1、1初中英语常用不规则动词分类表（人教版）为了帮助同学们记住不规则动词，现在把教材中出现的不规则动词分为几个类型，每个类型中又分若干组，尽量找出每组中各词变化形式的共同点，以帮助记忆。 1. A-A-A 型（现在式、过去式和过去分词同形） 动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词 cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割，切 hit hit hit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下 read read read 读 hurt hurt hurt 伤 2. A-A-B 型（现在式和过去式同形） beat beat beaten 打 3. A-B-A 型
2、（现在式和过去分词同形） come came come 来 become became become 变 run ran run 跑 4. A -B -B 型 （1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母 d 或 t 构成过去式或过去分词。 burn burnt burnt 燃烧 2learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习 mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见 （2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给 lose lost
3、 lost 失去 send sent sent 送 spend spent spent 花费 （3）其他 pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said 说 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 think thought thought 想 sleep slept slept 睡 keep kept kept 保持 sweep swept swept 扫 3stand stood stood 站 understand understood understood 明白 win won won 得胜
4、 shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光 catch caught caught 抓住 teach taught taught 教 feel felt felt 觉得 fight fought fought 战斗 find found found 发现 get got got 得到 hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死，挂 have had had 有 hold held held 盛，握 leave left left 离开 make made made 制造 meet met met 遇见 sell sold sold 卖 sho
5、ot shot shot 射击 tell told told 告诉 smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅，闻 4sit sat sat 坐 dig dug dug 挖 5. A-B-C 型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同） （1）在动词原形后加-n 或-en 构成过去分词。 eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下 steal stole stolen 偷 give gave given 给 freeze froze frozen 冻结 take took taken 拿 see saw seen 看见 write wrote
6、written 写 ride rode ridden 骑 drive drove driven 驾驶 throw threw thrown 抛，扔 blow blew blown 吹 grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道 fly flew flown 飞 5draw drew drawn 拉，绘画 show showed shown 展示 （2）过去式加 -n 或-en 构成过去分词。 speak spoke spoken 说话 break broke broken 破碎，折断 wake waked/ woke waked/ waken 醒 choose
7、chose chosen 选择 forget forgot forgotten 忘记 （3）变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u” （过去分词）。 begin began begun 开始 ring rang rung 按铃 sing sang sung 唱 sink sank sunk 沉 swim swam swum 游泳 drink drank drunk 饮 （4）其他不规则动词的变化。 be(am, is) was/ were been 是 be(are) were been 是 do did done 做 go went gone 去 6lie lay l
8、ain 躺 wear wore worn 穿 不定式(Infinitive) (Past Tense) 过去分词(Past Participle) abide 居住 abode, abided abode, abided alight 下车 alighted, alit alighted, alit awake 唤醒 awoke awoke, awaked be 是 was, were been bear 忍受 bore borne, born beat 击打 beat beaten become 变成 became become befall 发生 befell befallen beget
9、 引起 begot begotten, begot begin 开始 began begun behold 注意看 beheld beheld bend 鞠躬 bent bent bereave 剥夺 bereaved, bereft bereaved, bereft beseech 乞求 besought, beseeched besought, beseeched beset 围攻 beset beset bespeak 预约 bespoke bespoken, bespoke bespread 铺盖 bespread bespread 7bestrew 散放 bestrewed best
10、rewed, bestrewn bestride 跨坐 bestrode bestridden, bestrid, bestrode bet 打赌 bet, betted bet, betted betake 前往 betook betaken bethink 想起 bethought bethought bid 出价 bade, bid bidden, bid bide 忍受 bode, bided bided bind 绑 bound bound bite 咬 bit bitten, bit bleed 流血 bled bled blend 混合 blended, blent blende
11、d, blent bless 祝福 blessed, blest blessed, blest blow 吹 blew blown break 断开 broke broken breed 产生 bred bred bring 带 brought brought broadcast 广播 broadcast, broadcasted broadcast, broadcasted browbeat 严斥 browbeat browbeaten build 建筑 built built burn 燃烧 burnt, burned burnt, burned burst 爆炸 burst burst
