1、1倒装句一.概念：英语句子通常有两种语序:一种主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序,另一种谓误在前,主语在后,称为倒装语序二.相关知识点精讲：按“主语+ 谓语” 这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序。如果排列顺序变为“谓语（或谓语一部分）+主语” ，就是倒装。倒装句分为：完全倒装： 整个谓语移至主语前面叫完全倒装。部分倒装：只把助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前叫部分倒装。1. 当以 there, here, out , in , up , down, away 等副词开头的句子，为了起到强调的作用，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。Our teacher came in.
2、 In came our teacher.这种倒装要求：主语必须是名词。主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语语序不变。Here it is. Away he went.这类倒装句式一般只用一般现在时和一般过去时。Here comes the bus. Out rushed the boys.2. how, then, just, often 表示时间的副词放在句首，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。Then came 8 years of the Anti Japanese War.3. 表地点状语的介词短语放在句首，要用倒装句式，以示强调。这种倒装句也是主谓直接调换位置
3、，不加助动词 did, does 或 do.Under a big tree _, half asleep.A. did sat a fat man B. a fat man sat C. did a fat man sat D. sat a fat man4. there 放在句首时，要用倒装句式。在“there + be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用 be , 而用表示类似“存在”观念的其他不及物动词。如：live, stand, come, lie, flow, enter, rise 和 appear 等。There came shouts for help from the river.
4、There lies a large wheat field in front of the house.Many years ago there lived an old man in the wooden house.In front of the tower flews a stream.5. so + 动词+主语 neither/ nor + 动词+主语表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。否则要用 so it is withYou can ride a bike. So can I . He has been to Beijing. So ha
5、ve I .The first one isnt good, neither is the second.His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years. So it is with his aunt.6. so+ 形容词/副词 that 的结构状语从句可以用正常语序表示，也可以把 so+形容词/副词放于句首构成倒装。句型如下： so +形容词/副词+be/ 助动词/情态动词 that +从句。Light travels so fast that it is difficult
6、for us to imagine its speed.= So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.So easy was the work that they finished it in a few days.7. done 做形容词在句中做表语时，常把表语放在句首，要用倒装句式。 Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil.8. 否定副词 not , never, seldom,
7、 nowhere, little , rarely 放于句首时要用倒装句式。We seldom get up at four in the morning.= Seldom do we get up at four in the morning. Not a single word from him could the enemy drag.Rarely have I heard of such a silly thing.9. hardlywhen; scarcelywhen; no soonerthan 可以用正常语序 had hardly done when did 或用2倒装句式 Ha
8、rdly had + 主语+ done when did 句式。hardly 所在的句子用过去完成时。The bell hardly had rung when the class began.= Hardly had the bell rung when the class began.No sooner had he arrived in Beijing than he began to work.10. not only but also 如连接两个成分时，不用倒装；连接句子时，前面的句子要用倒装。Not only was everything that he had taken awa
9、y from him, but also his German citizenship.Not only is he busy, but also I have a lot of work to do.Not only does he speak English very well, but also he speaks French well.11. only 及所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，要用：only+ 状语+ be /助动词/情态动词+主语及其他Only when he told me the news did I know what had happened.Only
10、 in this way can you make progress in your English.12. 虚拟语气中的倒装句If I were you, I would take the job. = Were I you, I would take the job.练习：1._ and caught the mouse.A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumped C. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat2._ and the lesson began.A. In came Mr. Brown B. Mr.
11、Brown in came C. In came he D. came in Mr. Brown3.Over _ , dead.A. rolling the goat B. rolled the goat C. did the goat roll D. the goat rolled4.Where is my shirt, mum? _.A. There is it B. There it is C. There is D. Here is it省略句一. 概念：英语中,为了避免重复,常常省略句子中的一个或几个成分,这样的句子叫省略句 二.相关知识点精讲：1. 简单句中的省略：在对话中，交谈双
12、方都知道谈论的对象，则可以省略句子的主语，省略主语和谓语的现象在交际用语中出现的很多。（1）Looks like rain.（2）Hope to hear from you soon.（3）Sounds like a good idea.（4）Beg your pardon.（5）Feeling better today ?（6）This way, please.（7）What does he want to eat ?Some rice and vegetables.（8）Anything I can do for you ?（9）Sorry to hear that.（10）Doesnt
13、matter.（11）Terrible weather!（12）Pity you couldnt come.2. 并列句中的省略：在并列句中，相同的成分如主语，谓语，宾语等都可以省略：（1）They learn French and we English.（2）My father planned and built all these houses.3（3）John won the first race and Jimmy the second.（4）Coral is not a plant but a variety of animal life.3. 复合句中的省略：定语从句：（1）Tha
14、ts the reason he is late for the conference.（2）I dont like the way he talks.状语从句：（1）If heated, water will boil.（2）Tom was attacked by cramp while swimming across the river.（3）Well go to help you if necessary.（4）Had I time, I would come.（5）Ill go, should it be necessary.（6）The captain can find a boat
15、 quicker than we can.宾语从句：如果宾语从句中的谓语部分与主句的谓语部分或上文的谓语部分相同，可将从句部分的谓语省略。（1）We will do what we can（do）to help you.（2）Is Mr. King in his office?Sorry, I dont know（whether he is in his office or not.4. 动词不定式的省略：在动词不定式结构中，为了避免重复，常常省略不定式结构中的动词原形，只保留 to。（1）Would you like to go with us ?Im glad to, but I have
16、 to finish my homework.（2）Dont tell me the name of the sailor if you dont want to.（3）Have you ever been to the seaside?No, we cant afford to.在 used to, ought to, have to, would like/love to, wish to, be going to 等结构中，常常省略 to 后面的动词原形。（1）They do not visit their parents as much as they ought to.（2）He d
17、oesnt get up early as he used to.（3）Ill hand it in if I have to.（4）Would you like to come tonight ? Id love to.Tell , warn , order , advise , ask 等动词的宾语后面接动词不定式做宾语补足语时，可以省略 to 后面的动词原形。（1）He wanted to swim across the river but I warned him not to.（2）The boy wanted to play football in the street, but
18、his mother told him not to.1. _, I will help you with your work.A. If I am possible B. If it possible C. If possible D. Possible2. Do you follow me? Yes, _.A. it is good B. I will C. perfectly D. very good3. How are you getting on with your work ?Oh, Im sorry. Things arent going so well as _.A. plans B. planning C. planned D. to plan4. Are you a teacher?No, but I _. I worked in a middle school for three years.A. am B. will C. do D. was
