1、总复习六 短语动词动词根据其构成方式可以分为单词动词和短语动词。单词动词就是由一个单词构成的动词。如 live,work,study,learn,come,go,hit,strike.短语动词就是主动词与一个两个或两个以上的单词构成,也就是“短语动词”.短语动词大多由动词与介词/副词等搭配而成。在使用中，我们要将短语动词当作一个整体来使用。短语动词主要有以下几种类型。1 动词+介词 如：go over（复习）,listen to（听）,think about（考虑）,look for（寻找）,rely on（依靠）,depend on（依靠） ,look into（调查）,play with（
2、玩耍） ,send for（派人去请）,consist of（由组成）,arrive at（到达）等。这类短语动词相当于及物动词，后面必须跟宾语。She is looking after the baby. 她在照看那个婴儿。They are listening to the radio. 他们在收听广播。Maybey I could talk about English names. 也许我可以谈谈英国人的姓名。2动词+副词如：eat up（吃光）,give up（放弃） ,hold on（延迟）,hold up（举起）,put on（穿，上演）,take place（发生）,turn on
3、（开，打开）,try on（试穿）等。它们构成新的词义，有的用作及物动词，有的用作不及物动词。Dont read in poor light. Turn on the light.不要在暗淡的光线下看书，把电灯打开。 （及物）The race will take place tomorrow.这项比赛将在明天举行。 （不及物）You must hand in your exercises this afternoon.今天下午你们必须交练习。 （及物）The war broke out in 1937.战争在 1937 年爆发。 （不及物）(1) 如果动词+副词结构的宾语是代词，就必须把宾语插
4、在动词和副词之间.They called him up. 他们给他打了电话.Put in on,please. 请把它穿上。(2) 如果宾语是名词，该名词既可以放在动词和副词之间，也可以放在副词之后。They put off the meeting till next week.(或 They put the meeting off till next week.)他们把会议推迟到下周开。3 动词+副词+ 介词如：catch up with（赶上）,get on with（与某人相处）,go on with（继续）,keep up with（跟上）,do away with（废除）,look
5、down upon（轻视）,look forward to（期待）,keep away from（脱离）等。这类短语动词相当于及物动词，后面必须跟宾语。You may go on with your work.你可以继续工作。Go on and Ill catch up with you in five minutes.你先走吧，我五分钟后会赶上你的。4.动词+名词+ 介词如：catch hold of (on)（抓住，握住）,give lessons to（给上课）,make friends with(与交朋友),take care of (照料),pay attention to (注意)
6、等。这类动词短语相当于及物动词，后面须跟宾语。You should pay attention to your handwriting. 你要注意你的书法。They make fun of me because Im shorter than anyone else.他们嘲笑我，因为我比其他人都矮。My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. 我的哥哥照料菜园。5.动词+形容词+ 介词如：be fond of（爱好）,be familiar with（熟悉）,be suitable for（适合）,be late for（迟到）,be good
7、at （善于）,be afraid of（害怕） ，后面须接宾语。Many people are afraid of snakes. 很多人害怕蛇。练习题：中考原题重现( )1.Its hard _ a job.A.to look for B.to find C.to find out( )2.A lot of meetings were _ because of the dangerous disease.A.turned off B.set off C.put off D.taken off( )3.My mother is angry with me because I didnt fi
8、nish the homework.A.surprised at B.mad at C.excited at ( )4.Grandma _ us stories when we were very young.A.used to tell B.is used to tell C.was used to tell( )5._ the socks,Jim. You shouldnt throw them everywhere.A.Drive B.Take off C.Try on D.Put away( )6.Youd better _ smoking, _ youll get ill.A.go
9、on,so B.give up,and C.give up,or ( )7.Excuse me,Mr Li,I dont know the meaning of the whole sentence. What shall I do?-Youd better first _ the new words.A.look for B.look up C.look through D.look over( )8.Dont worry! Im sure youll _ your classmates if you are kind and friendly to them.A.catch up with
10、 B.agree with C.get on well with D.make friend with( )9.Tom,its cold outside. _ your coat when you go out. OK,Mum.A.Take off B.Take away C.Put away D.Put on( )10.Kate didnt go to the movie last night because she had to _ her sick dog at home.A.look at B.look up C.look for D.look after( )11.He _ a pi
11、ece of waste paper,and put it into the rubbish bag.A.picked up B.threw away C.looked for D.handed in( )12. Where did you go after we left the library yesterday?-I went downtown and _ my aunts on my way home.A.played with B.called on C.waited for D.looked after( )13.-Great changes have taken place in
12、 this city.-Right. Many modern tall buildings have been _ these days.A.turned up B.put up C.shown up D.fixed up( )14.Lots of people in our city _ the old and they usually offer their seats to the old on the buses.A.agree with B.worry about C.laugh at D.care for( )15.The shoes are very inice. Ill tak
13、e them.-But you must _ first. I think the size is a bit small for you.A.pay for them B.try them on D.put them on D.take them off( )16.What are you doing,Cathy? -Im _ my cat. I cant find it.A.looking for B.looking at C.looking up D.looking after( )17.Do remember me to your family when you get back ho
14、me. I miss your parents very much.A.show welcome to B.say good-bye to C.say hello to D.write to ( )18.I couldnt come up with a good excuse for being late.A.think of B.put up C.get D.say( )19.Believe it or not,more than half of our body weight _ water.A.comes across B.comes from C.comes by D.comes to
15、( )20.Lucy,could you help me _ the map on the blackboard? We dont need it. With pleasure.A.put down B.put up C.put on D.put away( )21.How do people usually _ in the office?A.put on B.dress up C.wear D.dress( )22.Hello,may I speak to Miss Smith? -Im sorry. She left here _.A.just now B.now and then C.
