescue B. to rescue C. rescued D. rescuing5Is this the watch you wish _？A. to have repaired B. to repair it C. to have it repaired D. to have repaired it6My mother could do nothing but _ at home.A. to be staying B. to stay C. to staying D. stayIII.Pract
19、ice1. We are invited to a party _ in our club next Friday.A. to be held B. held C. being held D. holding2How can I apply for an online course? Just fill out this form and we _ what we can do for you.A. see B. are seeing C. have seen D. will see53_ the project in time, the staff were working at weeke
20、nds.A. Completing B. Having completed C. To have completed D. To complete4Could you be so kind as to close the window? _.A. With pleasure B. Go ahead C. Yes, please D. Thats OK5All the dishes in this menu, _ otherwise stated, will serve two to three people.A. as B. if C. though D. unless6He said tha
21、t very clearly so that nobody was in any _ about what was meant.A. doubt B. case C. question D. wonder7Im still working on my project. Oh, youll miss the deadline. Time is _.A. running out B. going out C. giving out D. losing out8Did the book give the information you needed? Yes. But _ it, I had to
22、read the entire book.A. to find B. find C. to be finding D. finding9Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?Yes._，Im going to visit some homes for the old in the city.AIf ever B If busy CIf anything DIf possible过关时间：20min 满分： 10 分 得分：I believe that my country, Poland, is a perfect e
23、xample for a place where food is particularly important. When we were little children, we began to understand how much a loaf of bread meant to our parentsto some it 过关测试6might sound silly but for me the custom of kissing bread before you started cutting it was simply amazing. Its not so common nowa
24、days to treat food that way, since you hardly ever bake your own bread. Besides, everyone would call you crazy if you tried to kiss every bread roll before you ate them! But though we no longer make our food from scratch (起点), some customs have been kept-thats why I feel so sorry every time I have t
25、o throw any food awayeven though I no longer live with my parents and nobody would blame me for this anymore!Many people of our nation are still working as farmers, eating what they grow and harvest and therefore enjoying everything more. Its widely known that you value more anything that needs your
26、 effort in the first place. In most homes in Poland, especially those of farmers, the whole family would try and have their meals together-extremely difficult now, but so rewarding (值得) ! You can share other members troubles and successes, give your children some attention, or just sit down for a mo
27、ment instead of rushing through life aimlessly. Furthermore, your body, and stomach in particular will be very grateful (感激) for such a time! In Poland, a wedding, Christmas or even a birthday is celebrated with a great meal. Women in the house get together and cook, sometimes for a few days before
28、the event, and the extremely good or unusual food will be remembered and widely talked about.You cannot over-value the importance of food in the country. Whats more, almost everyone in Poland will be as interested in the topic as I am.56. When the writer was a child, he / she _. A. found people were
29、 crazy about bread B. began to realize the importance of foodC. thought that cutting bread was amazing D. learned people hardly baked their own bread57. The writer feels very sorry when he/she has to throw away any food because .A. he/she makes food from scratch B. his/her parents would blame him/he
30、rC. some customs still have effect on him/her D. many people are still working hard as farmers58. From the text, we can learn that, in Poland, _. A. most meals can be interesting topics for a long time B. the whole family often have meals together nowadaysC. its common for women to get together to c
31、ook for a few daysD. family members can know more. about each other by having meals togetherIts fourteen years since I left the Philippines to live with my family in the USA. A month ago, while on summer vacation back in my motherland, I learned a lesson from mosquito (蚊子) bites. Right before 36 Ken
32、nedy Airport in New York, my grandma 37 me of the behavior of the native mosquitoes around the 38 like me. She said, “Theres an old sayingthe 39 you stay away from the motherland, the sweeter your blood 40 to the mosquitoes.” Not 41 it, I replied, “Grandma, thats just an old wives tale!” 牛刀小试7Well,
33、less than a week 42 my arrival in Manila, I was already carpeted with a 43 of mosquito bites. I took many measures to keep myself from being 44 , but they all proved useless.Late one 45 in my cousins home, I couldnt bear the 46 of the bites. Hoping to find some comfort, I 47 my cousin, who was sleep
34、ing peacefully in the bed next to mine. Unhappy for being 48 she said, “There is nothing you can do. Go back to sleep. “With a few turns, she slept again. Enviously (妒嫉地) 49 her sleep, I hoped a big mosquito would 50 on her face. However, the mosquitoes would just lightly dance around her forehead a
35、nd fly away quickly, never biting her. Amazed (惊奇的), I ran to others 51 , only to find they were all sleeping 52 as the same thing occurred again and again.From those bites, I came to 53 my grandmas silly tale. From then on, Ive always tried to keep a(n) 54 mind about those strange old wives tales 5
36、5 they do have some truth to them.36. A. leaving B. passing C. visiting D. finding37. A. persuaded B. reminded C. warned D. informed38. A. students B. foreigners C. passengers D. visitors39. A. earlier B. longer C. sooner D. later40. A. grows B. goes C. flows D. remains41. A. expecting B. understand
37、ing C. recognizing D. believing42. A. after B. before C. when D. as43. A. shade B. pile C. cloud D. blanket44. A. touched B. bitten C. defeated D. discovered45. A. morning B. afternoon C. evening D. night46. A. noise B. hit C. pain D. effect47. A. woke up B. shouted at C. looked for D. dropped on48.
38、 A. blamed B. interrupted C. moved D. frightened49. A. having B. watching C. making D. helping50. A. land B. fly C. fall D. wait51. A. houses B. flats C. rooms D. homes52. A. joyfully B. anxiously C. soundlessly D. worriedly53. A. tell B. know C. remember D. accept54. A. open B. active C. clear D. honest55. A. and B. so C. because D. until
