1、定时训练(4).专题特训(情态动词与虚拟语气 )一、根据提示或语境填入适当的情态动词，使句意完整，然后熟读感悟。1When I lived with my roommates in the university，we _ often talk into the night.解析 句意：当我在大学与室友一 块住的时候，我 们常常谈话到深夜。would 在此表示过去的习惯性动作，其他几项 没有此意。答案 would2Students _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.解析 句意：学生应该坐在他 们的座位
2、上，直到所有的 试卷被收上来。该空 shall 表示规定、命令，故选 B。答案 shall3She didnt come to the party last Sunday._，she must have made the party more exciting.解析 句意：上星期五她没有来参加那个宴会。如果来的 话，她肯定能使那个宴会更加令人激动。在虚拟条件句中，如果将 If 省略， 则将助动词提前。Had she comeIf she had come。语 境为与 last Sunday 的事实相反。答案 Had she come4Why does Thomas speak through
3、every discussion but never listen to the others?Thats what he _ do.We used to hate that，but are used to it now.解析 句意：“为什么托马斯每次 讨论都一直说，但是，从来不听其他人的？” “那就是他愿意做的事。我们过去讨厌 (他那样做)，但是， 现在我们 已经习惯了。 ”will 表意愿，还可表示决心、许诺、指示、叮嘱等。答案 will5Brain，like muscles，also needs some kind of exercise and nutrition.The more y
4、ou use your brain in the right direction，the more you _ enhance your ability.解析 句意：大脑像肌肉一样 也需要一些锻炼和营养。以正确的方式用脑，你用得越多，就越能够增加你的能力。根据 语意可知，此 处表示“将，会”的概念，因此应用 will 一词。答案 will6The parcel was a whole week late.How I wish I _(choose) air mail instead.解析 句意：这个包裹晚了整整一周。我多么希望我当初 选择的是航空邮政。根据题干可知，本句考查的是 wish 后的
5、 宾语从句使用虚拟语气的用法。根据语境可知，此处是与过去情况相反的虚拟语气，故应用 “had过去分词”结构， had chosen 符合题意。答案 had chosen7David is often absent from class.Tell him he _ answer for it if he goes on behaving like that.解析 句意：David 现在经常旷课。告 诉他，如果再 这样，后果自负。情态动词 shall 用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，可表示警告、许诺、命令、威胁等语气。答案 shall8Can you keep a secret?You_ worryI
6、m not going to mention it to anyone.解析 句意：你能帮我保守秘密 吗？你不必担心，我不会向任何人提及的。neednt 不必要，根据句意可知应填 neednt。答案 neednt9If I _(take) your advice then，I think that the crops could be growing better.解析 句意：要是当时我听了你的建 议， 现在庄稼可能长得更好。由“then” 可知，此 处是对过去事实的虚拟，所以 if 引 导的条件句要用“had过去分词”形式。答案 had taken 10How was your trip t
7、o Yancheng last week?Wonderful! I only felt sorry that I _(visit) the nature reserve of redcrowned cranes，but the weather was awful.解析 句意：你上周去盐城的旅游怎么 样？相当不错！要不是天气糟糕的话，我本可以去参观丹顶鹤自然保护区的。那是我唯一感到 遗憾的事情。本题为含蓄式虚拟语气的表达，其中 but 引导的句子相当于 if 条件句。根据 语意可知，此 处 是对过去情况的假设虚拟，因此主句中的谓语动词应用“should/could/wouldhave done”
8、的形式。答案 could have visited11Nowadays children have more freedom.I agree.They _ do what they like.解析 句意：“如今孩子们有更多的自由。 ”“我同意。他们能够做他们喜欢做的事。 ”can意为“可以，能够” 。答案 can 12She often shares her deepest thoughts and fears with friends through QQ，as if they _(be) chatting in her living room.解析 考查虚拟语气。句意：她经常在 QQ 上和
9、朋友们分享她内心最深处的想法和担心，好像他们正在客厅里聊天似的。根据 语境可知， as if 引导 的状语从句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，因此，从句中用 be 的 过去式 were。答案 were13Oh，Im not feeling well in the stomach.I _(not eat) so much fried chicken just now.解析 考查情态动词。情态动词与动词原形连用可以表示对现在和将来的推测；当它与动词完成式连用时表示对过去的推测。shouldnt have done 意为“过去本不应该做某事” 。由语境可知，此处是指刚才本不 该吃那么多炸鸡。答案 sho
10、uldnt have eaten14Where did you get this book?I picked it up from a secondhand bookshop if you _ know.解析 考查情态动词辨析。句意：你在哪买到这本书的？如果你非要知道的话，我是在二手书店买到的。must 此处表示“非要，偏偏” ，符合题意。答案 must15Did Ann fail in English?She _(have)Dont you notice that she looks depressed?解析 句意：“安妮通过考试 了吗？” “她可能没有通过。你没有看到她很失落吗？”根据句意
11、可知是对过去的事情的推测，所以填 may have(failed)。答案 may have二、根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。1要是他按照医生要求的那样静静的躺着，他现在就不那么受罪了。If he had lain quietly as the doctor instructed，he _ so much now.(suffer)2现在已经 12 点了，难道你不认为我们该回家了吗？Its already 12 oclock now.Dont you think its about time we _？(go)3我昨天得了重感冒，否则，我就会完成作业了。I had a bad co