16、right now D.from now on( )23.Jimmy,your toys should be in right order.-OK,Ill _ them _ right now.A.put, down B.put,away C.put, up D.put, on( )24.Help! Help! Help! I cant_. The tree is too high.-Dont worry. Let me help you.A.go over B.fall behind C.get down D.fall off( )25.Her radio is too loud,isnt
17、it? -Yes,let me tell her to _.A.turn it up B.turn up it C.turn it down D.turn down it ( )26.Hurry up,or well be late.A.Get up B.Look up C.Be quick D.Be quiet( )27.Our teacher goes on a picnic with us at times.A.sometimes B.some time C.sometime D.some times( )28.Over five thousand people went to the
18、museum last month.A.Nearly B.Less than C.About D.More than( )29.Children always have a good time on Childrens Day.A.help each other B.enjoy themselves C.look beautiful D.have a big dinner( )30.Do you like the new coat,Jack? -Well,let me _ and see.A.wear it on B.put on it C.try it on D.dress on it( )
19、31.Henry is listening to the music now.A.then B.in a moment C.at the moment D.just now( )32.The student had no idea how to answer the question.A.didnt know B.knwe very well C.not to know( )33.Mary hears from her parents regularly(means often).A.posts a letter to B.receoves a letter from C.gets phone
20、 calls from( )34.Father gave up smoking when he was forty years old.A.stopped smoking B.began to smoke C.stopped to smoke( )35.Please _ the lights when you leave the classroom.A.turn in B.turn up C.turn off D.turn on( )36.The windows are broken and need to be repaired.-I think so. They can hardly _
21、the cold now.A.keep out B.give out C.take out D.put on ( )37.When you do not understand a word,you can _ in this dictionary.A.look it up B.look them up C.pick it up D.pick them up( )38.Hi, Sam. Were going for a walk. Would you like to _?-Great! Lets go.A.come along B.come on C.come out D.come up( )3
22、9.She parked her car outside the window _ but the next morning she found it missing.A.as uaual B.at least C.so far D.at all( )40.May I _ this T-shirt? -Sure,the dressing room is over there.A.dress up B.find out C.put off D.try on( )41.Youd better _ her number in the phone book.A.look into B.look for
23、 C.look up D.look down( )42.Did you take a lot of photos during your visit to Shanghai?-Yes. And I will show them to you as soon as they _.A.try out B.come out C.work out D.take out( )43.After having breakfast,he _ to the bus stop this morning.A.ran off B.put off C.took off D.turned of( )44.James,yo
24、ur socks are on the chair. Please _. OK.A.put away it B.put it away C.put away them D.put them away( )45.Oh,Danny. Its raining outside,youd better _ your raincoat.A.put on B.put up C.dress D.to wear中考仿真题( )1.I have _ my parents, and now Im answering it.A.heard of B.heard from C.heard D.heard about(
25、)2.The doctor _ carefully and found nothing serious.A.looked over him B.looked him over C.looked boy over D.looked over boy( )3.Uncle Wang is _ man that he always helps others.A.such friend of B.such a friendly C.such friendly a D.such friendly( )4.Lucy said she hadnt heard _ music before.A.such a b
26、eautiful piece of B.a beautiful C.so beautiful a D.such a wonderful( )5.I have _ friends. They often come to see me.A.a quite few B.a few quite C.quite a few D.quite few( )6.You looked tired. _ working indoors you should be out for a walk.A.Ahead of B.Instead of C.In front of D.In spite of( )7.Can I
27、 use this expression in the text? -No,it has _. Nobody use it today.A.given up B.broken down C.gone out D.got off( )8.Yesterday morning I got up early _ be late for the exam.A.in order to B.in order not to C.so as not to D.so as to( )9.I dont know Sams telephone number. Will you please _ in your add
28、ress book for me?A.look up it B.look it up C.look for it D.look at it( )10.Both of his feet were hurt in the accident. _ a doctor,please.A.Send for B.Look over C.Take care of D.Catch up with( )11.Its getting dark. Please _ the light.A.turn off B.turn on Cturn down D.turn up( )12.I think people here
29、are friendly. Do you _ me?A.get on with B.agree with C.laugh at D.play with( )13.Ann is so careful that she always goes over her exercises to _ there are no mistakes.A.look for B.make sure C.find out D.think about( )14.I thought it was a good idea but he didnt _ me.A.send for B.lend to C.point to D.
