1、英语3000常用词用法详解词典(下)other adj.别的，其他的：There are other ways to do this exercise. 做这个练习还可用别的方法。/ Have you any other book on this subject? 你还有别的关于这个主题的书吗？pron.其他的人或物：There are two girls. One is from London, and the other is from New York. 这里有两个女孩，一个是从伦敦来的，另一个来自纽约。 other than 除了，除之外：Theres nobody here othe
2、r than me. 除了我这里没别人。/ each other 互相，彼此 / none other than no other than 不是别的，正是 【用法】1.意为“其他的(人或物 )”“别的(人或物) ”，表特指时其前用定冠词，表泛指时其前不用冠词。2.other 与数词连用时，通常应放在数词之后，但若有定冠词修饰，则也可放在数词之前：He has written two other books. 他又写了两本书。 3.other 与 all, some, any, every, no, the 以及物主代词等限定词连用时，应置于其后，其后若需再接名词，该名词根据情况可用单数或复数
3、：Ill treat you to lunch some other day. 改天我请你吃午饭。otherwise adv.1.不同地：You obviously think otherwise. 显然你的想法不同。2.(在)其他方面：The soup was too salty, but otherwise the meal was excellent. 这汤太咸了，除此之外，这顿饭好极了。3.conj. (在不同情况下)否则：Do what you have been told, otherwise youll be punished. 照所吩咐的做，否则你将受罚。ouch interj
4、.(突然受痛时的叫声) 哎哟ought v.aux.应该，应当： You ought to be punctual. 你应该守时。/ You ought to work harder. 你应该更努力工作。our pron.我们的(形容词性物主代词)：This is our classroom. 这是我们的教室。ours pron.我们的(名词性物主代词)：This room is ours. 这个房间是我们的。ourselves pron.1.我们自己(we的反身代词)：We will do it ourselves. 我们自己会做的。2.我们亲自：We made dinner ourselv
5、es. 我们自己做晚餐。out adv.1.在(户)外，外面：Lets go out for a walk. 我们出去散散步吧。/ All yesterday he was out. 昨天他整天在外面。 2.离开，不在：They went out to Africa. 他们到非洲去了。outdoors adv.在户外，在野外：walking outdoors for fresh air 走到户外呼吸新鲜空气outer adj.远离中心的，外面的： The outer walls of the house were made of brick. 这座房子的外墙是砖砌的。outside n.C外部
6、，外边，外界：The outside of the house needs painting. 这房子的外部需要油漆。adj. 1.外部的，外面的，外表的：The outside parts of some fruit are not good to eat. 有些水果的外面部分不好吃。2.户外的，野外的： Outside workers need warm clothes in winter. 冬天在户外工作的人需要暖和的衣服。adv.向外面，在外面：Come outside and see my car. 出来看看我的汽车。prep.向外，在外：Dont smoke here. Pleas
7、e go outside the room. 这里不能抽烟，请到屋外抽吧。over adv.1.越过，溢出：The milks boiling over! 牛奶煮得溢出来了。2.翻，颠倒，翻转：Turn the page over. 翻过这一页。/ She knocked the vase over. 她碰倒了花瓶。3.完全地，从头到尾地：I have read it over. 我曾读过一遍。4.横过，过来：Come and sit over here. 过来坐到这儿。5.再，重复地：We did the house over and bought new furniture. 我们把房子重
8、新布置了一番并买了新家具。prep.1.上方，在上面：The lamp hung over the table. 那盏灯悬挂在桌子上方。2.覆盖在之上：Throw a sheet over the bed. 在床上铺一条床单。3.跳过：go over the mountain 翻过那座山 4.横越，横跨：The ball rolled over the grass. 球滚过草地。5.在那边，在 对面：He lives over the road. 他住在马路对面。6.遍及：They travelled (all) over Europe. 他们游遍了欧洲。7.多于，超过：He stayed i
9、n London for over a month. 他在伦敦呆了一个多月。8.在 期间：over the years 这些年来【辨析】over 与 above：参见 above。overcoat n.C大衣：He wore a hat, gloves and an overcoat. 他戴着帽子、手套，还穿着大衣。own adj.& pron.属于自己 (的)：That is my own book. 那是我自己的书。v.拥有，持有：Who owns this land? 这块土地是谁的？ on ones own 独自，靠自己：She lives on her own. 她一个人过。 own
10、er n.C物主，所有人：Who is the owner of this house? 谁是这房子的房主？ox n.(pl. oxen)C牛，公牛：Oxen pull plows on many farms in the world. 世界上很多农场多用牛耕田。Ppace n.1.C一步，步幅：It takes 30 paces to cover the distance. 这有 30 步的距离。 2.(用单数) 步速：The child can go at a good pace now. 这孩子现在能快速行走了。 3. (用单数)节奏，速度：After the war, the pace
11、 of development slow down. 战后发展的步伐放慢了。Pacific adj.太平洋的：the Pacific Ocean 太平洋pack n.C包，背包：The soldier carried a pack on his back. 这个军人背上背着一个小包。 v.包装：Pack them in dozens. 把它们成打地包起来。pack up 打好旅行用的行李：He packed up his things and left. 他把行李打点好就走了。package n.1.C包，包袱，包裹：She sent him a large package of books.
