1、应用文写作,书信（letters）,1. 书信（letters）英文书信一般可分为商务信（Business letter）和私人信件（Private letter）, 二者在结构上并无太大区别，语言上前者较后者更为正式。英语书信通常由以下几部分组成：称呼、正文、结束语、签名和附件。,书信（letters）,称呼（Salutation）：对收信人的称呼用语，位于信内地址下方一、二行处。对于没有头衔的男性多用Mr.及其姓氏。如：Mr. Smith; Mr. White。对于女性的称呼常用Miss, Mrs. 或Ms.。Miss常用在姓氏之前称呼未婚女性；Mrs.常用在丈夫的姓氏之前称呼已婚女子；M
2、s.常用在姓氏之前可以称呼所有女士。对收信人的称呼也可用头衔或职位的名称，如Prof. Brown, Dr. Smith。事物信件中如不知道收信人的姓名常用Dear Sir, Dear Madam; 如果也不能确定其性别可用Dear Sir or Madam。,书信（letters）,正文（Body）：是信件的主体部分，在事务信件中，正文一般开门见山，简明扼要。 结束语（Complimentary close）：位于正文下方一、二行处，第一个词开头字母大写，末尾要用逗号，是写信人对自己的谦称。常见的结束语包括：写给熟人或朋友常用：Yours, Yours truly, Yours sincer
3、ely, Sincerely yours, Yours fainthfully,等等。 写给亲友或好友常用：Love, With love, Yours affectionately, Yours ever, Much love, Lovingly yours,等等。 写给上级或长者常用：Yours respectfully, Respectfully yours, Yours gratefully, Yours appreciatively, Faithfully yours,等等。,书信（letters）,签名（Signature）：一般位于结束语下方，如是打印信件中间还要空出一行以便写信
4、人签署姓名。有时在署名之后还要写上自己的职务或头衔。如： Yours faithfully, (Signature) Peter Smith General Manager附件（Enclosure/Attachment, 缩写为Encl.或Enc.）：信件如有附件，应在左下角注明Encl.或Enc.,如：Enc. Resume（随信附上简历）,书信（letters）,Oct ober, 2008 Dear Smith,Thank you for your letter of Jan.28,2004. I am sorry that I didnt write back earlier beca
5、use I got a chance to go to France and stayed there for three weeks.I was so excited when reading letter, in which you told me so many wonderful stories about the history of China. I was also interested in all the places you introduced to me in your letter, especially the Great Wall. I wish I would
6、have the chance to visit it sometime this year.,书信（letters）,I learnt from your letter that you had received your Masters degree and would be an English teacher in a college this summer. I would like to congratulate you on your success.In this letter I want to give you a surprise that I am going to g
7、o to China in June to attend a conference in Beijing. I wish I could have the chance to meet you there.,书信（letters）,My trip to France is marvelous. I visited the Eiffel Tower, the Louvre Museum and drank the famous French wine. I would like to tell you more about it when I meet you in Beijing. I am
8、looking forward to meeting you.Sincerely yours, Peter,书信（letters）,例1. 2000年6月实考题给John Brown先生写一封短信. 内容: 已收到他3月12日的来信.请他于本月25日来我公司, 讨论合作的细节.请他将航班告诉你. 你公司的李小姐将去机场接他.,书信（letters）,June 17, 2010Dear Mr. John Brown,Thank you very much for your letter dated March 12. Could you come over to my company so th
9、at we can discuss the details of our cooperation? If yes, please inform me of your flight. I have arranged for Miss Li of my company to meet you at the airport. Wish you a pleasant journey. Yours sincerely,书信（letters）,例2: 2000年12月B级实考题:You are required to write a letter according to the following in
10、formation given in Chinese. You should write no less than 60 words. 收信人: 刘军 写信人: 扬琳 写信日期: 2000年7月8日 内容: 扬琳写信表示告诉刘军, 她的朋友张兰将于本月1 从厦门到南京. 请刘军到机场接张兰. 如果张兰需要帮助, 请他作必要的安排.对刘军的好意表示感谢.,书信（letters）,July8, 2000 Dear Liu Jun,My friend Zhang Lan will come from Xiamen and she will arrive in Nanjing on July 15.
