1、（一）名词名词单数变复数的规则：1、 一般情况下直接在词尾加 s ，如：boy-boys2、 以 s，x，sh ，ch 结尾的，在词尾加 es。如： glass-glasses bus-buses box- boxes dish-dishes sandwich sandwiches3、 以 o 结尾的加 es hero-heroes tomato tomatoes potato-potatoes其余以 o 结尾的加 s， 如：photo- photos 4、 以 f 或 fe 结尾的，变 f，fe 为 v ，再加 es 。如：shelf-shel ves5、 单复数同形，死性不改。fish-f
2、ish sheep-sheep Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese6、 辅音字母加 y 结尾，变 y 为 i，再加 es。如： baby-babies lady-ladies family-families7、 不规则A. 把 a 变成 e。如：man-m en woman-women policeman-policemenB. 把 oo 变成 ee。如： foot-feet goose-geese tooth-teethC. 不规则：mouse- mice child-children练习：写出下列单词的复数形式。1. boy _ 2. child _ 3.
3、baby _4. shelf _ 5. man _ 6. woman _7. bus _ 8.box _ 9. glass _10.sandwich _ 11. girl _12. goose _ 13. sheep _ 14. fish _15. hero _ 14. tomato _ 15. photo _16. piece _ 17. bottle _ 18. bowl _不可数名词的量的表示方法不可数名词有：bread toast pasta noodles chips chicken fish pork beef beefsteak porridge soup salad rice
4、water juice tea coffee milk broccoli 量词有：bowl bottle plate cup glass piece bag kilo half a kilo单数： a + 量词 + of + 不可数名词 如： a cup of tea 一杯茶复数： 数词+ 量词的复数形式 + of +不可数名词如： two cups of tea 两杯茶练习：1. 一片面包 a p_ of b_2. 两杯咖啡 two c_ of _3. 三碟牛肉 _ _ _ _4. 四碗汤 _ _ 5. 一杯水 _ _ 6. 两瓶牛奶 _ _ _ _7. 三袋薯条 _ _ _ _ 可数名词的
5、量的表示方法：数词+ 名词的复数形式 如： three apples 三个苹果数词+ 量词 + of +可数名词的复数形式 如 a kilo of apples 一公斤苹果数词+量词的复数形式+of + 可数名词的复数形式 如 two kilos of apples 两公斤苹果练习：三袋西红柿 three b_ of _2. 半公斤鸡蛋 h_ a _ of _（二）动词动词加 ing 的规则1. 一般情况下直接在词尾加 ing 如：jump-jumping ， study-studying2. 以哑巴 e 结尾，去 e 加 ing， 如 write-writing 3. 一元一辅，买一送一，如
6、 sit-sitting， put-putting，begin-beginning练习：给下列动词加 ingswim_ begin_run _ sit _get _ dance _come _ have _jump _ climb _sing _ eat _ 现在进行时的特征、结构 句子中有 now, look, listen, its +时间，动词要加 ing，be + 动词+ ing ， 一家三口不分离，少了一个出问题。问句：be + 人物+ 动词+ing 否定句：be not +动词+ing练一练：请用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Look, the boy _(run) fast.2.
