1、1情态动词专项复习导学案高三英语备课组 牛洪涛 2012-10-14教学目标：1.掌握情态动词一般时的基本用法，尤其是 can/could/may/might/must 表推测、canttoo、must 表示“偏要”shall、should 以及 wont 的用法。2.掌握情态动词完成时的基本用法以及和虚拟语气的联系。3.掌握虚拟语气的用法。1. 情态动词 can/could请根据例句归纳情态动词 can/could 的用法：She can drive, but she cant ride a bicycle.思考：be able to 和 can/could 怎么区别：The fire sp
2、read through the hotel very quickly, but everyone was able to get out.Can I use your phone?思考：Could I use your phone? 是否正确？Can he be a student?He cant be a student.Children are generally lovely, but they can be tiring sometimes.Even experienced teachers can make mistakes.He is such a great man that
3、we can not praise him too much.You can never be too careful.2. May & might 的用法May I use your camera?思考:可否用 can/could/Might 代替上一句中的 may？He may be a student.Since we have nothing better to do, we may/might as well go for a walk3. Must 的用法-Must I wash the dishes at once?-Yes, you must.2-No, you neednt.
4、 You mustnt smoke here.He must be a student.Must you make so much noise while I am working?If you must know, Im going to help him look for an apartment.总结：can/may/must 表示“推测”的区别： He may be a student, but I am not sure. He must be a student, I bet.4. need & dare 的用法 You neednt tell him about it. She
5、dare not do so. I need to buy a book. She dares to do so. She dares not (to) do so.5. shall 的用法： Shall we go out for a walk?Shall the driver wait outside？ You shall go to the front at once. He shall be sorry one day. I tell you. Dont worry. You shall get the answer this very afternoon. Nothing shall
6、 stop us from fighting against pollution.6.should 的用法： You should apologize to him.We should attend the meeting. The photo should be ready by 12.The concert should be great fun. Im surprised that you should be so rude to the young lady.Its a pity that he should fail in the exam.7.Will 的用法：I can lend
7、 the book to you if you will read it.The door wont open. My car wont start.6. Would 的用法：Would you mind my opening the window?3I would like to join in your discussion.I would often go skating when I was a child.We would often stay up all night talking about our future.情态动词完成时的用法： can/could have done
8、的用法： Can/Could he have left?He cant have forgotten it. You could have arrived earlier.2. May & Might have doneHe may/might have left. He may have arrived earlier.3. Must have doneIt must have rained last night, for the road is wet.注意：must 用于完成时只有这一个用法，不存在 mustnt have done 的用法。 4.其它一些情态动词词完成时的用法： You
9、 should have/shouldnt have told her the truth. You ought to have told her the truth.You ought not to have told her the truth. You neednt have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my house.虚拟语气的用法： 虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的运用: 与现在事实相反的假设：条件句： 主句：.If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad.If I kn
10、ew the answer, I would tell you.与过去事实相反的假设：从句：主句： If you had taken my advice, you would have passed the exam. If I had known the answer then, I would have told you. 与将来事实相反条件句：4主句：If it snowed/should snow/ were to snow tomorrow, we would put off the meeting. 错综条件句If I had taken your advice then, I w
11、ouldnt have so much trouble now.注意：从句中的 if 有时可以省略，但要把 were, had, should 提到句首，变为倒装句。 If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad. Were I you, I would seize the chance to go abroad. If you had taken my advice, you would have passed the exam. Had you taken my advice, you would have passed the
12、exam.If it should snow/ were to snow tomorrow, we would put off the meeting. Should/Were it to snow tomorrow, we would put off the meeting.2.其它形式的虚拟语气： wish 后的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不能实现的愿望。 I wish that I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky. I wish that I had met the film star yesterday. I wish tha
13、t I could meet the film star tomorrow.总结：表示现在或将来难以实现的愿望，句子构成为：表示与过去难以实现的愿望，句子构成为：if only 的用法与 wish 相同。.If only I had met the film star yesterday. .If only I were a bird. He suggested that we (should) start off early in the morning. His suggestion is that we (should) start off early in the morning. H
14、e made a suggestion that we (should) start off early in the morning. It is suggested that we (should) start off early in the morning. It is high/about time that 句型中，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时或 should+动词原形（其中 should 不能省略） 。 It is (high) time that you _ (go) to school. It is (high) time that you _ (go) to school.
15、as/as though 引导的从句有时也要用虚拟语气。 He walks as if he _(ill). He walks as if he _(ill) to escape being punished.4. 含蓄条件句有时虚拟的情况不以 if 引导的条件从句形式表现出来，而是通过一个介词短语、连词或其它形式表示。常用的连词或介词短语有：without, with, but for, otherwise, or, but 等。 Without your help, we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time. But for your help, we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time. I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have attended the meeting. I was ill that day, or I would have attended the meeting. I would rather you came tomorrow. I would rather I had not told him the bad news.
