1、,学术英语 综合,Academic English An Integrated Course,Unit 4 Environment,Unit Contents,Unit objectives,Text A,Text B,Text C,Academic language and discourse,Listening,Speaking,Writing,Unit Objectives,1. Professional Knowledge Get acquainted with some important concepts about environment ( e.g. environmental
2、ism, ecology, biodiversity, black carbon, ecosystem, environmental science, ecosphere, carbon dioxide,etc. ) 2. Reading Summarize the main ideas of a text and identify essential supporting points; Understand difficult sentences (e.g., sentences with abstract meaning or ambiguous reference); Analyze
3、complex or controversial issues critically (e.g., sustainable development of environment, climate change, economics and ecology ),Unit 4 Environment,Unit Objectives,3. Listening Know how to deal with unfamiliar words in a talk4. Speaking Make a counterargument in academic speaking5. Writing Know how
4、 to write body paragraphs,Unit 4 Environment,Unit Objectives,6. Researching Independently locate and study a variety of resources (articles, books, videos, etc.) to know more about pollution cases you are concerned with7. Academic language and discourse Get acquainted with some collocations related
5、to environment Learn how to make your essay more coherent by use of effective transitions, repetition of key words, and clear use of reference words Comprehend stylistic differences between formal and informal English and acquire some formal expressions,Unit 4 Environment,Text A Lead-in,Work in grou
6、ps of 4-5 and brainstorm a list of consequences of imbalance between people and nature.,Unit 4 Environment,Text A Overview,Summarize the main ideas of Text A on the basis of Task 1/Critical Reading and Thinking/Text A.,we are still very far from reconciling the demands,of people with what our planet
7、 can sustainably provide,protecting nature,for people,an economic one,popular culture,societies worldviews,Unit 4 Environment,Text A In-depth analysis,1. Contribute as much as possible what you know about the following:sustainable development environmentalism biodiversity ecosystem ecology,Unit 4 En
8、vironment,Text A In-depth analysis,2. Focus on some of the difficult sentences in Text A by doing Task 2/Critical Reading and Thinking/Text A.,Unit 4 Environment,Text A Supplementary information,1. Sustainable developmentIt is an economic planning that attempts to foster economic growth while preser
9、ving the quality of the environment for future generations.,Unit 4 Environment,Text A Supplementary information,2. Environmentalism ( Para.1 ) Environmentalism refers to political and ethical movement that seeks to improve and protect the quality of the natural environment through changes to environ
10、mentally harmful human activities, through the adoption of forms of political, economic, and social organizations that are thought to be necessary for, or at least conducive to, the benign treatment of the environment by humans, and through a reassessment of humanitys relationship with nature. Envir
11、onmentalism is an attempt to balance relations between humans and the various natural systems.,Unit 4 Environment,Text A Supplementary information,3. Biodiversity ( Para.4 )The word biodiversity is a contraction of biological diversity. It refers to the variety of life found in a place on Earth or,
12、often, the total variety of life on Earth. The term “biodiversity” is indeed commonly used to describe the number, variety and variability of living organisms. This very broad usage, embracing many different parameters, is essentially a synonym of “life on Earth”.,Unit 4 Environment,Text A Supplemen
13、tary information,4. Ecosystem ( Para.4 )An ecosystem refers to the complex of living organisms (plants, animals and microbes), their physical environment (things like air, water and mineral soil), and all their interrelationships in a particular unit of space. There are many examples of ecosystems -
14、 a pond, a forest, an estuary, a grassland ,etc. The study of ecosystems mainly consists of the study of certain processes that link the living or biotic components to the non-living or abiotic components.,Unit 4 Environment,Text A Supplementary information,5. Ecology ( Para.8 )It is also called bio
15、ecology, bionomics, or environmental biology. It studies the relations between organisms and their environment.,Unit 4 Environment,Text B Overview,1. What is critical reading?,Critical reading or academic reading is an active process that involves you in evaluating what you read. Reading critically
16、is largely a process of asking questions. The sorts of questions that you need to ask include: What position is the writer presenting? What evidence is the writer giving to support his or her position? Is the evidence presented accurately? Has the evidence been collected using appropriate methods? I
17、s the writer basing himself or herself on a particular theory or approach? Are the writers claims reasonable? How does the writers position compare with the positions of other writers in the field? Do I agree with the position the writer is presenting? Why or why not?,Unit 4 Environment,Text B Overv
18、iew,1. What is critical reading?,To be a critical reader, you need to start with a critical attitude. You cannot accept anything merely because it is written in a book, or merely because it is written by someone well known or knowledgeable. Before you can accept an academic claim, you need to evalua
19、te it through careful questioning and comparison.,Unit 4 Environment,Text B Overview,2. Summarize the main idea of the text on the basis of Task /Critical Reading and Thinking/Text B.,Unit 4 Environment,Text B Researching,Work in groups of 4-5 to share the pollution cases you are concerned about mos
20、t.,Unit 4 Environment,Contribute as much as possible what you know about the following terms. hurricane Katrina environmental science fauna and flora environmental analysis environmental compliance ecosphere,Text C Text Analysis,Unit 4 Environment,2. Summarize the text on the basis of Task/Text C.,T
