1、,It语法,1507 Katie,先行词it的分类及几类句型 （it在主语或宾语的位置，真正的主语或宾语是后面的不定式、动名词或名词性从句。） 一.作形式主语 二.作形式宾语,It作形式主语 1.that从句 2.what从句 3.who从句 4.how从句 5.when从句 6.where从句 7.why从句 8.whether从句,用It作形式主语的特殊句型 1.it seems (appears) that 2.it looks as if 3.it happens （occurs）that 4.用于it follows that 5.It is said /reported/belie
2、ved/understood that 据说/报道说/被认为/被理解 6.(It is )no wonder (that )难怪 7.It doesnt matter whether/ if 不论（是否） 没关系,It用作形式主语代替代动名词的用法 1.It is no use (no good ,fun ,great fun, a new experience , a great honor, etc ) doing sth 2.It is good (nice , useless ,interesting, pleasant ,tiring, etc ) doing sth 3.It is
3、 worthwhile doing sth 4.其他句式 It doesnt matter wasting a little money. 浪费一点点钱没有关系。 It felt funny being dressed like a peasant girl.打扮得像村姑感觉有点怪怪的。 Whats it like being married?结婚什么感觉?,形式宾语 1.vt (find ,think, make ,etc.) +it+ adj./n.+ doing /to do /that 2.vt.(enjoy, like ,love, hate , prefer, appreciate
4、, take ,etc.)+ it+ if/when 3.see to it that /depend on it that (因介词后通常不接that从句，故用it作形式宾语) 4.take it for granted that ,1.替代刚提到过的同一事物 这是我们的新车，我昨天买的。 This is our new car .I bought it yesterday. 2.指动物或不考虑性别的婴儿 猫在哪？它在床下面。 Where is the cat? Its under the bed. 这婴儿饿时就哭 The baby cried when it was hungry.,人称代
5、词it 可代替一个名词或短语或从句或句子， 以避免它们在句中的重复。这是可指提到过的或 者未提到的，在句中作主语或宾语。,3. 在情景中确认某人或某事物 Who is it? 是谁？（问敲门人） Its me. 是我呀！ 4.指时间、季节、距离、天气、环境等 Its about 50 kilometers from here to my home.从我家到这儿约有50 公里。 5.指最好的或最渴望得到的事物 He thinks he is it.他以为自己是最佳人选。,Who is it ?未见具体人，不同于Who is that?见到具体某人，但不相识。,It作非人称代词的主语表示气候、天气
6、、温度、时间、地点、距离等虚指的情境。 1.Its Sunday tomorrow. 2.Its five miles to the nearest station from here. 3.It was dull when Tom was away.,强调句型 1. It is + 被强调部分 + that . 该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后，被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语，强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子；这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。 It was they that (wh
7、o ) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father.,2. It is not until + 被强调部分 + that . 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语直到才，可以说是 not . until . 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark gla
8、sses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.,1. The doctor advised Vesa strongly that she should take a holiday, but _ didnt help.A. it B. she C. which D. he正确答案：A。根据句意：医生的建议未起作用。it代替整个句子。2. -Do you like _here?-Oh, y
9、es. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is nice.A. this B. these C. that D. It正确答案：D。根据下文，提问者不能确定被问者喜欢什么，it用于不确定指代或模糊指代。3. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see_.A. who is he B. who he isC. who is it D. who it is正确答案：D。说话时，不知道对方的性别。注意在宾语从句中需用陈述语序。,exercise,4. Have you heard the l
10、atest news?No, what _? A. is it B. is there C. are they D. are those正确答案：A。it指代上文提及的latest news。5. If I can help _, I dont like working late into the night.A. so B. that C. it D. them正确答案：C。help是“阻止、避免”的意思，it指代下文的事。6. -He was nearly drowned once. -When was _?-_ was in 1998 when he was in Middle Scho
11、ol. A. that, It B. this, This C. this, It D. that, This正确答案：A。it指时间。,7. The Foreign Minister said, “_ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.A、This is B、There is C、That is D、It is 正确答案：D由句意易知：that从句是真正的主语;it为形式主语。8. _in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password
12、of your e-mail account.A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires正确答案：C 。it为形式主语，在此结构中done为required/suggested/demanded/recommended等时，从句必须用should + 动词原形，且should可以省略。,9. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A、this B、that C、it D、one正确答案：C。love/enjoy/ha
13、te和like的用法相同，后接宾语从句时需用it作形式宾语，宾语从句后置。,11. Was it _ that I saw last night at the concert? A. you B. not you C. yourself D. that yourself正确答案：A。强调句型的一般疑问式的基本结构为：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that将该句恢复为陈述语序，去掉It is/wasthat结构，易判断是强调you的强调句型。 12. Is _student _was caught smoking in the classroom?A. it that, that B. that it, it C. it it, that D. it which, that正确答案：A。,Thank you!,