12、ld yesterday，otherwise I _ my homework.(finish)4要不是因为英语考试，我上周日就会去听音乐会。But for the English examination，I _ to the concert last Sunday.(go)5要不是因为她不会唱歌，我就邀请她参加聚会了。If it _ the fact that she cant sing，I would invite her to the party.(be)6即使太阳从西边升起，我对你的爱也不会变。If the sun were to rise in the west，my love for
13、 you _(change)7仔细检查后，Michel 的医生坚持认为他伤得很重，坚决要求他立刻动手术。After careful examination，Michels doctor insisted that he _ badly wounded and that he _ at once.(operate)8如果不是空气吸收了太阳的部分热量，夜晚地球会非常冷，不适合我们居住。Without the air to hold some of the suns heat，the earth at night _ for us to live on.(too)9我宁愿你明天去买书。I would
14、 rather you _ tomorrow.(go)10他谈起话来好像他已经知道了这个秘密。He talked as if he _ the secret.(know)答案 1.would not suffer 2.went home 3.would have finished 4.would have gone 5.were not for 6.would not change 7.was；should be operated on 8.would be too cold 9.went to buy books 10.had known.完形填空体裁：说明文 话题：人生哲学 时间：12 分
15、钟Negative criticism is always hard to take.However，there are several _1_ you can adopt to minimize the damage and improve future communication with the critic.First，it is essential to welcome criticism at all times.Often _2_ will react negatively when those they criticize are defensive.Try to listen
16、 to the _3_ behind the criticism，not the actual words.If you assume that your critic has your best interests at heart，it will be easier for you to be more open and less defensive，which in turn may help to _4_ the emotional charge of the situation.Second，it is important to listen carefully and _5_ qu
17、estions.Usually people are so scared when they receive criticism that they remain _6_ throughout the entire encounter.Asking clarifying questions in a modest manner can help identify specific issues.One of the best questions to ask is， “What _7_ do you have for me？”Echo what the critic is saying to
18、make sure that you understand their points.Third，_8_ the critic to deliver the sum of their criticism before responding.Do not try to rebut each point as it comes up，but do listen _9_，make mental notes，and discuss your perspective after youve received all of the bad news.Theres a good chance that th
19、ey will be more receptive to your _10_ if they feel youve given them the opportunity to be _11_ in full.Finally，it is absolutely critical to stay cool.It is natural to feel defensive when being criticized and it can be not easy not to _12_ that message in your body language.You may find yourself cro
20、ssing your arms and shrugging your _13_，and your breathing and heart rate may increase.Try to relax.Take a few deep breaths.Be aware of your own _14_ cues.If the situation becomes truly _15_，ask to take a quick bathroom break or suggest that you resume the conversation at a later date.【语篇导读】 本文介绍对受到
21、批评时应采取的四个策略：愉快地接受批评；认真倾听并提出问题；耐心听完批评再做回应；泰然自若地面对。1A.explanations BstrategiesCobstacles Dcharateristics解析 该句是文章的主题句，下文的四个自然段提出的是四个 应对批评的策略，同 时，该空是定语从句中的先行词，在从句中充当 adopt 的宾语。答案 B2A.receivers BoptimistsCcritics Dapplicants解析 与该句中的 they criticize 可知，critics 与 criticism，criticize 是同根词复现。答案 C3A.ideas Binf