7、 They are _(play) basketball now.3. Listen! The girl _(sing) a birthday song.4. Its ten oclock. We _(have) a P.E. lesson.5. Are you _(swim) in the swimming pool?6. My mother _(not cook) now. 动词第三人称单数的变化规则1. 一般情况下，直接在词尾加 s，如：live- lives, getgets2. 辅音字母加 y 结尾，变 y 为 i，再加 es，如：study-studies3. 以 o, sh，ch
8、，结尾的动词，加 es， 如：go-goes, wash-washes， watch-watches练一练：写出下列单词第三人称单数的形式come _ do _ brush _study _ live _ watch _play _ run _ jump _一般现在时的特征、结构：句子中有 often, usually, sometimes, never，always , every day，一见 he, she, it, s 就到，问句加 does ，动词用原形否定句 doesnt+动词原形不见 he, she, it, s 就逃，问句加 do，动词用原形，否定句 dont+ 动词原形 练一
9、练：用所给动词的适当形式填空1. The lady usually _ (get) up at 6:30 in the morning.2. The man often _(go) to work by underground.3. _ they _ (take) exercise in the park every morning?4. The children _(not sleep) in class.5. My mother _ (not cook) every evening.选择题( ) 1. My father always _ up at half past six.A. ge
10、t B. gets C. getting( ) 2. _ the boy _ TV every day?A. Do watch B. Does watches C. Does watch( ) 3. Ben and Janet _ Chinese and other subjects at school.A. learn B. learns C. learning( ) 4. A: _ does Yongxian go to school? B: By bus.A. How B. What C. Where( ) 5. My mother _ the housework every day.A
11、. did B. do C. does( ) 6. The lion doesnt _ meat three times a day.A. eats B. eat C. eating( ) 7. He _ a model every week.A. makes B. is making C. made( ) 8. Does the cat _ a mouse every hour?A. catch B. catching C. catches( ) 9. What does he do? He usually _ the earth to the hill.A. carry B. carrie
12、s C. carrys( ) 10. My mother always _ up at half past six.A. get B. getting C. gets ( ) 11. She often _ under a big tree and _ books in the morning.A. sit reads B. sits read C. sits . Reads( ) 12. _ the boy _ TV on weekdays?A. Do watches B. Does . watch C. Do watch ( ) 13. Their friend _ to the park
13、 every two days.A. go B. goes C. going( ) 14. He never _ a lot of water after he _ football.A. drinks play B. drinks plays C. drink plays( ) 15. _ your mother _ a car to get there every day?A. Does drive B. Do drive C. Do drives( ) 16. He seldom _ anything.A. forget B. forgot C. forgets( ) 17. She o
14、ften _ over when she _ the baton.A. falls gets B. falls get C. fall gets( ) 18. Janet _ the dog every morning.A. feed B. feeding C. feeds( ) 19. My father _ well every night.A. doesnt feel B. dont feel C. doesnt feels( ) 20. A: _ Bens grandmother often _ VCD in the evening?B: No, she doesnt. She oft
15、en _ TV.A. Do, watch, watch B. Does, watches, watches C. Does, watch, watches( ) 21. A: _ Johns uncle usually _ exercise at this time of day?B: Yes, she _.A. Do, take, do B. Does, takes, does C. Does, take, does( ) 22. A: Anns uncle often _ tennis after school.B: Yes. Look, he _ tennis over there.A.
16、 plays, is playing B. plays, plays C. play, is playing( ) 23. A: My father usually _ green tea.B: My father _ tea too. But he _ black tea.A. drink, likes, drink B. drink, like, drink C. drinks, likes, drinks( ) 24. Kate _ feel good today. She _ take plenty of rest.A. doesnt, should B. doesnt shouldn
17、t C. isnt, should( ) 25. A: Does your mother _ swimming?B: No, she _.A. like, doesnt B. likes, doesnt C. like, does( ) 26. A: How often does Janet feed the cat?B: _.A. She sometimes feed the dog. B. She feed it three times a day.C. She feeds it three times a day.( ) 27. The girl often _ her homework