12、 她寄给他一大包书。2.C一整套东西，一揽子交易： a new software package 一套新的套装软件packet n.1.C小包，包裹：a packet of letters 一包信 2.C小盒：a packet of cigarettes 一盒香烟 3.C大笔款项： The house cost me a packet. 那栋房子花了我一大笔钱。page n.1.C页，页码，版： The book has 120 pages. 这本书有 120 页。2.C一张(两面) ：One page had been torn from her diary. 她的日记有一页被撕掉了。pai
13、n n.1.U痛苦，悲痛：His disappearance caused his parents a great deal of pain. 他的失踪使他的父母非常地悲痛。2.C,U痛，疼痛：Ive got a terrible pain in my back. 我的背很疼。painful adj.令人疼痛的，令人痛苦的：My back is so painful that I cannot stand up right any more. 我的背疼痛难忍，我现在甚至站不直了。【说明】painful 的意思是“造成或引起痛苦的”，因此，主语不能是人，其主语往往是人体的某一部位。paint n
14、.1.U油漆： The paint on the wall is chipping off. 墙壁上的漆在剥落。2.(用复数)颜料：a box of paints 一盒颜料 v.1.给上油漆：He painted the wall yellow. 他把墙漆成黄色。2.(用颜料等)绘，画：She painted the view from the hotel window. 她画旅馆窗户外面的风景。painter n.C绘画者，(油) 画家，油漆工painting n.1.C油画，水彩画 2.U绘画：After retirement he took up painting. 退休后他开始学起了绘
15、画。pair n.C一双，一对，一副：a pair of shoes 一双鞋 / a pair of gloves 一副手套 / a pair of glasses 一副眼镜 / The vases were sold as a pair. 这两个花瓶是成对出售的。 in pairs 成对地：The children walked in pairs. 孩子们成对地走。【用法】当 a pair of 或 pairs of 等接名词用作主语时，谓语动词一般应与 pair 的数保持一致：This pair of trousers is new. 这条裤子是新的。/ These pairs of so
16、cks are cheap. 这几双袜子很便宜。palace n.C宫，宫殿：the Childrens Palace 少年宫 / the Summer Palace 颐和园 / the Palace Museum 故宫博物馆pale adj.1.苍白的，灰白的： He entered the room, his face pale. 他走进屋来脸色苍白。2.(颜色) 暗淡的，浅的：The sky was pale blue. 天空呈淡蓝色。pan n.C平底锅，锅：She fried the eggs in a frying pan. 她在平底锅里煎鸡蛋。panda n.C熊猫，大熊猫：Th
17、e giant panda is a lovely animal. 大熊猫是一种可爱的动物。pants n.(用复数)裤子：These pants are made of cotton. 这些裤子是棉质的。paper n.1.U纸： a paper bag 纸袋子 / All difficulties are also paper tigers. 一切困难也都是纸老虎。2.C报纸： It was in all the papers. 这事刊登在所有的报纸上。3.C试卷，考卷：Please hand in your papers now. 现在请把考卷交上来。4.C文章，论文，文件【用法】pap
18、er 作“纸张”解时为不可数名词，作“报纸，考卷，论文 ”解时是可数名词：He wrote his name and address on a slip of paper. 他把名字和地址写在一张纸条上。/ The teacher was marking the papers. 教师在批改考卷。paragraph n.C(文章的)段，段落：Begin a new paragraph here. 从这里开始另起一段。parcel n.C小包，包裹：Im just going to take this parcel to the post office. 我正要把这个包裹送到邮局去寄。【辨析】pa
19、rcel, package 与 packet：三者都指可以运送或邮寄的“包裹物件”，parcel 主要为英国用语，在美国英语中常用 package，而 packet 主要指按盒或按袋销售的物品的小包装。pardon n.C,U原谅，饶恕： I ask your pardon if I have offended you. 如有冒犯之处，请多多原谅。vt.1.原谅：Pardon me for interrupting (you). 对不起打扰(你) 了。2.饶恕，宽恕：His father pardoned him his faults. 他的父亲宽恕了他的过错。 pardon me 对不起，请
20、原谅【用法】用作动词时，表示“原谅”，通常是及物动词，其后除接名词或代词作宾语外，还接动名词(常带有逻辑主语 )作宾语，但不接不定式作宾语： Pardon my interrupting you. 请原谅我打断你的话。parent n.(通常用复数)父( 母)，双亲之一：Has Joe met your parents yet? 乔见过你的父母吗？【用法】1.因父母亲为两者，所以连用某些不定代词时可与 both, either, neither 连用，但不能与 all, any, none 连用。2.单数形式只表示“父亲”或“母亲”，要表示“父母双亲”须用复数形式 parents。Paris