11、I wish you would meet her at the airport on that day and if Zhang Lan has any request, I wish you could help her and make arrangement for her. I appreciate your kindness.Yours sincerely,Yang Ling,书信（letters）,1. 道歉信 June 7, 2006 Dear Mrs. Diana,Im extremely sorry I didnt attend your 50th birthday par
12、ty, not because I forgot it but I caught a bad cold and had a high fever. I was sent to hospital to have injections. Please excuse me for the inconvenience I caused you.Sincerely yours,Jenny,书信（letters）,2. 投诉信 Dear Sir or Madam,I purchased a pink silk wedding dress from your online shopping three da
13、ys ago. After it was delivered to me, I tried it on and found the following problems. First, the left shoulder was open. Second, the bottom of the dress were lose and about to fall out.,Finally, when I washed it following the wash instruction printed on the label, the dye ran. I paid 89.99 yuan for
14、this dress and I would like a full refund. Ill send the dress to your warehouse by EMS, cash on deliver.Thanks for your attention to this matter.Sincerely,Alice Brown,书信（letters）,3. 邀请函及回函 ( Letter of invitation and reply )邀请函分为两种：一种属于个人信函，例如邀请某人共进晚餐、参加宴会、观看电影等 。另一种邀请函则属于事务信函，一般是邀请参加会议、学术活动等等。第一种邀请函
15、邀请的对象一般是朋友、亲人，所以内容格式都不十分正式，只需要写清邀请的意图，说明活动的内容、时间、地点等等。另一种邀请函一般由会议或学术活动的组委会的名义发出，而且被邀请者通常也是属于比较有威望的人士或者是各领域的专家学者。因此，这类邀请函的格式和内容要相对正式一些。,书信（letters）,例 1. 2003年6月B级实考题: （邀请信和感激信） Letter 1: Dear Jane,I would like to invite you to spend your summer vacation here in Beijing. I will show you around the Gre
16、at Wall, the Imperial Palace, and the Summer Palace.Yours,Zhang Li,书信（letters）,Letter 2: Dear Zhang Li,Thank you for your kindness, and I am very glad to accept your invitation and plan to go to Beijing in early July. Yours,Jane,书信（letters）,4. 介绍信 Dear Jack,I have the pleasure of introducing to you
17、Mr.Long, a good friend of mine. He is going to spend some days in your town. Will you please give him some necessary guidance about? I shall be much obliged if you will show him any favor.,书信（letters）,5. 慰问信 Dear Peter,I was shocked to learn that you broke your leg in a traffic accident and I am anx
18、ious to know how you are now. If I can be of any help, please dont hesitate to let me know.,书信（letters）,6. 祝贺信 例1. Dear Mr. Smith,Please accept my warmest congratulation on your recent marriage and my best wishes for your future happiness, good health and continued success. Yours sincerely,书信（letter
19、s）,7. 求职信 例2：2004年6月B级实考题You are required to write a Letter of Application according to the following instructions given in Chinese. Remember to do your writing in not than 60 words.说明：请以王曼丽的名义写一封求职信。王曼丽，24岁，毕业于龙江技术学院，主修企业管理，各门课程都优秀。学过速记与打字，速度各为每分钟90字和70字。请为她拟出一份给ABC公司的自荐信，希望能在该公司谋到总经理秘书一职。请注意书信的格式。
20、写信日期为2004年6月25日,Words for reference：技术学院Technical College 企业管理Busuness Administration 速记与打字short and typing 这是一封简单的求职信，考生只要按要求把信中的内容表达清楚即可。除此之外还要注意信的格式，题目中已给出写信日期，但并未给出收信人的具体信息，这种情况下我们常用“Dear Sir or Madam”。,书信（letters）,June 25th, 2004 Dear Sir or Madam,I would like to apply for the position of a gen
21、eral manager secretary, which you have advertised on the newspaper.My name is Wang Manli and I am 24 years old. I graduated from lonnjiang Technical College and majored in Busuness Administration. I had good scores in every suject. I have learned shorthand and typing, with the speed of 90 words and
22、70 words per minute.,书信（letters）,I know ABC is a famous company and I am very interested in your task and hope to work with tou and your colleagues.I look forward to hearing from you and appreciate your consideration of my application.Sincerely yours,Wang Mali,书信（letters）,8. 推荐信June 22nd, 2007 To wh
23、om it may concern,Mr. Liu Tian, a graduate of this university this year, is young, energetic and good at English and physics. As a student, he distinguishes himself for his diligence, accuracy, integrity and conscientiousness, discharge of every duty and has passed the final examination with credit.