18、 at seven.A. does B. doing C. do( ) 28. He _ the piano for one hour every day.A. practice B. practices C. practicing ( ) 29. I like animals, so I _ go to the zoo.A. never B. often C. seldom( ) 30. How does your mum go to work? A. By car. B. In a bank. C. At 8:00. 试一试，请你写一写爸爸或妈妈一天的作息时间。_（三）比较级、最高级 形容
19、词、副词比较级、最高级的规则1. 一般情况下，直接在词尾加 er，est ， 如 fast faster-fastest2. 以 e 结尾，直接在词尾加 r，st， 如： nice nicer-nicest3. 辅音字母加 y 结尾，变 y 为 i，再加 er，est 如： pretty-prettier-prettiest4. 一元一辅，买一送一，再加 er，est ，如： hot-hotter-hottest5. 多音节词，more + 原形，most+原形 如： beautiful- more beautiful-most beautiful6. 不规则： many-more-most
20、much-more-most good-better-best well-better-best 练一练，写出下列单词的比较级和最高级形式cold _ _ small _ _ new _ _ tall _ _ short_ _ old_ _weak _ _ strong _ _ high_ _fat_ _ hot _ _ big _ _thin _ _ wet _ _ _ large_ nice _ cute _ _ fine_ _much _ well _ good _easy_happy_pretty_dirty_ lovely_heavy _ugly _ _ long_ _ bright
21、_ _low_ _ clean_ _ young _ _cheap_ _ early_ _ tidy_ _ famous_ _ boring _ _interesting _ _ important _ _ 句子中两者的比较用比较级，er 和 than 不分离 句子中有三个以上，用最高级，如：of all，of the three，in the 练一练：1. Fred is the _(short ) in his class .2. My book is _( new ) than my sisters .3. That piece of chicken is the _( heavy )i
22、n the fridge .4. Her rule is _(long), and its the _(long)of ours all .5. Is a fish _(thin) than a bird ?6. A rose tree isnt _( short ) than a pear tree .7. The leopard can run _( fast), but the cheetah can run _( fast) than it . It can run _( fast ) in the world .8. Is she the _(old ) woman in the w
23、orld ?9. Which is _( big ), a dinosaur or a blue whale ? The blue whale is _( big ) than a dinosaur , it is the _(big) animal in the world . And elephant is the _(big) animal on land . 10. My father leaves home _(early ) than me .11. This zoo is much _(good ) than the old one .12. My brother is much
24、 _(tall ) than my cousin .13. The shoe shop is _(near) the park .14. This bag is very _( heavy), but that one is _(heavy) than this one . Its the _( heavy) of all . 15. Jiamin is _( tall ). But Yongxian is _( tall ) than him .16. Our library has _(many ) books than before .17. I sing the _( good ) i
25、n class .18. The woman is the _( fat ) of the three .19. The cat is _(fast), the horse is _(fast) than the cat . The leopard is the _(fast) of the three . 20. Chinese homework is _(easy). Maths homework is _(easy) than it . And English homework is the _(easy)of all .21. Which is _(heavy), a tiger ,
26、a lion or a bear ?22. Which jumps _(high ) , a kangaroo or a monkey ?（四）一般将来时句子中有 tomorrow，next，this evening, this morning , this afternoon, on your holiday be going to +动词原形 或者 will+单词原形练一练：1. What _ you _( do ) on your holiday?2. I _(play) football with my friend tomorrow afternoon.3. My mother an
27、d I _(clean ) our garden tomorrow afternoon.4.Next Saturday all the pupils in my class _(go) to Mikes party.5.Where _your parents _(have ) lunch tomorrow? 请根据下面的时间，写出自己要做的事情。1) Im going to _ after school.2) _ this weekend.3) I will _ this evening.4) _ on school holiday. 请根据下面的时间，写出爸爸、妈妈要做的事情。1) My f
28、ather is going to _ after work.2) My father _ this weekend.3) My mother will _ tomorrow.4) My mother _ this Sunday.（五）序数词基数词变序数词的规则基变序，有规律，1,2,3，特殊记，1 st， 2nd， 3rd，从 4 起，加 th，ve 用 f 代替，8 去 t， 9 去 e，ty 变成 tie，遇到几十几，变各位就可以。 请根据缩写的提示，仿照例子完成下面的表格。1st first 11th 21st2nd 12th 22nd 3rd 13th 23rd4th 14th 24