21、n.巴黎：Paris is the capital and largest city of France. 巴黎是法国首都，也是其最大的城市。park n.C公园：We went for a walk in the park. 我们去公园散步了。v.停放( 车辆)，停车：Dont park the car in this street. 不得在这条街上停车。parking n.1.U停车：No Parking! 禁止停车! 2.U停车处，停车区：Theres plenty of parking behind the cinema. 影院后面有足够的停车场地。parrot n.C鹦鹉：The p
22、arrot picked its seed. 那只鹦鹉啄食饲料。part n.1.C,U部分，局部： Parts of this town are beautiful. 这城镇的部分地区很美。2.C零件：spare parts for cars 汽车零配件 / Do you sell motor car parts? 你们出售摩托车配件吗?take part in 参加，参与：Everybody took part in the discussion. 人人都参与讨论。 / for the most part 大部分，多半，通常：I enjoyed it for the most part.
23、大部分我都很喜欢。【辨析】take part in, attend 与 join：参见 join。particular adj.1.特别的，不寻常的：She always took particular notice of me. 她总是特别注意我。 2.独特的，特有的：I remember his particular way of smiling. 我记得他特有的微笑。 in particular 特别，尤其：The whole meal was good but the wine in particular was excellent. 整顿饭都很好，尤其是葡萄酒更好。partly ad
24、v.部分地，在一定程度上： I believe what he has said is partly true. 我相信他刚才说的话一部分是真实的。partner n.1.C搭档，合作者：They have been partners for years. 他们已是多年的搭档。2.C合伙人，股东： Hes a partner in a law firm. 他是一家律师事务所的合伙人。3.C配偶：a life partner 终身伴侣part-time adj.&adv.兼职的(地) ，部分时间的(地)：She works part-time. 她部分时间工作。/ I took a part-t
25、ime job on weekends. 周末我做兼职。party n.1.C团体，群体：a party of tourists 一群游客 2.C集会，聚会，宴会：I enjoyed myself very much at the party. 我在聚会中玩得非常愉快。3.C 政党，党派，党：a political party 政党pass v.1.传，递：Please pass me the salt. 请把盐递给我。 2.经过，通过：I hope you will pass the exam. 我希望你通过考试。 3.(时间) 流逝，度过(时间)，消磨( 时间)：Time passed q
26、uickly. 时间过得很快。 4.转让，传：On his death, the title passed to his eldest son. 他死后，爵位传给了长子。n. C免费券，通行证：You need a pass to get into the building. 你要有出入证才能进这座楼。pass by 漠视，不理会，走过：A coach passed by just a moment ago. 一辆长途汽车刚开过去。/ pass down 传递：Folk tales have been passed down from generation to generation. 民间故
27、事代代相传。 / pass out 失去知觉，昏过去：I dont remember any more because I passed out at that point. 我不记得了，因为当时我晕倒了。【用法】用作动词，表示“传递”，可跟双宾语，若双宾语易位，间接宾语前要用介词 to：Could you pass me that newspaper?=Could you pass that newspaper to me? 你能把那份报纸递给我吗？passage n.1.C一节，一段：I knew the passage she meant and found the page. 我知道她
28、指的是哪一段，我找到了那一页。 2.C通道， 走廊：Go along this passage to the library. 顺着这条通道可到图书馆。passenger n.C旅客，乘客：There were twenty passengers in the bus. 那辆公共汽车上有 20 名乘客。passer-by n.C过客，过路人：A few passers-by saw the accident. 有几个过路人目睹了这次事故。passive adj.消极的，被动的，不抵抗的passport n.C护照past adj.1.过去的，以前的，往昔的：In the past years
29、he lived a hard life. 在过去的几年中，他日子过得很苦。 n.U(the) 过去，往事，历史：Our school has a glorious past. 我们学校有光辉灿烂的历史。prep.在之后，超过，经过：at half past six 在 6 点半 / We drove past the house. 我们开车经过那所房子。 adv.过，超过：Ive just seen the bus go past. 我刚看见公交车过去。 in the past 在过去：Weve planted thousands of trees in the past few years
30、. 过去几年我们种了成千上万棵树。path n.1.C小路，小道，小径：There was a narrow path through the forest. 有一条穿过森林的小路。2.C途径，方式： Whichever path we choose, well have difficulties. 无论我们选择哪一条途径，我们都会遇到困难。【用法】表示“小路”，引申为“道路”“途径”：Hard work is the path to success. 努力工作是通向成功之路。【辨析】path, road 与 way：参见 road。patience n.C容忍，忍受，耐心：Do you ha