12、8buy 买 bought bought can 能 could - cast 铸造 cast cast catch 抓住 caught caught chide 责骂 chid, chided chid, chidden, chided choose 选择 chose chosen cleave 分裂: 打通 cleaved, cleft, clove clave cleaved, cleft ，cloven cling 粘附 clung clung clothe 穿衣 clothed, clad clothed, clad come 来 came come cost 价值 cost cos
13、t creep 爬行 crept crept crow 报晓 crowed, crew crowed cut 切 cut cut dare 敢 dared, durst dared deal 处理 dealt dealt dig 挖洞 dug dug dispread 扩散 dispread dispread do 做 did done draw 画 drew drawn dream 做梦 dreamed, dreamt dreamed, dreamt 9drink 喝 drank drunk drive 驾车 drove driven dwell 细想 dwelt, dwelled dwel
14、t, dwelled eat 吃 ate eaten fall 落下 fell fallen feed 喂 fed fed feel 感觉 felt felt fight 打架 fought fought find 找 found found flee 逃跑 fled fled fling 派出 flung flung fly: 飞 flew flown逃逸 fled fled击飞 flied fliedforbear 克制 forbore forborne forbid 禁止 forbade, forbad forbidden forecast 预报 forecast, forecasted
15、 forecast, forecasted fordo 损毁 fordid fordone forego 居先 forewent foregone foreknow 预知 foreknew foreknown forerun 作先驱 foreran forerun foresee 看穿 foresaw foreseen 10foreshow 预示 foreshowed foreshown foretell 预言 foretold foretold forget 忘记 forgot forgotten, forgot forgive 原谅 forgave forgiven forsake 抛弃
16、forsook forsaken forswear 发假誓 forswore forsworn freeze 冷冻 froze frozen gainsay 反驳 gainsaid gainsaid get 得到 got gotten gild 镀金 gilded, gilt gilded gird 束缚 girded, girt girded, girt give 给予 gave given go 去 went gone grave 铭记 graved graven, graved grind 磨 ground ground grow 成长 grew grown hamstring 残废 h
17、amstringed, hamstrung hamstringed, hamstrung 11初中常用时态初中常用的有 8 种时态 :一般现在时,一般过去时 ,一般将来时,现在进行时, 过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时和过去将来时 ,其他时态在初中少见 (一) 一般现在时的定义:一般现在时是表示现在经常反复发生的动作存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态 一般现在时的构成:（这是一个简单的表格） 动词 肯定句 否定句 I am. I am not. be You/We/They are You/We/They are not He/She/It is He/She /It is not 一般现在时用
18、行为动词的原形，主语是 he,she,it 这些第三人称单数时，动词要加 s 或 es 12（二）一般过去时的定义：一般过去时是表示过去经常或偶然发生的动作或存在的状态的时态 一般过去时的构成： 动词 肯定句 否定句 I was. I was not. be He/She/It was. He/She/It was not. We/You/They were. We/You/They were not. 一般过去时用动词的过去式动词的过去式一般都加 ed，如 work worked结尾是 e 的只加 d，如 like liked.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节要双写这个字母再加 ed,如 s
19、top stopped，以辅音字母加 y 结尾的，先变 y 为 i 再加 ed,如 study studied另外还有一些不规则的变化，课本后边的单词表上有注释 （三）一般将来时的定义：一般将来时是表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态的时态 一般将来时的构成: 人称 肯定句 否定句 一 I/We will go. I/We will not go. 二 You will go. You will not go. 三 He/She/It/They will go.He/She/They will not go 一般将来时由助动词（will,shall）动词原形构成,shall 主要用于以第一人称(I,
20、We) 为主语的疑问句中 （四）现在进行时的定义：现在进行时是表示在某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作的时态 13现在进行时的构成： 现在进行时由系动词（am,is,are ）现在分词（动词加 ing 形式）构成 如 I am working.Am I working?I am not working. （五）过去进行时的定义：过去进行时是表示在过去某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作时态 过去进行时的构成： 过去进行时是由系动词的过去式（was were）现在分词（动词加 ing）构成的 如 I was talking,Was I talking?I was not talking. (六）现在
21、完成时的定义：现在完成时是表示在过去发生但与现在情况有联系的动作或状态的时态 现在完成时的构成： 现在完成时是由助动词 have,has过去分词构成的, 过去分词的变化方法和上述的过去式的方法一样，在此不做详细解释过去分词也有不规则的 如 You have talked.Have you talked? (七）过去完成时的定义：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已完成的行为或存在的状态 过去完成时的构成： 过去完成时由助动词 had（无人称和数的变化）过去分词构成，其否定句式和疑问句式在结构上与现在完成时一样 如 They /he had read it.Had they/he read it? 14（八）过去将来时的定义：过去将来时表示从过去的观点看将来发生的动作或存在的状态 过去将来是的构成： 过去将来时由助动词 would动词原形构成 . 如 He said he would come.
