1、课时作业(十三) 必修 Unit 13 People授课提示：对应学生用书第 297 页课时练(一) 阅读理解提速练 练速度(限时：35 分钟)阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分)第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2019合肥高三质量检测Theaters of the PastThe Greek TheaterTheaters developed in many parts of Greece. Ancient Greek theaters were built in natural openai
2、r sites on conveniently shaped hills. This allowed a great mass of people to enjoy a show at a time. Due to this, actors placed emphasis on exaggerated (夸张的) action and speech. And colorful symbolic masks and costumes were used.The Medieval TheaterThe Medieval theater started in churches. Thats why
3、medieval plays were about Bible stories. At first, it became a custom for priests (牧师) to act out brief scenes during Christmas and Easter. These acts attracted large crowds. Finally the church refused to allow priests to participate in any such events again, so ordinary people began these performan
4、ces outside. Performances were set in the town square, with several stage settings around it.The Elizabethan TheaterThe Englands theater developed rapidly in the years following the defeat of the Spanish Armada. The dominant feature of Elizabethan theater was the stage. It has three parts: The fore
5、stage for outside scenes; the inner stage for scenes inside a building; an upper stage or balcony for various purposes. The reason for this design is that there were no scene changes, or breaks during the play. Very little scenery was used, so the actors had to create a scene through their voices an
6、d dialogues. This led to a more poetic script, and poets became the main source of script writing.The Restoration TheaterSome of the plays told sad stories, but the majority of the plays were really funny. Many specialized machines were used to create the scene. The stage was a very clever idea, in
7、that on the sides of the stage large back shutters (百叶窗) were painted with the scene.【语篇解读】 该文主要介绍了几种过去的剧院。【难句分析】 The stage was a very clever idea, in that on the sides of the stage large back shutters (百叶窗) were painted with the scene.分析：本句是一个复合句。in thatbecause，引导原因状语从句。译文：舞台(的设计)是个很巧妙的主意，因为在舞台的两边大
8、的后百叶窗被刷成与场景相符的颜色。1Why were ancient Greek theaters built on hills?ATo hold a large audience.B To build a big and strong stage.C To have a better sound effect.DTo emphasize exaggerated performances.答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据第一段第三句“This allowed a great mass of people to enjoy a show at a time”可知，希腊剧院依山而建是为了可以容纳
9、大量的观众，故选 A。2In which theater could actors voices and speeches help create scenes?AThe Greek Theater.B The Medieval Theater.C The Elizabethan Theater.DThe Restoration Theater.答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第三段倒数第二句“Very little scenery was used, so the actors had to create a scene through their voices and dialogues
10、”可知，伊丽莎白一世时代的剧院里，演员们必须运用声音和对白才能够创造场景，故选C。【干扰项分析】 根据第一段倒数第二句“Due to this, actors placed emphasis on exaggerated (夸张的) action and speech”可知，希腊剧院的演员注重的是夸张的表演和台词，故排除 A 项；文中没有提到关于中世纪剧院场景的创造，故排除 B 项；根据最后一段第二句“Many specialized machines were used to create the scene”可知，王朝复辟时期的剧院是靠专业的设备来创造场景的，故排除 D 项。3What i
11、s special about the Restoration Theater?AColorful masks were used.B The stage was smartly designed.C Most of its plays were sorrowful.DOrdinary people were the performers.答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据最后一段最后一句“The stage was a very clever idea, in that on the sides of the stage large back shutters (百叶窗) were pain
12、ted with the scene”可知，王朝复辟时期的剧院的特别之处在于其巧妙的舞台设计，故选B。【干扰项分析】 根据第一段最后一句可知，A 项“多彩面具的使用”是希腊剧院的特色之一；根据最后一段第一句“Some of the plays told sad stories, but the majority of the plays were really funny”可知，王朝复辟时期的剧院上演的故事大部分是有趣的，而非难过的，故排除 C 项；根据第二段倒数第二句“Finally the church refused to allow priests to participate in
13、any such events again, so ordinary people began these performances outside”可知，D 项 “普通人是表演者”是中世纪剧院的特色，故排除。B2019青岛市高三统一质量检测Four days after Dads 67th birthday, he had a heart attack. He was lucky he survived. But something inside him had died. His enthusiasm for life was gone.My husband and I asked Dad
14、 to live with us on our small farm, hoping the fresh air would help him adjust. Within a week after he moved in, I regretted the invitation. He criticized everything I did. I became frustrated.One day I read an article about a nursing home. Several depressed patients attitudes had improved dramatica
15、lly when they were given dogs. So, I drove to the animal shelter that afternoon. As soon as I got there, a pointers (指示犬) eyes caught my attention. They watched me calmly.A staff member said, “He got here two weeks ago and weve heard nothing. His time is up tomorrow.” I turned to the man in horror.