24、 I cordially recommend him to any person in head of such service as he can perform.Yours truly,Li Wei,书信（letters）,9. 商务信感谢你公司5月6日所寄男衬衫报价单和所送样品，经联系，不少本地区客户喜欢天鹅牌男衬衫。为此，请即报5000件男衬衫（G-3号）的成本加运费（C&F）仰光（Rangoon）最低价，估计能为你公司争取到一些订单。但我们要指出，要想成功地推销衬衫，你方报价须对买方有吸引力，否则将有困难。希望能用形式发票（pro forma invoice）进行报价。,书信（let
25、ters）,Dear Sir,Thank you for your quotation of May 6th for Mens Shirts and the samples sent to us.We have qpproachod a number of our customers in this area and many of them take an interest in Swan brand shirts. We, therefore, ask you to make us your best offer on C&F Rangoon basis for 5,000 Mens Sh
26、irts (No. G-3). We believe we may secure some orders for you.We, however, would like to point out that unless your quotation is attractive to the buyers, it would be difficult to push the sale of your shirts successfully. We shall appreciate your offer in pro forma invoice.Yours faithfully, Jenny Gr
27、ey,备忘录 （Memo）,二. 备忘录 （Memo）备忘录也称公务便条, 是公司、团体、学校、机关等内部科室之间最普通的书面交流方式, 能够快速有效地交流日常工作或商务活动信息. 一封备忘录常由标题和信息两部分组成. 标题部分包括收文人、发文人、发文日期、主题; 信息部分是主题部分. 备忘录通常不需要写称呼, 也不需要写” Sincerely yours “等结束语.,备忘录 （Memo）,例1： 2006年6月A级实考题 : 2. 新城公司经理 ( Wang Ming ) 先生上午十点来拜访总经理. 他希望与总经理讨论在本市设立一家食品厂的事宜. 总经理正在开会, 无法接见. 王先生将于下
28、星期一离开. 请总经理今天下午打个电话给他.(日期：2011年3月24号，王明先生写给办公室秘书王小姐。主题：王先生将拜访总经理。）,You are required to write two brief memos according to the following information given in Chinese. 1. 荣欣进出口公司经理王刚刚上午9点打来电话, 说对方至今未受到我方的货物. 如我方还未发货, 必须立即与他本人取得联系, 否则将取消定货合同.,备忘录 （Memo）,1. Wang Fang, the manager of Rongxin Import and E
29、xport Company, called at 9:00 a.m. He said they havent received our goods yet. If we havent delivered our goods, we should contact him at once. Or they will cancel the order.2. Mr. Wang Ming, the manager of Xin Cheng Company, came to visit G.M. at 10 a.m. He wished to discuss with G.M. the possibili
30、ty of opening a food factory in our city. G.M. was having a meeting and so couldnt see him. Mr. Wang will leave next Monday. He asked G.M. to call him this afternoon.,备忘录 （Memo）,例 2： 2006年6月B级实考题: 说明：假如你是销售部经理John Green, 请以John Green的名义按照下面的格式和内容给本公司其他各部门经理写一个内部通知。 主题：讨论2006年度第三季度销售计划。 通告时间：2006年6月1
31、6日 内容：本部门已制定2006年第三季度的销售计划。将于2006年6月19日下午1：00在本公司会议室开会，讨论这一计划。并希望各部门经理前来参加。如不能到会，请提前告知本部门秘书。,备忘录 （Memo）,Memo Date: June 16th, 2006 To: Managers of all the departments From: John Green ( The Sales Manager ) Subject: Discussion on the sales plan of the 3rd quarter in 2006Our department has made the sa
32、les plan of the 3rd quarter in 2006. To discuss the plan, a meeting will be held in the Conference Room of our corporation at 1:00 p.m on June 19th, 2006. It is hoped that managers of all the departments will come to the meeting. If anyone cannot attend it, please notify the secretary of the Sales D