31、ve the patience to do this job? 你有干这份工作的耐心吗？ have no patience with 对不能容忍，对没有耐性patient adj.忍耐的，容忍的，耐心的： You need to be patient with children. 对孩子你要有耐心。n.C病人，患者：The doctor visited his patients in hospital. 医生在医院里探视他的病人。pause n.C停顿，暂停，中止：After a brief pause the speaker continued. 稍稍停顿一下后演讲者继续讲下去。 vi.中止
32、，停顿：He paused for a moment, and then continued his speech. 他停顿了一下，然后继续讲话。pay v. (paid, paid) 给报酬，付款：Have you paid the servant? 佣人的工钱你付了吗？/ That company pays its employees every two weeks. 那家公司每两个星期给员工发一次薪水。n. U工资，薪金：I get my pay every Friday. 我每周五领薪水。 pay for 付钱，支付：I paid five dollars for this cake.
33、 我花 5 美元买了这个蛋糕。 / pay back 偿还：How can I pay you back for all your kindness? 你的这番好意我该怎么报答呢？/ pay up 付清，还清(债务) ：Ill take you to court unless you pay up immediately. 除非马上还清欠款，否则我将和你打官司。PC (= personal computer) n.C个人电脑：I have a PC at home and one at the office. 我家里和办公室各有一台个人电脑。PE n.U体育：We should pay att
34、ention to PE. 我们应该重视体育课。pea n.C豌豆：green peas 青豆peace n.1.U和平，和平时期：peace talks 和平谈判 2.U安宁，治安，安静，平静：All I want is some peace and quiet. 我所需要的就是一点安宁和清静。3.U 和解，和好，和睦：She had done it for the sake of peace in the family. 她这么做是为了家庭的和睦。peaceful adj.安静的，宁静的，安宁的peach n.C桃子： a peach tree 桃树pear n.C梨子，梨树：She pr
35、efers pears to apples. 她喜欢吃梨而不喜欢吃苹果。pen n.C钢笔，笔：a pen friend 笔友 / The contract must be signed with a pen, not a pencil. 这合同一定要用钢笔而不用铅笔签字。pencil n.C,U铅笔，彩色铅笔： I didnt have a pen, so I used a pencil instead. 我没有钢笔，因此我就用铅笔了。pencil-box n.C铅笔盒penny n.(pl. pence)C(英)便士，美分：There are 100 pence in a pound. 一
36、英镑等于 100 便士。people n.1.(复数 )人，人们：I saw many people at the dance. 我在舞会上见到了许多人。2.(复数)人民，平民，老百姓：He lived for the people and died for the people. 他为人民而活，为人民而死。3.C种族，民族：the English-speaking people 说英语的民族 / Europe is made up of many different peoples. 欧洲是由多个不同民族组成的。【用法】1.表示“人”“人们”时，是集合名词，没有复数形式，但表示复数意义，作主
37、语时谓语动词用复数形式。2.表示“民族”时，是可数名词，其前可用不定冠词，也可有复数形式：The peoples of the world are against the war. 世界各族人民都反对这场战争。percent(= per cent) adj.&adv.百分之：a fifty percent increase in price 价格上涨 50% / working twenty percent harder 再多使二分劲儿 n.(常作单数)百分之，百分点：More than 50 percent of the students wear glasses. 50% 以上的学生戴眼镜
38、。perfect adj.1.完美的，完善的：a perfect life 美满的生活 2.理想的，美好的：She was the perfect actress for the part. 她是这个角色的最佳人选。 3.完全的，绝对的，全然的：a perfect fool 十足的傻瓜【注意】本身已含有“最”“极端”的意思，故通常不用于比较等级，也不受副词 very 的修饰。performance n.1.C,U表现，成绩，工作成果：He is excellent in the performance of his duties. 他的工作表现极为突出。2.U 性能，能力 3.C表演，扮演，演
39、奏performer n.C表演者，执行者，演奏者perhaps adv.或许，可能：Perhaps Ill see him tomorrow, but Im not sure. 也许我明天会见到他，不过我不能肯定。period n.1.C时期，时代：The long dry period ended with heavy rain. 一场大雨结束了已持续很长时间的干旱。2.C一节( 课)，一堂(课) ：a history period 一堂历史课permission n.U允许，许可，同意：You must ask permission if you want to leave early.