21、ext C Text Analysis,Unit 4 Environment,Text C Supplementary information,1. Hurricane Katrina ( Para.1 ) Hurricane Katrina was one of the strongest storms that impact the coast of the United States during the last 100 years. It struck the southeastern United States in late August, 2005, and caused wi
22、despread devastation along the central Gulf Coast states of the U.S. Hurricane Katrina caused $81 billion in property damages, but it is estimated that the total economic impact in Louisiana and Mississippi may exceed $150 billion, earning the title of costliest hurricane ever in U.S. history.,Unit
23、4 Environment,Text C Supplementary information,2. Environmental science ( Para.2 ) Environmental science is a multidisciplinary academic field that integrates physical and biological sciences to the study of the environment, and the solution of environmental problems. Environmental scientists work o
24、n subjects like the understanding of Earth processes, evaluating alternative energy systems, pollution control and mitigation, natural resource management, and the effects of global climate change. Environmental issues almost always include an interaction of physical, chemical, and biological proces
25、ses.,Unit 4 Environment,Text C Supplementary information,3. Fauna and flora ( Para.2 )“Fauna” is all of the animal life of any particular region or time. “Flora” is the corresponding term for plants. Fauna and flora refer to plant and wildlife, respectively. The term is often used to refer to the in
26、digenous plant and wildlife of a geographical region. Both are collective terms. The term “fauna” comes from the Latin name of Fauna. The term “flora” comes from the Latin word of flora.,Unit 4 Environment,Text C Supplementary information,4. Ecosphere ( Para.5 )In ecology the term “ecosphere” can re
27、fer to the Earths spheres, a planetary ecosystem consisting of the atmosphere, the geosphere, the hydrosphere, and the biosphere.,Unit 4 Environment,Academic language and discourse,1. Do Task 1 Language building-up/Text A.,Collocation,2. Translate the following environmental terms that appeared in T
28、exts B and C, from English into Chinese. black carbon 碳黑 global warming 全球变暖 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 environmental science 环境科学 fauna 动物群,Unit 4 Environment,Academic language and discourse,Collocation,flora 植物群 ecology 生态学 environmental analysis 环境分析 ecosystem 生态系统 environmental compliance 符合环保要求 ecosph
29、ere 生物圈,Unit 4 Environment,Academic language and discourse,1. Do Task 2 Language building-up/Text A. 2. Find examples of coherence in Text B.,Signpost language,Suggested answers: Repeated words: black carbon (Para.4-5) Repeated words: carbon dioxide (Para.8-9) Repeated words: emissions (Para.14-15),
30、Unit 4 Environment,Academic language and discourse,Formal English,1. Do a short quiz of formal/informal English. You are meeting your host parents in America for the first time. What is the best way to greet them? A) Hey, whats up? B) It is a pleasure to meet you. C) Hello, nice to meet you. You are
31、 meeting your best friend from Australia for dinner. You havent seen each other for a while. What is the best way to greet them? Long time no see. Whats up? I havent seen you for such a long time. Its a pleasure to see you again. Hi.,Unit 4 Environment,Academic language and discourse,Formal English,
32、1. Do a short quiz of formal/informal English. In the following dialogue, what should Carlos say next?Boss: Hey Carlos, can ya (you) help me for a sec? Carlos: Yes, what do you need? Boss: Can ya fax this to ABC company ASAP. Carlos: _A) Yes sir. Ill be happy to do that right away for you. B) Sure,
33、no prob. C) My pleasure. Id love to fax that report.,Unit 4 Environment,Listening,2. Do Tasks 1 and 2/Listening.,Unit 4 Environment,Listening,More about dealing with unfamiliar wordsSpeakers may use words that are unfamiliar to you. In these situations, you can guess the meaning of a particular word
34、 based on what youve understood by using the context or situation itself. Here are more strategies for your reference: Dont panic. You dont always understand every word of what a speaker says in your first language either. Use context clues to fill in the blanks. What did you understand just before
35、or just after the missing part? What did the speaker probably say? Listen for words and phrases that signal a definition or explanation.,Unit 4 Environment,Speaking,More expressions about disagreementI disagree. Im not so sure (about that) . . . Thats debatable. I dont think so. Thats crazy! No way!
36、,Unit 4 Environment,Speaking,2. Carry out a debate following the instructions in Task/Speaking. The participants of the debate may play the following roles:,Chairman: one student (presiding over the debate, explaining the rules of debate, etc.) Team 1 (Pros): three students (stating arguments, using
37、 evidence and reasoning to support arguments, doing rebuttal ,and summarizing) Team 2 (Cons): three students (doing rebuttal, stating arguments, using evidence and reasoning to support arguments, and summarizing) Judges: at least three students (listening carefully, taking notes, making comments, an
38、d deciding on the winner),Unit 4 Environment,Writing,More words and expressions for argument It is logical to think that It is reasonable to assume that It seems evident that It can be concluded that We can deduce that It can be inferred that It is inconsistent with the evidence to say that It is un
39、reasonable to assume that There is little evidence for the argument that The argument that is erroneous. The claim that is fallacious. The proposition that is easily refuted.,Unit 4 Environment,Writing,Do Task 1/ Writing, and discuss how the author uses evidence to support his argument.,Unit 4 Environment,