22、ormationCexpression Dmistakes解析 与下文中的 not the actual words 相对应。 ideas 与 words 是语义场的同现。答案 A4A.expand Bspread Creduce Dtake解析 由第一段的 to minimize the damage 可知选 C。reduce 与 minimize 是近义词复现。答案 C5A.escape Brefuse C answer Draise解析 由下文的 Asking clarifying questions 和 One of the best questions to ask 可知。 rais
23、e与 ask 是近 义词复现。答案 D6A.confused Bsilent Cactive Dcalm解析 so scared.that“如此害怕以至于不敢吱声 ”，解 题策略是因果同 现。答案 B7A.suggestions BrequirementsCconclusions Ddisagreements解析 由上一句的 Asking clarifying questions in a modest manner 可知答案为 A。答案 A8A.forbid Binterrupt Callow Dpersuade解析 由下一句中的 Do not try to rebut each point
24、 as it comes up 可知不能在批评者每提一点时就急于去申辩，应“允 许(allow)”他把话说完。答案 C9A.hopefully BproperlyCconstantly Dattentively解析 由第二段 listen carefully 可知，应先耐心倾听。 attentively 与 carefully 为近义同现。答案 D10A.indifference BopinionCjudgment Dexistence解析 回应上文的 discuss your perspective after youve received all of the bad news。答案 B1
25、1A.caught BunderstoodCheard Dwitnessed解析 受批评者倾听即是批评者“被听”hear 与 listen 是反义同现。答案 C12A.hide Bconvey Cnotice Denquire解析 受批评时自然会感到不舒服，而 这种会在肢体语言中表露出来，即“不容易不表露出来” 。答案 B13A.legs Bhands Clips Dshoulders解析 shrug shoulders 是搭配同现。答案 D14A.personal BpsychologicalCmental Dphysical解析 crossing your arms and shruggi
26、ng your shoulders 与 physical cues 是上下义复现。答案 D15A.unbearable BunbelievableCunpredictable Dunchangeable解析 只有在“不能忍受的”情况下，作者才会建 议 ask to take a quick bathroom break。解 题策略是逻辑推断。答案 A.阅读理解A体裁：记叙文 话题：人生 经历 时间：7 分钟(2014天津五校联考)When I was young I wanted to be a model，so when a national contest was staged，I con
27、vinced my parents to take me for an audition(试演) I was selected and told I had potential.They said that for only $900 I could attend a weekend event which dozens of the most prestigious(有声望的) modeling agencies from around the world would attend.At 13，my hopes of fame and fortune clouded all judgment
28、 and I begged my parents to let me go.We have never been rich，but they saw my enthusiasm and agreed.I imagined being signed by some famous model companies.For months，any boredom or disappointment I faced was pushed aside because I knew I would soon have the chance to be a real model.I thought I woul
29、d grace the covers of famous magazines!Of course，I wasnt signed，but what hurt the most was being told that if I grew to 59”(about 1.75 metres)I could be a success.I prayed for a growth spurt (冲刺)because I could not imagine giving up my dream.I made an appointment with a local modeling agency and the
30、 agent demanded $500 for classes，$500 for a photo shoot，and $300 for other expenses.My parents only agreed after hours and hours of my begging.The agency sent me out on a few auditions，but with every day I didnt receive a call，I grew more depressed.The_final_straw came in July after I had decided to
31、 focus on commercial modeling.There was an open call in New York City.We spent hours driving and another few hours waiting， only to be told that I was too short.I was devastated(感到难以承受的) Years later，I realized that the trip to New York was good as it made me notice I didnt actually love modeling，jus
32、t the idea of it.I wanted to be special and I was innocently determined to reach an impossible goal.The experience has made me stronger and that will help me in the future.1Whats the main reason why the author wanted to be a model?AShe won a national contest.BShe wanted to get reputation and wealth.