16、“You mean youre going to kill him？” “Maam， ” he said gently. “We dont have room for every unclaimed dog.”The pointers calm brown eyes awaited my decision. “Ill take him， ” I said.Glancing at the dog, Dad wrinkled his face and turned back toward the house. Then, suddenly, the pointer pulled free from
17、 my grasp. He sat down in front of Dad. Dads anger melted, and soon he was hugging the animal. It was the beginning of a warm friendship. Dad named the pointer Cheyenne. Together they spent long hours walking down dusty lanes and relaxing on the banks of streams.Dads bitterness faded, and he and Che
18、yenne went on to make many friends. Then, late one night two years later, I felt Cheyennes cold nose searching through my bed covers. He had never come into our bedroom before at night. I ran into my fathers room and found that he had passed away.Two days later, my shock and grief deepened when I di
19、scovered Cheyenne lying dead beside Dads bed. As I buried him near their favorite stream, I silently thanked the dog for restoring Dads peace of mind.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。对生活失去希望的父亲被作者接到身边之后，作者为父亲带回了一只流浪狗，这只狗陪伴父亲度过了余生，作者很感激这只狗的陪伴。【长难句分析】 My husband and I asked Dad to live with us on our small farm, hopin
20、g the fresh air would help him adjust.(第二段第一句)分析：hoping. 是现在分词短语作状语；the fresh air would help him adjust 是省略了 that 的宾语从句。译文：我丈夫和我让爸爸和我们一起住在我们的小农场里，希望新鲜的空气能帮助他调节一下(他的负面情绪)。4Why did Dad criticize everything the author did?AHe didnt like his daughters farm.B The disease took away his interest in life.C
21、The state of his illness worsened.DHis daughter couldnt do things well.答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。由第一段“Four days after Dads 67th birthday, he had a heart attack. He was lucky he survived. But something inside him had died. His enthusiasm for life was gone. ”可推知，父亲所患有的疾病使他对生活失去了希望和信心。故选 B 项。5What was Dads attitu
22、de when he first saw the dog?ADisappointed. BUnfriendly.C Excited. DSatisfied.答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。题干问的是当父亲第一次看到这只狗的时候，是什么态度。根据题干中的关键信息“he first saw the dog”可以将信息定位到文章的倒数第四段。根据该段第一句可知，父亲第一次看到这只狗的时候，态度是不友好的。故选 B 项。6What was the dogs greatest help to Dad?AHe accompanied Dad on his walk.B He helped Dad make
23、many friends.C He brought peace of mind back to Dad.DHe improved the relationship between Dad and his daughter.答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。由最后一段中的“As I buried him near their favorite stream, I silently thanked the dog for restoring Dads peace of mind.”可知，这只狗对父亲最大的帮助是他的陪伴让父亲恢复了平静的心情。故选 C 项。7Whats the best title f
24、or the passage?AAn Abandoned Dog BDads RecoveryC Friends in the End DDads Last days答案与解析：C 考查标题概括。题干问的是哪个是文章最好的标题。通读全文可知，对生活失去希望的父亲被作者接到身边之后，作者为他带回了一只流浪狗，这只狗陪伴父亲度过了余生，作者很感激这只狗的陪伴。故选 C 项。C2019太原阶段测试 Diamonds are considered the most famous and valuable jewel in the world. The precious stone for its gr
25、eat value is believed to be the symbol of wealth. Diamonds are made as a result of great volcanic heat and pressure. When a volcano is active, it sometimes explodes and causes great damage to the nearby towns.However, at the same time of such a disaster, diamonds were pushed towards the surface of t
26、he earth by a number of great volcanic explosions millions of years ago. Thus, it may be very likely to find a diamond after a volcanic eruption. Besides, diamonds are also found among the sandy sandstone of certain river beds, and in a few places on the sea floor, for they were washed down the moun