33、epartment in advance.,通知 （ Notice ）,三. 通知 （ Notice ）通知是上级对下级,组织对成员或平行单位之间部署工作,传达事情或召开会议等所使用的应用文.通知的写法有两种,一种是以布告形式贴出,把事情通知有关人员,如学生,观众等,通常不用称呼;另一种是以书信形式,发给有关人员,此种通知写作形式同普通书信,只要写明通知的具体内容即可.通知要求言简意赅,措辞得当,时间及时.通知正文的上方 往往标记有NOTICE或其它词以引起其他人注意.发出通知的个人或单位的名称往往位于通知正文的前面或右下角.发出通知的时间一般写在正文的左下角.对于具体活动,通知中应包括活动名
34、称,活动时间及地点.,通知 （ Notice ）,例1：2007年12月B级实考题: NoticeDong Fang Electronics Ltd. Is a joint venture, which mainly produces electronic products.The company is to hold a recruitment fair in the Students Club in our university on ,例2： NoticeAll students of the English Department are requested to meet in the
35、 college conference center on Friday, April 29,2008, at 1:30 P.M. to attend lecture on English teaching given by DrJohn Smith.English DepartmentApril 22, 2004,通知 （ Notice ）,例3：2002年6月B级实考题:You are required to write a notice according to the following instruction given in Chinese. Remember to write t
36、he notice in no less than 60 words.说明：以学生会的名义于2002年6月10日写一张演讲会的通知演讲人：著名教授先生时间：下周五晚上7点地点：报告厅主题：世界经济发展与中国加入WTO后中国轻工业的未来领票时间及地点：每晚7点至9点在5号楼601房间负责人：李明,通知 （ Notice ）,NoticeMr. John Smith, a well-known professor, will give a talk in the lecture hall at 7 p.m next Friday. He will talk about the economic d
37、evelopment in the world and the future of the light industry in China after Chinas entering WTO. Students who are interested can ask Li Ming for tickets. He will be available in Room 601 Building 5, from 7 to 9 every evening.,海报 （Post）,四. 海报 （Post） 例1: Good NewsSales Promotion in the Christmas Seaso
38、nIn order to thank our devoted customers at Christmas, the Carrefour Shopping Mall is holding a winter sales from December 8th to January 8th is the coming New Year. All the 30Welcome to shop here and wish you good luck.Sales Department December 8, 2006,海报 （Post）,例2:Basketball MatchGuangzhou Team VS
39、 Shanghai Team、Time: 3:30 P.M. Friday, June 8, 2007 Place: Tianhe StadiumPlease contact the booking office of the Stadium for tickets, 50 yuan for each. Tickets are limited. Basketball fans should be quick.Come and cheer for them.Tianhe StadiuJune 6, 2007,便条 （Note）,五. 便条 （Note） 1）借条 （I.O.U）June 2004
40、Borrowed from the English Department three recorders for the party at this weekend.The Students Union 2）收条 ( Receipt )June 10, 2004Received from the Students Union three recorders.The English Department,便条 （Note）,3） 请假条 ( Leave or absence permits) 请假条大多是病假条，写假条最重要的是说明原因和 假的期限。 例1. Jan, 10th Dear Mis
41、s Zhang,I am terribly sorry that I shall be unable to attend the morning classes due to a bad cold and high fever. Enclosed is a certificate from the doctor who said I must stay in bed today. I will go back to school as soon as possible.,便条 （Note）,例2. 2008年6月B-1实考题 说明：假如你是公司职员刘斌，给经理写张请假条。 时间：2008年6月
