1、第 1 页巧用发音规则记单词第 2 页前 言对于英语学习者来说,记单词是一道难关,不少学生学习了多年英语,但还是用死记硬背的办法背词汇,结果, “背单词”成了学习英语的障碍, 巧用发音规则记单词正是为了解决这个难题而设计。巧用发音规则记单词采用英国、美国、加拿大和澳大利亚等英语国家的孩子学习语音的模式,教会你以“直读”的方式熟练掌握“见词识音,听音知词”的本领,帮助你轻松闯过单词记忆关,为进一步学好英语打下良好的基础。需要说明的是,由于英语单词的来源非常广泛,有的单词符合一定的发音规则,还有许多单词是不符合读音规律的。对于符合发音规则的词汇,我们以“直读”的方法就可以直接拼读出来,而不规则的词
2、汇我们还得依靠国际音标、听力材料等辅助手段才能读出其正确的发音。总之,本课程不求面面俱到,只要学生能够掌握直读技巧,活学活用,对其英语学习有所帮助,此乃编者的核心目的。本课程与配套的演示文稿结合使用。第 3 页课前预览1、辅音字母(1)能直呼其发音且字母读音包含此音的辅音字母Bb Dd Ff Gg Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Pp Ss Tt Vv Xx Zz(2)能直呼其发音但字母读音不含此音的辅音字母Cc Hh Qq Rr Ww Yy(3)有两种发音(或以上)的辅音字母Cc Gg Ss(4)单独不发音的辅音字母Qq少数特例,如:Iraq 伊拉克Nasdaq 全国证券交易商自动报价系统协会
3、2、元音字母:(1)元音字母的长、短音Aa cake catEe me metIi(Yy) kite kit my TommyOo hole hotUu use us(2)元音字母的不规则发音例如 what, China, many, cinema, come, collect, ruler, put, lotus,等等。2、常见的字母组合:(1)常见的辅音字母组合只有一种读音的辅音字母组合ck tr dr ph sh ds ts 有两种或以上发音的辅音字母组合ch ng nk qu ghth wh -dge -tion -ture (2)常见的元音字母组合aaero ai al ao ar
4、au aw ay air eea ee ei eo er eu ew ey ear ereiie ir ooa oe oi oo or ou ow oy ouruur -ure uy第 4 页第 1 节1、辅音字母的发音(1)朗读字母表Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm NnOo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz标注黑体的字母叫做元音字母,类似汉语拼音的“韵母” 。下面,我们先把他们“隐藏”起来:Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm NnOo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu V
5、v Ww Xx Yy Zz除了“隐藏”的元音字母之外,其余的字母叫做辅音字母,类似汉语拼音中的“声母” 。他们在英语单词中能发出什么样的声音?请试读。(2)圈出有两种或两种发音的字母。(3)跟老师朗读辅音字母的发音。(4)练一练,听老师的读音猜字母。2、短元音 Aa 的发音(1)在老师的帮助下拼读下列单词 b-a-t bat c-a-t cat d-a-d dad f-a-t fatb-a-g bag h-a-t hat l-a-d lad m-a-n mann-a-p nap p-a-l pal r-a-t rat s-a-d sadv-a-n van w-a-g wag a-x-e axe
6、 a-n-d and(2)试读下列单词a-t at a-n an p-a-n pan a-m amS-a-m Sam a-dd add d-a-d dad m-a-p maph-a-d had f-l-a-t flat f-l-a-g flag p-l-a-n planc-l-a-p clap g-l-a-d glad g-r-a-m gram第 5 页绕口令 Tongue twisterJack and MaxA cat and a capJack has a fat catAnd Max has a black cap第 2 节1、辅音字母组合辅音字母组合由两个或两个以上的辅音字母组成,例
7、如:ch tch ck th ph wh- tr dr kn- qu- -ng nk sh(1)思考:在以上的字母组合中,每个组合都有能发什么音?请结合你学过的单词举例说明。(2)听老师的音猜字母(组合) 。2、拼读练习chat chaff chap champbatch match catch patchblack back lack sackmash flash dash rashbang gang hang slangbank frank tank flankthat math thank thatchdrag track knack quack3、短元音 Ee 的发音。拼读练习第 6
8、页bet get let bedjet yet met messpet net men penhen ten yes redleg well sell tellbell smell best restvest test pest chestshed neck check whendress stress press step绕口令Tongue twisterKen sells eggsBen sells eggsKen and Ben sell hens eggsKen and Ben sell eggs and pens第 3 节1、巩固练习:比较下列各组单词的读音。batbet badbe
9、d packpeckblandblend blanketblench brandtrend rackneck canKen landlendpanpen flashflesh gladfledmathmess matmet hackheck2、短元音 Ii (Yy)的发音。(1)拼读练习kit lid bit hit shipknit slip thin thing sin第 7 页sing king single miss mythtrip drip clip click stingstring spring bring shrink pinkthink twinkle six fix si
10、xthquick whip Philip chick pitch(2)练一练:圈出老师所念的单词massmath dragtrack quickquacksingthing banbang fangfanmashmatch expandspend bandbankblankblack getjet fledflatwrinkletwinkle knackneck fleshflash(3)绕口令 Mr Kim is swimming in a big swimming-pool with a big fish. Mick and Dicks sixth sister has sixty-six
