1、一. 大纲的主要内容计算机专业英语是中央广播电视大学软件开发与应用专业（专科）的统设必修基础课。本课程72学时，共4学分。,课程任务： 通过本课程的学习，掌握本专业常用英语词汇和习惯表达方式； 提高英语阅读和翻译能力，能够从英文资料中获取知识，为熟练阅读英文的计算机技术文 献、资料和书籍打下良好基础； 通过本课程的学习，提高使用英语获取专业知识和信息的能力。,各章内容：,基础篇： Chapter1 Computer Hardware Fundamentals Chapter2 Operating Systems Chapter3 Application Software,专业篇： Chapte
2、r4 Database System Chapter5 Programming and Design Chapter6 Software Engineering,应用篇： Chapter7 Computer Networks Chapter8 Computer Application Systems Chapter9 Extended Topics of Computer Application,二. 教学内容的组织形式,文字教材的结构安排,全书分为9章；每章由3课组成；每课由一篇课文和两篇阅读材料组成。,课文编选和章节安排的考虑,覆盖计算机专业的主要专业基础领域尽量遵循计算机专业知识的学习顺
3、序循序渐进地培养和提高学生的阅读和翻 译能力,课文,每一课的教学内容和练习包含:,New words,Notes,Phrases and Expressions,Exercise,Comprehension,Vocabulary,Translation,练习,练习,Reading Materials,Passage A 和 Passage B,均配有一项练习 comprehension,Chapter 1 Computer Hardware Fundamentals,1.1 The Central Processing Unit,Passage A Computer Hardware,Pass
4、age B Monitor and System Unit,CPU的组成 Control Unit Arithmetic/Logic Unit Control Unit 作用：direct and coordinate most of the computer systems activities. Arithmetic/Logic Unit的作用:perform all the arithmetic and logical functions.,Reading Materials,1.2 RAM and ROM,Passage A Computer Secondary Storage,Pas
5、sage B Expansion card,RAM(random access memory) 随机访问存储器功能：hold the program and data that the CPU is presently processing.特点：volatile or temporary storage. The content will vanish when you turn the machine off. ROM（read only memory)只读存贮器 功能： hold the program that check out your hardware components wh
6、en you turn the computer on.特点：nonvolatile storage. The instruction will not be lost when you turn the computer off.,Reading Materials,1.3 Input and Output,Passage A Output devices in virtual reality,Passage B Advanced Input,keyboard Input devices( 输入设备): mousescannerprinter output devices(输出设备): pl
7、ottermonitor,Reading Materials,Chapter 2 Operating Systems,2.1 The Definition of Operating System,Passage A The Computer System,Passage B Characteristics of Operating System,OS的作用:the main control programMulti-userOS的分类 MultitaskingMultiprocessingMultithreading allocate resourceOS具备的功能 : schedule ta
8、skmonitor activities,Reading Materials,2.2 PC Operating System,Passage A A Brief History of PC Operating System,Passage B An Overview of the UNIX Operating System,PC 为personal computer，个人计算机。PC上的OS包括: DOS, Windows, OS/2, Unix, Linux, Mac OS)Windows OS特点是：GUI(graphical user interface)图形用户界面,Reading M
9、aterials,2.3 Introduction to Windows XP,Passage A An Overview of Windows XP Home Edition,Passage B Windows NT: A Network Operating System,Windows 的发展历史： Windows 3X, Windows95, Windows NT, Windows 98, Windows me, Windows 2000, Windows XP介绍Windows XP的特点(与Windows family 其他的成员相比较,不详述),Reading Materials,
10、Chapter 3 Application Software,3.1 What is Application Software,Passage A & B Bill Gates Speech to Tsinghua University,Application的定义:(end-user program)be designed directly for the user.与system software（系统软件）的区别system software is the brain of the computer.application software trains the brain to wor
11、k.,Reading Materials,3.2 Introduction to Several Application Software,Passage A WinZip,Passage B Macromedia Flash,Word processor (Microsoft Word, WPS)Spreadsheet (Lotus 1-2-3, Microsoft Excel)Database (SQL Sever, Oracal) 常用的应用软件 Web browser (Netscape Navigator, IE)CAD/CAM (computer aided design/manu