27、tain sides by the rain.Diamonds are very rare. There are not many places that produce such precious things in the world. During the last century adventurers from Europe went to Brazil, because they had heard that there were diamonds in the Amazon River. Many of these early diamond miners died of ill
28、ness or were lost forever in the great forests. But some returned home rich.The earliest known diamonds were found in India many centuries ago. The_most_recent_and_exciting_discoveries_have_been_made_in_eastern_Russia. But most of the worlds diamonds now come from the Congo, from Tanzania, and also
29、from South Africa which has the largest diamond mines in the world.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了钻石的来源和产地。8What do we know about diamonds according to the passage?ADiamonds are always accompanied by volcanic eruptions.B Diamonds are created by volcanic eruptions.C Diamonds are considered as a sign of wealth.DD
30、iamonds could be always found in a few riverbanks.答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段第二句“The precious stone for its great value is believed to be the symbol of wealth”可知，钻石被认为是财富的象征。9Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a famous place producing diamonds?AThe Congo. B South Africa.C India. DWestern Europe.答
31、案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第三、四两段对钻石产地的介绍可知，西欧并不在有名的钻石产地之列。10What can we know from the third paragraph?ADiamond mining can be dangerous for the miners.B Brazil plays a more important role in diamond mining.C The Amazon River has no large diamond mines nowadays.DMany miners returned home due to the risks in dia
32、mond mining.答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据第三段倒数第二句“Many of these early diamond miners died of illness or were lost forever in the great forests”可知，开采钻石对采矿者来说有可能是危险的，故 A 项正确。【干扰项分析】 第三段并未提及巴西在开采钻石方面扮演着更重要的角色，因此 B 项错误；C 项在文中也并未提及；根据第三段倒数第二句“Many of these early diamond miners died of illness or were lost forever in
33、 the great forests”可知 D 项错误。11What does the underlined sentence mean in the last paragraph?AEastern Russia has been famous for diamond mining for a long time.B The diamond deposit in eastern Russia wasnt discovered until recently.C Eastern Russia is not as important as African countries in diamond m
34、ining.DThe eastern part of Russia will replace all African countries in diamond mining.答案与解析：B 考查句意理解。画线句前一句提到已知的最早的钻石在印度被发现，后一句提到现在大部分钻石来源于刚果民主共和国、坦桑尼亚和南非。由此可推知，画线句讲的应是最近在俄罗斯东部发现了钻石，故 B 项“直到最近人们才在俄罗斯东部发现钻石矿床”正确。D2019日照高三模拟 The Tulane University School of Medicine in New Orleans has added an unconve
35、ntional course to its curriculum. Medical students can now take cooking classes in addition to their usual training. This is intended to improve doctors nutritional knowledge and encourage them to use food to prevent or cure illnesses.According to a survey, most medical students in the US. receive o
36、n average 20 hours of nutritional education throughout their entire education. This is an extremely low number, especially when one considers that diet is at the core (核心) of many modern Western diseases. From Type 2 diabetes, heart disease, reflux to obesity, allergies, depression, and arthritis, e
37、ating the right foods can go a long way towards recovery, while significantly reducing dependency on medicinal drugs.A big part of the problem is that nutritional guidelines in North America are vague, impractical, and difficult to apply. Everyone, from doctors to schoolchildren, learns about specif
38、ic nutrients and percentages of recommended daily intakes, but that doesnt translate easily to the grocery store.Training doctors to cook, however, takes nutritional education to a whole new level. Not only will doctors be able to explain which foods are best to eat, but they will also understand ho
