1、疑问句与感叹句一 一般疑问句可以用 yes/ no 回答的疑问句。一般是把系动词或情态动词提到主语之前，或添加助动词并提到主语之前。也有 yes/ no 之外的回答方式。如 sure, certainly, surely, of course, I think so, all right, certainly not, not at all, never, sorry, not yet, Im afraid not 等。例如：Is this book interesting?Do you like music?Can you lift the big rock?二 特殊疑问句由疑问词引导的疑问
2、句。主要用来询问信息。疑问词有：who, whom, what, where, when, why, how固定短语构成的疑问句：what about, how about, how come例如：Where is my pen?Who is that boy standing behind the door?What shall we do next?三 选择疑问句说话者提出两个或两个以上的答案，供对方选择。用 or 连接两个并列成分。例如：Which one do you like, apple or pear?Are you German or French?四 反诘疑问句以否定形式出现
3、的疑问句。含有反诘口气，并非疑问，用于反问、责怪或证实一件实事。一般用助动词的否定缩略形式。例如：Dont you know you are wrong again?五 反意疑问句附加在陈述句后的简单问句，征询前面陈述句所说的事情的肯定或否定的意见，或希望陈述句所说的得到证实。结构：肯定，否定？否定，肯定？例如：You like him, dont you? 你喜欢他，对不对？You dont like him, do you? 你不喜欢他，是不是？Note：1 主语为不定代词 no one, nobody, everyone, someone, everybody, somebody, no
4、ne 等，附加问句的主语用 they（强调全部时） ，或 he（强调个体时）如：No one in your class can work out this problem, can they?Everyone like music, dont they?2 主语为不定代词 everything, anything, something, nothing 时，附加问句的主语用 it如：Nothing is left behind, isnt it?3 one 表示人做主语，附加句用 one（正式）或 you（非正式）如：One can never be blamed for honesty,
5、can one?4 this/ that 用 it，these/ those 用 they如：This is your book, isnt it?Those are your books, arent they?5 there be 句型在附加问句中庸 there如：There is a computer in the room, isnt there?6 must表示必须或禁止 Must，mustnt You mustnt smoke here, must you?有必要 Neednt He must finish his work today, neednt he?现在时态 you mu
6、st be happy Arent you过去时态 it must rained last night Didnt it一定，想必（表推测）完成时态 he must have studied english for years Hasnt he7 ought to 反意疑问句部分用 oughtnt 或 shouldnt如：You ought to finish it yesterday, shouldnt you?8 used to 反意疑问句部分用 didnt 或 usednt如：she used to go to movies, didnt she?9 had better 反意疑问句部分
7、用 hadnt 或 shouldnt如：You had better go now, hadnt you?10 have/had to 反意疑问句部分用 do 的相应形式如：She had to go home before eight, doesnt she?11 陈述部分主句含有否定或半否定意义的副词或代词（如 no, never, nothing, nowhere, rarely, hardly, seldom, few, little）附加疑问句用肯定式如：There is little water in the bottle, is there?12 表示愿望的 I/ We wish
8、, 疑问部分用 may如：I wish you happiness, may I?13 I am 的反意疑问句：am I not （正式）arent I（非正式） ，aint I （非标准）如：I am great, am I not?14 a, 祈使句反意疑问句部分用 will you/ wont youb, Lets 开头的后面问句用 shall we; let us 或 let me 开头的祈使句用 will youC，陈述部分为否定的祈使句可以用 will you 或 can you如：Open the window, will you?Lets go shopping this af
9、ternoon, shall we?Let us go shopping this afternoon, will you?Dont leave the lights on, will you?15 陈述部分如果是并列句，附加句应与临近的分句一致陈述部分为主从复合句，附加疑问句一般与主句一致如：John can speak Spanish, and his wife also can speak Spanish, can she?He said he was late for the meeting, didt he?16 陈述部分是 Im sure, Im afraid, I dont th
10、ink(suppose, expect, imagine, believe)+宾语从句结构，附加问句与从句一致如：He said he was late for the meeting, wasnt he?六 感叹句How：做状语，修饰形容词、副词或句子How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语! How + 主语 + 谓语! How + 形容词 + （a/ an）+ 名词！ 例如：How great changes we have had these years!How short life is!How wonderful a plan!What：做定语，修饰名词（名词前可以有冠词或形容词）What + （a/ an）+ 形容词 + 名词 + （主语+谓语）! What + 形容词 + 可数名词 + 其他! What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 其他! 例如：What a fine day!What a great pity you missed the lecture!What great fun playing computer!