11、 sticks. Mrs Bell yells to tell Mr Bell to sell the shells. Max and Teds dad let that fat cat dragged that black hat to Teds bed.第 4 节1、复习巩固:朗读下列辅音字母组合和例词。辅音字母组合 例 词 辅音字母组合 例 词sh ship, fish, finish whip, when, whizchin, chat, French wh who, whosechChristmas, school tr track, trick, tramp-tch match,
12、catch, pitch dr dress, drag, drinkck back, click, beck qu- quick, quiz, quackthin, thick, thank kn- knick-knack, knitththat, them, with -ng sing, king, hangph photo, Philip, -nk think, thank, tank注:wh 在美语中也可以念hw音,例如以上例词 whip, when, whiz 在英语念 wip, wen, wiz,美语则常念成 hwip, hwen, hwiz,这种例子有很多。第 8 页2、短元音 O
13、o 的发音。(1)拼读练习hop box fox goddog cock clock blockshop shot chop knotknock cost lost longsong strong from clothmoth trod drop frog(2)比较下列单词的读音shipshop knitknot dripdrop brickblock tiptop fixfox mythmoth stickstockmenman tentan shedshad beckbackbedbad petpat fleshflash trendtramp (3)绕口令A shocked fox ho
14、pped into a box and blocked by a dog.第 5 节1、短元音 Uu 的发音。拼读练习upbusbutcutcupnuthugrugtuffcuffducklucksucktruckmuckmuchsumdumpjumpdrumpumphushblushtrustjustbustmustshrugdrugclubclumpclutchdulllullbulbskullsungunrunpunfunlunchpunishthumpthus绕口令第 9 页Tongue twisterThe nun runs to hunt for lunch with a funn
15、y gun.2、短元音小结。短元音 A E I O U例 词 fat yes big box bus开音节与闭音节发音比较(预习)在闭音节中发短音 fat yes big box bus在开音节中发长音 fate she byte hope fuse3、容易混淆的辅音比较。trdr ths shch/tch -ng -nk trackdragtrenddrenchtripdrip trotdroptrustdrugthatchsackthinsinthingsing thongsongthumpsumshackchatfreshFrenchfishpitchshockchopflushbunc
16、hbangbankhangblankkingpinkalongdonkeyclungdrunk4、练一练:圈出你所听到的单词。(1) ant and am tan(2) back black blank bank(3) than that then them(4) smell smelt spell spelt(5) trip trick drip drill(6) quiz kiss quick kick(7) cash catch crash scratch(8) crick click grid glib(9) clock cock lock clog(10)spin spun spen
17、d span 第 6 节1、开音节。(1) “一个元音字母 + 一个辅音字母(r 除外) + 不发音的 e”结尾,例如:一个辅音字母一个元音字母 不发音的 ecake第 10 页符合此发音规则的单词还有 safe, date, side, bike, slope, home, cute, tube 等单词,而不按此规则发音的有 have, give, love, dove 等少量单词。(2) “辅音字母 + 一个元音字母”构成一个单词,例如:符合此发音规则的单词还有 we, he, she, me, no, so, hi 等单词,而不按此规则发音的有 do, to 等少量单词。2、长元音 Aa
18、 Ee Ii Oo Uu 的发音。按上述的发音规则拼读下列各组单词AaaceapehategatematesafebabetapecaveslavequaketakemakebladefadetradedrakeshadepagecagelaneplaneblamesameshameframemalesalepalespadestateskateEehe we she me Eve DeleteIihibymyskyshyflyicenicericekitequitesiteridewidehidebikebytefinemineline辅音字母 一个元音字母go第 11 页wineshine
19、timedimechimefiveslideslicefiletilemilesmileOogononotecodemodedolepolevoteropenosehomedomelonebonestonehopeslopeclosesmokestrokeUuuse cute tube huge excuse abuse3、绕口令(1) A writer named Wright was telling his little son how to write Wright right. He said: “It is not right to write Wright as rite, try
20、 to write Wright aright!“(2) Jake made a cake for Kate for Gods sake.(3) Nobody knows why old black Joe tells such an old joke that everybody knows.第 7 节1、辅音字母发音小结辅音字母 例词辅音字母 例词辅音字母 例词b bat, babe j just, jade sad, Misscat, cake k cake, kite s has, hiscice, nice l slope, lull t time, fatd dog, made m