33、CShe was urged by some modeling agencies.DShe had full potential to be a successful model.解析 细节理解题。由文章第一段倒数第二句可知，B 项中的 reputation 和 wealth 正好体现出来。答案 B2Whats the authors parents attitude towards her dream?AEncouraging. BWorried.CDoubtful. DEnthusiastic.解析 推理判断题。从文章第一段中 “I begged my parents to let me
34、go”和第三段最后一句话“My parents only agreed after hours and hours of my begging”，作者多次 请求父母可以看出父母对此事深表怀疑，不怎么同意。答案 C3What was it that made the author end her attempt to become a model?AHer parents were strongly against it.BShe realized that it was impossible for her.CEven a local modeling agency turned her do
35、wn.DShe realized that she didnt actually love the idea of modeling.解析 细节理解题。从最后一段中 “I wanted to be special and I was innocently determined to reach an impossible goal.”可得出答案。答案 B4The underlined phrase “The final straw” probably means _Athe last in a series of bad things that happen to make someone v
36、ery upset，angry ，etcBthe final result that she was admitted by the model companyCthe final audition given by the agencyDthe decision that she made at last not to be a model any more解析 词义猜测题。倒数第二段 说到作者每天都在等电话 ，可 还是失望了。在决定从事商业模特后，作者去纽约，几个小时的驾驶和等待后再次被告知因个子太矮而被拒 绝，作者感到难以承受，由此可知画线词组 “最后一根稻草”指的是不好的事情。答案 A
37、5What did the author learn from her experience of struggling to be a model?AWhere theres a will theres a way.BBeing a model is not that easy.CWe should have our own judgment and should not just follow others.DWe might set unpractical goals but the experiences can help us grow.解析 推理判断题。由文章最后一句 话可知答案。
38、答案 DB体裁：议论文 话题：健康科学 时间：7 分钟(2014济南四校联考)According to body language expert Robert Phipps，the way people sleep at night actually determines a lot about the type of personality they have.Phipps has identified four sleeping positions that affect personality.Phipps found that worriers，those who stress the
39、 most，tend to sleep in the fetal(胎儿的)position.He found that this is the most common bedtime position，with nearly 58 percent of people sleeping on their side with knees up and head down.The more we curl up(蜷曲) ，the more comfort we are seeking，according to Phipps.The second most common position is the
40、 log.Sleeping with a straight body，with arms at each side，as if they are standing guard at Buckingham Palace，indicates stubbornness，and these people(the 28 percent who sleep this way)often wake up stiffer than when they went to sleep.“The longer you sleep like this，the more rigid your thinking is an
41、d you can become inflexible，which means you make things harder for yourself， ” according to Phipps.Yearner(向往型)sleepers are next on the list.About 25 percent of people sleep in this styleon their side with arms stretched out in front，looking as if they are either chasing a dream or perhaps being cha
42、sed themselves.Yearners are typically their own worst critics，always expecting the best results，explained Phipps.These people often wake up refreshed and eager to face the challenges of the day ahead.Perhaps the most peculiar(奇怪的 )of sleep styles is the freefaller position.This sleep style makes up
43、17 percent of the population.They sleep face down with arms stretched out.These people， according to Phipps， feel like they have little control over their life.Not only is this the strangest of sleep styles，but also the least comfortable，and people may wake up feeling tired and have no energy.In con
44、clusion，Phipps has only one more thing to add：“A good nights sleep sets you up for the following day and our sleeping positions can determine how we feel when we wake.”6Which of the following is the best title of the passage?AA Good Nights Sleep Sets You Up for the Following DayBYour Personality Dep
45、ends a Lot on How You Sleep at NightCHow You Sleep at Night Affects What You Do the Next DayDWhich Sleeping Position Helps You Sleep Comfortably解析 主旨大意题。根据本文的主 题句中的“the way people sleep at night actually determines a lot about the type of personality they have”可知，本文主要讲的是“一个人晚上睡觉的姿势在很大程度上决定了这个人的个性特点”
46、 。答案 B7Which of the following pictures is the fetal position?解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “with nearly 58 percent of people sleeping on their side with knees up and head down”可知， “胎儿睡姿”的姿势是“侧躺，头朝下、膝盖往上蜷成一团” ，故选 D 项。答案 D8The underlined word “rigid” is closest in meaning to “_”Astubborn BflexibleCcomfortable Dstr
47、ange解析 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的 “indicates stubbornness”和第四段中的“you can become inflexible”可推知，该词 与 A 项意思最接近。答案 A9Which sleeping position indicates that the sleeper tends to seek perfection?AThe fetal position. BThe log position.CThe yearner position. DThe freefaller position.解析 细节理解题。根据第五段第三句可知， “向往型睡姿”的人对自己要求严格，追求完美。答案 C10Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?CP：Central Point P ：Point Sp：Subpoint C：Conclusion解析 文章结构题。第一段是文章的主 题段落，点出主 题；第二段到第六段分 别介绍了“胎儿睡姿” “树干睡姿” “向往型睡姿”和“自由落体睡姿”等四种不同睡姿及其对应的个性类型；最后一段得出结论。由此可 见 A 项表明了该篇文章的结构。答案 A