29、th5th 15th 25th6th 16th 26th7th 17th 27th8th 18th 28th9th 19th 29th10th 20th 30th31st序数词的前面一定要用 the序数词与基数词的区别：序数词表示顺序，基数词表示数量。如 three apples 三个苹果， the third apple 第三个苹果（表示的数量只有一个）练一练: 1.I have _(four) friends. 2. The _(two) boy is my brother.（六）have， has ，there is ，there are 的用法Have has 表示某人有某物 ther
30、e is ，there are 表示某处有某物have, has 都是有，可是用法却不同， I，you ，we ，they 用 have，只有 he，she， it 用 hasthere is +单数或不可数名词there are + 复数（七）some , any, still ，yet, too，either，also 的用法some， any still ，yet too， either， alsosome 用于肯定句any 用于否定和疑问句Is there any water in the bottle?There are some beef in the fridge.still 用
31、于问句和肯定句yet 用于否定句如：Are you still working there？Dinner isnt ready yet.Too 用于问句和肯定句either 用于否定句too 和 either 放于句末also 放于句子中如： We also have seven gold medals.（八）at， on， in 表示时间时的用法at 用于点钟的前面at+地点on +星期on 用于具体日期的前面in 用于一天的某段时间in+季节，in+月份 in +年 in+颜色如 at seven oclockat school如： on Sunday On February 1st如 i
32、n the morningin autumnat Jimmys in Januaryin 1990 in red（九）句子的回答技巧1、问人用 who 男单数： Who is the man? the man 是男的，用 he 代替， 再采用交换原则He is 女单数： Who is the lady？the lady 是女的， 用 she 代替， 再采用交换原则She is复数 Who are the women？the women 是复数，用 they 代替，再采用交换原则They are .2、问物主用 whose单数： Whose is the cap? 或 Whose cap is
33、this？物品的单数用 it 代替， Its +人名s. 或直接写人名s复数：Whose are the caps？ 或 Whose caps are these？物品的复数用 they 代替They are +人名s. 或直接写人名s3、问职业男的：What does your father do？=Whats your fathers job?Hes a/an + 职业的词 .女的： What does your mother do?=Whats your mothers job?Shes a/an + 职业的词.复数： What do they do? They are + 职业的词的复
34、数形式.4、 问理想What do you want to be when you grow up?I want to be a/ an +职业的词.5、 问价格单数： How much is the blouse? =How much does the blouse cost?Its + 数词+ 货币单位 . 或直接写数词 + 货币单位.复数： How much are the carrots?= How much do the carrots cost?They are + 数词+ 货币单位. 或直接写数词+ 货币单位.6、 问哪个更便宜Which is cheaper？ The .7、
35、问加法What is 数词 and 数词？ Its + 数词. 或直接写数词.8、 问正在干什么问你：What are you doing？ are you 变 I am I am +动词+ing.问男的：What is the man doing? the man 变成 he He is +动词+ing.问女的： What is the lady doing? the lady 变成 she， She is+动词+ing.问复数： What arethey doing？ They are +动词 +ing. 9、 问经常干什么，答句人物+动作。问你：What do you usually d
36、o on Sunday? I usually play football.问男的： What does he often do after scholl？He often plays tennis.问女的： What does she usually do on Monday?She usually skips.问复数： What do they do every day? They watch news on TV.10、 问喜欢的体育运动（1）Whats your favourite sport? My favourite sport is running.或直接写运动 Running.（
37、2） Which sport are you good at? I am good at running. 或直接写运动 Running.11、 问喜欢的食物Whats your favourite food? My favourite food is toast. 或直接写食物：Toast.12、 问喜欢的科目：Whats your favourite subject？ My favourite subject is P.E或直接写学科：P.E13、 问喜欢的季节 Whats your favourite season? Summer.14、 问喜欢的节目What programme doe
38、s your mother like? She likes news.What programme does your father like? He likes sports programme.What programme do you like？ I like cartoon.或直接写节目名称.15、 问想法物品单数：What do you think of salad? I think its delicious. 或 Its horrible.物品复数： What do you think of the films? I think they are fun. 或 Theyre fun.人单数： What do you think of your English? I think she is kind. 或 She is kind.What do you think of your parents? I think they are funny. 或 They are funny.16、 问什么时间做事情What time do you have breakfast? = When do you get up?At +时间.17、 问时间 What time is it？ Its+ 时间. 或直接写时间.18、 问星期几What day is it