21、 mum, from v vest, stovefat, off, life n no, ant w west, wishfof p pen, clap x tax, box, six第 12 页go, flag q quick, quack y yes, yellgpage, gin r red, brick z zip, quizh he, hate,注:( 1)字母 c的后面跟着 e, i, y时发 s 音,否则发 k音。例如 nice, ice, rice, cell 等等。 ( 2)字母 g的后面跟着 e, i, y时与字母 J发音相同,否则发 g音。例如 cage, page, g
22、in等等。但也有不按此规则发音的,例如 give, gift, giggle, gig等等 ,学习时要多注意。 2、读一读:比较下列的长元音和短元音。actace hathategapgatematmatebackbaketaptapetacktakequackquakepackpage tracktrademad-madeshadshadeplanplaneSamsameshamshamemalmalewedweshedshemetmehenhehimhibitbitenicknicekitkitequitquitetriptripespin-spinewinwineTimtimedimdi
23、menotnotecockcokebondbonehophopeclothclosesmocksmokeususecutcutehughugebusabuse3、读一读:比较斜体部分的发音。brickblockbradblamebrokeblend fringeflexfriskflatfryflycropclockcrossclonecrimeclapgradeglazegridglidegruntglideprobeplugprideply prickplumpanamtrendtrampsunsum 第 13 页附录:常见元音字母组合的发音。字母组合 发音 例词ee i: meet sh
24、eep peep keep sleeve three free teethi: teacher please team tea beat read seaeae head bread peasant threat pleasureoi (oy) toilet boil soil toy boyoa u boat coat goat toad float throatu: zoo too tooth school food cool hoopoou look book foot good took hookair air hair fair chair pairare fare dare har
25、e tare sharei bear pear tear (v.) i beard fear tears dear clearear: heard ai ei wait again pain aim claimay ei may pay bay say play today au count bout loud loudly cloud cloudyouu shoulder soulu window slow flow row growowau now cow bow howigh ai high light sight might fightaw : draw raw pawal : tal
26、l ball fall call talk walkar : car bar tar art dart march far: her herder sister father mother brother teacher rubberir : bird girl stir sir shirt skirt: short lord for sort or or: world word work workerur : nurse fur turn burn curd surf oor : door floor第 14 页: poor第 15 页测 试1、圈选你听到的字母或字母组合(20 分): (1
27、) a e i o u(2) a e i o u(3) a e i o u(4) a e i o u(5) a e i o u(6) a e i o u(7) a e i o u(8) a e i o u(9) a e i o u(10) a e i o u(11) m n ng nk(12) l r th n (13) ch sh tch j(14) k g c x(15) t d q th (16) x z y c(17) qu ck nk kn(18) nk n kn ng(19) th ph tr dr(20) wh h v y2、根据录音填写所缺的元音字母(20 分):(1) st_
28、ck (2) bl_nd (3) j_st (4) n_ck(5) qu_ck(6) qu_t(7) bl_nk(8) pl_n(9) m_th(10) w_ll(11) m_ne(12) sm_le(13) cl_se(14) st_ne(15) h_ge(16) qu_te(17) sk_(18) fr_me(19) sk_te(20) sm_ke3、根据录音填写正确的辅音字母或字母组合(10 分):(1) _ip(2) _ilt(3) _at(4) tru_(5) _ill(6) _ow(7) _ess(8) _ink(9) _ick(10) _y(11) _est(12) s_ess(
29、13) _and(14) _ash(15) _ell(16) _ate(17) _ick(18) whe_(19) thi_(20) qui_4、听音圈选单词(20 分):(1) flag flake(2) mat met(3) bat bet(4) huge hug(5) hate hat(6) win wine(7) made mad(8) hop hope第 16 页(9) mice Mike(10) byte bit(11) act at(12) sip zip(13) that dad(14) wrinkle twinkle(15) live life(16) save safe(17) of off(18) white wit(19) clothes cloze(20) drip dip5、按下列要求归类(10 分):spin fly spine Tim time eve delete ant pink pin she abuse love pole glad do smile punish give cell闭音节词_开音节词_不按规则发音词_6、听音写词(20 分):1 2 3 45 6 7 89 10 11 1213 14 15 1617 18 19 20