39、w to prepare them. Tulane medical students prepare for teaching future patients by offering free cooking classes to New Orleans residents a mutually beneficial arrangement for everyone who shares that food.Fortunately, the model seems to be catching on. Already two other medical schools have license
40、d the curriculum and are adding it to their courses. Tulane also offers nutritional training for heathfocused chefs from a nearby cooking school, which makes a lot of sense. After all, with the frequency with which North Americans eat out, we could all benefit from chefs who know how to balance nutr
41、ition with great taste.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。位于新奥尔良的杜兰大学医学院给医学系的学生增加了一门非传统的课程烹饪课，旨在提高他们的营养学知识，鼓励他们用食物治疗疾病。【长难句分析】 Not only will doctors be able to explain which foods are best to eat, but they will also understand how to prepare them.(第四段第二句 )分析：Not only 位于句首，句子采用了部分倒装；which foods are best to eat 是 which
42、引导的宾语从句；how to prepare them 是 how 引导的宾语从句。译文：医生不仅能解释哪些食物是最适合吃的，而且他们也知道如何准备食物。【词汇积累】 unconventional adj.非传统的；新奇的 curriculum n课程 nutritional adj.营养的 significantly adv.明显地，显著地 frequency n频繁12What does the author want to tell us by listing the diseases in Paragraph 2?AProper diets help cure them.B Prope
43、r diets can replace drugs.C They are difficult to treat.DThey are typical western diseases.答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。由第二段中的“From Type 2 diabetes, heart disease, reflux to obesity, allergies, depression, and arthritis, eating the right foods can go a long way towards recovery, while significantly reducing depen
44、dency on medicinal drugs.”可知，此处旨在表明可以通过食疗来治愈这些疾病。故选 A。13Whats the authors attitude towards the present nutritional guidelines in America?AAmazed. BConfused.C Dissatisfied. DInterested.答案与解析：C 考查观点态度。由第三段中的“A big part of the problem is that nutritional guidelines in North America are vague, impractic
45、al, and difficult to apply.”可推知，作者对美国的营养指导方针不满意。故选 C。14What can we know about the course from the last paragraph?AIt will benefit chefs.B It is becoming popular.C It has a long way to go.DIt encourages eating out.答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。由最后一段中的“Already two other medical schools have licensed the curriculum a
46、nd are adding it to their courses.”可推知，已经有学校添加了该课程，说明该课程越来越受欢迎。故选 B。15Which of the following can be the best title for the text?ATake a Cooking CourseB Learn to Be a Good DoctorC Live Your Life to the FullDLet Food Be Your Medicine答案与解析：D 考查标题概括。本文是一篇说明文。位于新奥尔良的杜兰大学医学院给医学系的学生增加了一门非传统的课程烹饪课，旨在提高他们的营养
47、学知识，鼓励他们用食物治疗疾病。本文强调食疗的作用，因此 D 项更确切、更形象，适合做本文标题。故选 D。第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2019济南模拟 We accomplish our goals one step at a time, doing a little each day. So, starting your day on the right foot is most important. _1_Get up an hour early.People who get up
48、 early in the morning have a jump on the day. In American English, We like to say, “The early bird gets the worm.” _2_ This expression means that people who rise up early have a head start and, therefore, are more likely to succeed.Dont answer email or jump into social media as soon as you get up.We
49、ve all done it. You see a Facebook post from a friend you havent seen for a long time. He is angry about some political issue and the heated discussion pulls you in. _3_ You hurry out the door so as not to be late for work. This is not the best way to start your day.Exercise!Physical fitness experts and trainers often suggest some form of exercise in the morning because the middle of the day is a busy time for most peo