42、19日，星期四。 咳嗽特别厉害，想去医院看病。 因本周大部分工作已经完成，故星期五请假一天。 看完病后，会给经理打电话。 对由此造成的不便表示歉意。 希望能得到经理的批准。,便条 （Note）,To: Mr. Johnson From: Liu Bin Date: June 19, 2008 Subject: Leave of Absence Dear Mr, Johnson,I would like to know if I could ask for a sick leave for one day on Friday.,Ive got a bad cough, and I hope I
43、can go to hospital to have an examination. And I have completed most of the work this week, so I want to ask for a leave for one day tomorrow.I will call you once I finish the examination, and Im terribly sorry about the inconvenience caused.Many thanks. Im looking forward to your kind answer.,便条 （N
44、ote）,4）电话留言( Telephone Message )2001年6月B-1实考题You are required to write a Telephone Message according to the following instructions given in Chinese. Remember to write the message in no less than 60 words. 说明：按电话留言的格式和要求，以秘书 Helena 的名义，给 Mr. White 写一封电话留言，包括以下内容：来电人： 霍尼韦儿（Honeywell）公司的 Mr. Johnson来电时
45、间：2001年6月25日上午十时事由：明天要出差去北京，因此原定与后天上午的约会只能取消，等出差回来后再与约见面时间。这是一封典型的电话留言，所以只要按照格式和要求去写即可。,便条 （Note）,To: Mr. White Time: 10 A.M., June 25th,2001 Message: Mr. Johnson of Honey Co. will leave for Beijing on business tommorrow. He wishes to cancel his appointment with you on the morning of the 27th. He wi
46、ll contact you for another appointment when he is back. From: Helena ( secretary ),电子邮件 （E-mail）,六. 电子邮件 （E-mail） 2005年12月B-1实考题 请根据下列内容写一份电子邮件。发件人：John Smith ( J ) 收件人：假日酒店（电子邮箱） 发件时间：12月10日 事由： 1. 因行程改变，取消12月5日以John Smith的名义在贵酒店预订的12月12日到15日的两个单人房间。 2. 表示歉意，并询问是否需支付违约金。 3. 要求回信确认。,电子邮件 （E-mail）,To
47、: From: John Smith ( J ) Date: 10th December Subject: Cancellation of Hotel Booking Dear Sir or Madam,I am writing to inform you that due to the change of my journey, I have to cancel my booking of two single rooms for December the 12th through 15th December in the name of John Smith. Im really sor
48、ry for all the trouble this might have caused. Id appreciate it if you would tell me whether I should pay the cancellation penalty. And Im looking forward to receiving your reply to confirm my cancellation.Yours faithfully,传真 （Fax）,七. 传真 （Fax）一般公司都有固定的传真格式，一般我们需要清楚地填写传真头，拟写传真内容，准确，快捷地将有关内容传到对方。 To:
49、XX Company Attn: Mr X From: Mr Wang X Date: 2000 / 1 /23 Fax No: 2233666 Pages: 1 Subject: Providing Information Dear Mr. Smith,It was a pleasure meeting you this week and learning of your interest in our promoting project. Please find enclosed detailed information of our special promotion package for the March issue. As time is short final deadline has passed. Your prompt confirmation would be highly appreciated. Thank you for your kind attention and I look forward to your prompt reply.Yours sincerely,