40、 如果你想早走的话，必须得到允许。permit v.允许，许可，准许：The rules of the club do not permit smoking. 这个俱乐部规定不准吸烟。/ She wont permit dogs in the house. 她不准许家中有狗。【用法】用作及物动词，表示“允许”“许可”，其后可接动名词或不定式的复合结构作宾语，但不能直接跟不定式作宾语：The teacher didnt permit us to swim in this river. 老师不允许我们在这条河里游泳。person n.C人：Hes a very strange person. 他是
41、个很奇怪的人物。/ A strange person is asking to see you. 有个陌生人想见你。 in person 亲自；外貌上personal adj.1.私人的，个人的：a personal letter 私人信件 / a personal computer 个人电脑 2.亲自的，本人的：a personal appearance 亲自出面 / The manager will give you his personal attention, Madam. 夫人，经理将亲自处理这件事。persuade vt.1.劝说，使相信：I managed to persuade
42、 him that it was not his fault. 我设法使他相信了这不是他的错。2.说服，劝诱：He persuaded her to go to school, even though she did not want to. 即使她不想去上学，他还是说服她去了。【用法】1.表示“说服某人做某事”，可用 persuade sb to do sth 或 persuade sb into doing sth：How can we persuade him into joining us? 怎么才能说服他参加我们的活动呢？2.若表示“劝而不服或劝说不一定成功”时，应用 try to
43、persuade 或 advise：I tried to persuade him to continue his study, but I failed. 我尽力劝他继续学习，但没有成功。pet n.1.C宠爱的动物：Do you keep a pet? 你养宠物吗？2.C宠爱的人：Shes the teachers pet. 她是老师的宠儿。petrol n.U石油，汽油phone (= telephone) n.C,U电话，电话机：May I use your phone? 我可以借你的电话用一下吗？/ You can book the tickets by phone. 你可通过电话订
44、票。v.打电话，给打电话：Phone me if you have any questions. 你有问题的话可以打电话给我。 on the phone (口)在打电话，在接电话 / phone (sb) up 给(某人 )打电话：Ill phone them up now. 我现在给他们打电话。photo (= photograph) n.(pl. photos)C照片：Shall I take a photo of the cathedral? 我可以拍一张大教堂的照片吗？【用法】常与动词 take 连用，用于不同的句型会有不同的含义：I shall take a photo. 我将拍一张
45、照片。/ I shall have a photo taken. 我将请人拍一张照片。phrase n.C词组，短语physical adj.1.物质的：The world is physical. 世界是物质的。2.自然的，按自然法则的：physical laws 自然法则 3.身体的，肉体的 4.物理学的，物理的：physical change 物理变化physician n.C医生，内科医生physicist n.C物理学家physics n.U物理( 学)：The laws of physics are true throughout the universe. 物理学定律适用于整个宇
46、宙。pianist n.C钢琴家piano n.C,U钢琴，钢琴的演奏：She has two pianos. 她有两部钢琴。/ She has played the piano since she was a child. 她从小就弹钢琴。【用法】若表示钢琴这种具体的东西，是可数名词，若是表示钢琴演奏、钢琴理论、钢琴技巧等较为抽象的意义，则通常为不可数名词，其前一般用定冠词。pick v.1.选择，挑选：Only the best players were picked to play in the match. 只有最佳的选手才被选去参加比赛。2.采，摘：She picked some flowers from the garden. 她从花园里采摘了一些鲜花。3.窃取：He had his pocket picked. 他被扒窃了。 pick up 拿起，捡起；学会，获得；(用车)来接，去取；收拾；改善；感染 (疾病等)：Pick up all your toys when youve finished playing. 玩完后把所有玩具都收起来。【辨析