30、agree with( )15.Reading in bed isnt _ our eyes.A.good at B.weak in C.bad for D.good for( )16.He has _ for three or four days.A.got a headache B.fallen ill C.caught a cold D.had a cough( )17._ Jim _ Kate broke the mirror. The cat did.A.Both,and B.Either,or C.Neither,nor D.Not,but( )18.When is the pla
31、ne to Shanghai going to take off? -_. Please get ready as soon as possible.A.for a moment B.Just a moment C.In a minute D. A moment ago( )19.How did you learn swimming when you were young?-_. It was not very hard.A.By sea B.By river C.By myself D.By the way( )20.Its nothing serious. Youve just caugh
32、 _ a cold.A.a bit B.a bit of C.a little D.little( )21.Throwing frisby looks very easy, Wei Hua. I want _.-Come on,please.A.try B.a go C.to have a look D.to make it( )22.Mr Smith is from Australia,but he has worked in China for five years. So you can talk with him _.A.either in English or Chinese B.n
33、ot in Chinese but in EnglishC.just in English,not in Chinese D.neither in Chinese nor in English( )23._,young man! If you are late for work. again, youll lose your job.A.Watch your head B.Take it easy C.Use your head D.Have a look( )24.If you dont work hard,youll _others.A.get to B.wait for C.hear o
34、f D.fall behind( )25.Why are you in such a hurry?-I was told that my mother had been sent to the hospital. I have to leave.A.before long B.rigth now C.from now on D.all the time( )26.Toms ill in hospital and his mother is _ him.A.looking for B.looking over C.looking at D.looking after( )27.Why could
35、nt you _ the correct spelling of the word?-Err, I hadnt got a Chinese-English dictionary at hand.A.look sown B.look for C.look up D.look at( )28.You look very tired this morning. What did you do yesterday afternoon?-I did _ Christmas shopping.A.a lot of B.a few of C.a number of D.a piece of( )29.Hav
36、e you _ your new classmates yet?A.have friends with B.made friend with C.got friend to D.made friends with( )30.Shall we turn _? The rain is getting heavier.A.back B.round C.away D.over( )31.Mr Black,some boys are going to fight.-Youd better _ the police.A.send for B.send to C.look for D.look over(
37、)32.Hello! Could I speak to the headmaster,please?-_ for a moment,please. Ill get him as soon as possible. OK?A.Put on B.Hold on C.Turn on D.Get on( )33.Im going to school now. Bye,mom.-Wait! Its cold outside. _ your coat,please.A.Put on B.Take off C.Put up D.Take down( )34.You coat looks nice. Is i
38、t _ cotton?-Yes,its _ Shanghai.A.made of, made by B.made of,made in C.made for,made in D.made from,made by( )35.Remember to _ the lights after school.A.turn off B.turn down C.turn up D.turn on( )36.Excuse me. Where is the Science Museum?-Take No.3 bus and _ at the fourth stop.A.get on B.get off C.ge
39、t up D.get to( )37.Where can we get volleyball? Lets _.A.lend one from John B.lend John one C.borrow one of John D.borrow one from John( )38.Look out! The traffic is moving fast. Its _ dangerous _ cross the street.A,very,to B.so,to C.much,to D.too,to( )39.Miss Li told the children to walk one after
40、another. She didnt want them to _ in the park.A.get wrong B.get away C.get lost D.get ready( )40.The old man died _.A.for a few years B.since a few years C.a few years ago D.in a few years( )41.When the headmaster came into the hall,all the students _ to welcome him.A.sat down B.went out C.stood up
41、D.turned back( )42.Its not so difficult,Mr Green. I want _.-Come on,please.A.try B.a go C.starting D.to happen( )43.What do you _ breakfast?-Fresh oranges,milk,bread and eggs.A.cook with B.pay for C.have for D.think of( )44.After he had failed many times,he still said he wouldnt _ the programme.A.give up B.give away C.give off D.catch up