12、facturing)Data compression (Winzip, Winrar)Java applet,Reading Materials,3.3 Introduction to Microsoft Word,Passage A Office Automation,Passage B The forms of Office Automation,Microsoft Word is a member of Microsoft Office.Title bar（标题栏）Menu bar （菜单栏）Standard toolbar（工具栏） Word XP的interface(界面） Scro
13、ll bar （滚动条）Ruler （标尺）Text area （文本区域）Status bar（状态栏）,Reading Materials,Chapter 4 Database Systems,4.1 A Brief Introduction to Database Systems,Passage A Database Basics,Passage B Database Security,DB的定义：a collection of information.在DB中 column (列） field（字段）row （行） record（记录）管理数据库需要用DBMS (Database Ma
14、nagement System)数据库管理系统,Reading Materials,4.2 Different Types of Databases,Passage A Types of Database Access from the Web,Passage B Database Types,介绍了常用的数据的两种类型：Flat-file和RelationalFlat-file DB 特点：for small amount of database.(不常用） 缺点： easy to be destroyed.Relational DB 特点：tables can be linked to e
15、ach other.（常用） 优点：no duplication of data.,Reading Materials,4.3 Introduction to SQL Server,Passage A SQL Server Administration,Passage B SQL Server Backup and Restore,Microsoft SQL Server 是RDBMS (Relational Database Management System).Microsoft SQL Server是client/server(客户端/服务器）的 DB通过建立一个新的SQL数据库的过程,
16、 说明SQL Server的一些使用特点,Reading Materials,Chapter 5 Programming And Design,5.1 Introduction to Programming,Passage A Computers are very, very stupid,Passage B Procedural, Structured, and Object-Oriented,Programming的含义:develop program for the solution of computational problemsWrite a programCompile the
17、program程序设计的步骤: Run the programDebug the programRepeat the whole process 从历史发展的角度看程序设计方法和思想的一些变化,Reading Materials,5.2 Programming Languages,Passage A The History of Computer Programming Languages,Passage B A New Programming Language Java,程序设计语言的作用:facilitate the communication between human and comp
18、uter.machine language程序设计语言的种类: assembly language, high-level language1950s: COBOL, FORTRAN 高级语言的发展简介： 1970s: Pascal, C1990s: C+, Java,Reading Materials,5.3 Introduction to Visual Basic,Passage A New Language Features of VB6,Passage B Classes in Visual Basic,简介: a much-enhanced of the BASICthe Stand
19、ard version三个版本 the Professional versionthe Enterprise versionIDE（集成开发环境） 涉及到两个重点词组 MDI(多文档界面) SDI(单文档界面）VB的IDE包括:Menu/toolbar, Project/Property/Code Windows, Form,Reading Materials,Chapter 6 Software Engineering,6.1 Introduction to Software Engineering,Passage A The Software Life Cycle,Passage B Th
20、e Process of software development,软件危机（software crasis)的出现导致了软件工程（ software engineering ） 的产生。“软件工程”的定义：the application of engineering to software.Requirement analysis and specificationDesign软件开发的五个阶段 Coding, TestingMaintenance,Reading Materials,6.2 Object-Orientation Software Development,Passage A
21、Object-Oriented Languages,Passage B Eleven Commandments by Bill Gates,Object-oriented development是一个新技术：improve the programmer productivity.What is object? Everything is an object. An object is a “black box” which receives and sends messages.面向对象的软件开发的三个阶段：OOA (Object-oriented Analysis)面向对象分析OOD (Ob
22、ject-oriented Design)面向对象设计OOP (Object-oriented programming)面向对象编程,Reading Materials,6.3 Software Testing,Passage A Software Quality Assurance,Passage B Software Maintenance,软件测试的作用: the execution of a programming to find its faults.测试的分类 black box testing（黑盒测试）white box testing （白盒测试）black box test
23、ing又叫functional testing: to assess how well a program meets its requirements. white box testing又叫glasses testing: to reveal problems with the internal structure of a program.,Reading Materials,Chapter 7 Computer Networks,7.1 A brief introduction to networking systems,Passage A Sending Data Over Comm
24、unication Media,Passage B Topology,Computer Network(计算机网络)的定义：links computer together to allow user to share hardware, software and data.star（星型）Computer Network三种topologies bus （总线）ring（环形） computer network 的分类 LAN (局域网）WAN（广域网）网络设备及作用(hub, switch, router, bridge, gateway),Reading Materials,7.2 The
25、 Internet,Passage A Web Search Strategies,Passage B An Introduction to E-Mail,Internet 的作用：The internet makes the information on computers throughout the world available to as many as users as possible. HTML语言是实现Internet链接的主要技术。HTML（Hyper Text Markup Language)超文本链接语言Internet的相关服务(E-Mail, FTP, Telnet
26、,),Reading Materials,7.3 Introduction to TCP/IP Protocol,Passage A Making Connections,Passage B Advantages of ISDN,TCP/IP协议是Transmission control Protocol 和Internet Protocol.TCP/IP协议与OSI参考模型路由过程与IP地址,Reading Materials,Chapter 8 Computer Application Systems,8.1 Management Information System,Passage A
27、Types of Management Information Systems,Passage B Introduction to ERP Systems,MIS系统的作用列举MIS系统的一个应用简例EMISMIS系统的四个元素及其它们在系统中的作用(People, hardware, software, data),Reading Materials,8.2 Electronic Commerce System,Passage A Benefits of Using Electronic Commerce,Passage B Issues Raised by Electronic Comme
28、rce,Electronic Commerce的定义: buying or selling and exchanging on internet.Electronic Commerce的两种主要形式:B2C(Business-to-Business)企业与企业B2B(Business-to-Consumer)企业与个人电子商务的优缺点,Reading Materials,8.3 Multimedia System,Passage A An Introduction to MPC,Passage B An Introduction to MP3,Multimedia is the synthes
29、is of media.text（文本）audio（音频）Multimedia的媒体形式 video （视频）picture （图片）image（图像）多媒体系统的特征,Reading Materials,Chapter 9 Extended Topics of Computer Application,9.1 Introduction to Data Warehouse,Passage A One Powerful Idea in Data Warehousing,Passage B How to Handle Time in a Data Warehouse,Data和Informatio
30、n的区别: data informaitonData warehouse的特点通过列出的数据仓库设计人员的12条责任, 间接介绍了数据仓库设计的主要步骤,Reading Materials,be organized and displayed,9.2 Computer Virus,Passage A Virus Protection Fundamentals,Passage B On Computer Virus,Computer virus is a program that make and spread copies of itself. 一些典型计算机病毒的入侵和作用形式,such a
31、s Troan Horse, Worm etc.如何防范计算机病毒的攻击.,Reading Materials,9.3 Network Security Basics,Passage A Network Security White Paper,Passage B Network Security and Social Engineering,什么是Hacks(黑客)防止黑客攻击的措施(Patches, Firewall, Intrusion detection system)一些关于网络安全的理念,Reading Materials,通过学习,希望学生能在三方面有明显的提高:,1.词汇(包括缩写词),2.阅读,3.翻译,四. 考核说明,考核方式：采用形成性考核和终结性考试相结合的方式。 记分方法：形成性考核成绩在课程总成绩中占20%，终结性考试成绩在课程总成绩中占80%。课程总成绩为百分制，60分为合格。,试题结构,五. 网上教学辅导,文本辅导 作业与自测 文本答疑 IP课件,谢谢诸位!,
