1、课下能力提升(十六).单词拼写1The war they launched upon our country was an aggressive (侵略的) one.2After a hard days work, Id like to enjoy a glass of beer (啤酒) to get relaxed.3Because of heavy air pollution, one health problem after another arose (产生) in this town.4The car in front of me stopped suddenly and I ha
2、d to brake (刹车) to avoid hitting it.5A small plane crashed (坠毁) on the top of a mountain, causing ten deaths.完成句子1如果我们不立即采取措施的话，很有可能发生更多类似的事故。If we dont take immediate measures, more accidents like this are_likely_to_occur.2许多的生词使得这篇文章更加难以理解。So many new words make_the_article_more_difficult_to_under
3、stand.3由你来负责这项工程。It_is_up_to_you_to_take charge of the project.4这本书旨在指导你提高你的阅读能力。The book is_aimed_at_guiding_you in improving your reading ability.5你认为心脏病与吸烟有关吗？Do you think that heart disease is_in_connection_with smoking?.完形填空Just the other day, a fierce storm hit our community. I looked out the
4、window and witnessed a tree being _1_ by the fierce winds. The branches bent, and swayed (摇摆) back and forth, thanks to their _2_ to avoid breaking. The leaves desperately stuck to the branches because their life _3_ the tree. The powerful trunk that _4_ the tree upright bent slightly backwards from
5、 the force in a battle to _5_ its position.After the storm had passed, the tree gracefully returned to its _6_ position standing tall amongst the chaos. It managed to _7_ the storm. It didnt look the same as leaves had shed from its branches and the soil had loosened a bit, but what _8_ is that the
6、tree won the fight for its life. For a long time I couldnt understand why this tree _9_ my attention the way it did. As time passed, it became _10_ that it wasnt just about the tree but about the roots, which, although unseen, dig deep into the soil providing _11_ and nutrition. The roots allow the
7、tree to be able to take a _12_ because they are there to support them.I couldnt but ask myself how deep the roots are in my life. _13_， the next time you catch your kids _14_， when the job is driving you crazy, when you are underpaid and the _15_ is tight, and when the storms of life are raging, go
8、back to your roots. Life is full of _16_. They will make you sway, make you _17_， make you lose some leaves but the deeper your roots the stronger you stand.Faced with _18_ you might bend but dont break. No matter how hard the wind blows dont let life _19_ you into an uncomfortable position. Your _2
9、0_ lies in your roots.语篇解读：几天前，作者亲眼目睹了一棵树经历了暴风雨却幸存下来的整个过程。作者借其告诉了我们一些人生的道理。1A.crushed BabusedCbroken Dremoved解析：选 B 句意：我朝窗外看去，目睹了一棵树被狂风摧残。abuse 意为“摧残，伤害，虐待” ；crush 意为“压坏，压碎，挤压变形” ；break 意为“打破，摔碎，折断” ；remove 意为“移动，搬动；去除” 。2A.height BthicknessCflexibility Doutline解析：选 C 句意：树枝弯了，来回地摇摆着，多亏了它们的柔韧性才没有折断。f
10、lexibility 意为 “柔韧性，灵活性” ；height 意为“身高，高度” ；thickness 意为“厚，厚度” ；outline 意为 “外形，轮廓；概括，纲要” 。3A.answered for Bdepended onCcatered for Dtouched on解析：选 B 句意：树叶不顾一切地固守在树枝上，因为它们的生命依靠这棵树。answer for 意为 “对负责；因而受到惩罚” ；depend on 意为“依靠，依赖；取决于”；cater for 意为“提供饮食及服务；迎合” ；touch on 意为“提及；涉及” 。4A.held BtiedCpulled Dra
11、ised解析：选 A 句意：在一场保持自己的位置的战斗中，使这棵树保持直立的强大的树干由于外力稍稍向后弯曲。hold 意为“使保持(某一位置) ”；tie 意为“系，捆，扎” ；pull意为“拉，拖，扯” ；raise 意为“举起，抬高” 。5A.achieve BreachCestablish Dmaintain解析：选 D 参见上题解析。 maintain 意为“维持，保持” ；achieve 意为“完成，达到，获得” ；reach 意为“到达，抵达，达到” ；establish 意为 “建立，确立，创建” 。6A.current BfinalCoriginal Dcomfortable解
12、析：选 C 句意：在暴风雨过去之后，这棵树优雅地回到原位，在一片混乱中高高地耸立着。original 意为“原来的，最初的” ；current 意为 “目前的，现在的” ；final 意为“最终的，最后的” ；comfortable 意为“舒服的，安逸的 ”。7A.explore BavoidCchase Dsurvive解析：选 D 句意：它在这场暴风雨中设法活了下来。 survive 意为“幸存，存活” ；explore 意为“探测；探索” ；avoid 意为“避免，防止” ； chase 意为“追赶，追逐” 。8A.counts BdiffersCconcerns Dreveals解析：
13、选 A 句意：它看上去不一样了，因为树叶已经从树枝上脱落，而且土壤有点变松，但重要的是这棵树赢得了这场生命之战。count 意为“重要；有价值” ；differ 意为“不同，有区别” ；concern 意为“涉及；使担忧” ；reveal 意为“揭示；揭露” 。9A.fixed BtransferredCescaped Dcaught解析：选 D 句意：我很长时间都无法理解为什么这棵树会吸引我的注意力。catch 意为“引起，吸引；接住，抓住” ；fix 意为“修理，维修” ；transfer 意为“转移，调动” ；escape 意为“逃离，逃脱” 。10A.strange BobviousC
14、possible Dreasonable解析：选 B 句意：随着时间的推移，显而易见，这不仅仅跟这棵树有关，而且还跟树的根有关。obvious 意为“ 明显的，显然的” ；strange 意为“奇怪的，古怪的” ；possible意为“可能的；合理的” ；reasonable 意为“公平的；合理的” 。11A.surroundings BresourcesCprobability Dstability解析：选 D 句意：尽管，树根不为人所见，但它们深扎于土壤，给树提供养分，使树站得更稳。stability 意为“ 稳定( 性)；稳固” ；surroundings 意为“(周围的) 环境” ；r
15、esource 意为“ 资源；财力” ； probability 意为“可能性；概率” 。12A.beating BstandCchance Dturning解析：选 A 句意：树根使树有能力遭受打击，因为它们会在那里支撑住它。take a beating 为固定短语，意为“挨打；受到打击” 。13A.However BThereforeCNevertheless DBesides解析：选 B 句意：我不得不问我自己在人生中的根扎得有多深。本文为借物喻人。文章借此句过渡，由对树根的描述转为对人的生命之根的描述。空后下文与过渡句前一段的内容构成因果顺承关系。therefore 意为“因此，所以”
16、 ；however 意为“然而；但是” ；nevertheless 意为 “然而；但是 ”；besides 意为“而且；此外” 。14A.misbehaving BstrugglingCwithdrawing Dmisunderstanding解析：选 A 句意：下一次你当场抓住你的孩子调皮捣蛋。misbehave 意为“品行不端；调皮捣蛋” ；struggle 意为“斗争；奋斗，努力” ；withdraw 意为“撤退，撤回” ；misunderstand 意为 “误解，误会” 。15A.security BdeadlineCmoney Dcommunity解析：选 C 句意：当你报酬过低，手
17、头的钱紧时。 money 意为“金钱” ；security 意为“安全” ；deadline 意为“截止日期 ”；community 意为 “社区” 。16A.surprises BchoicesCstorms Dchanges解析：选 C 根据上文的“and when the storms of life are raging”可知，人生充满着暴风雨。17A.smile BbendChesitate Dadvance解析：选 B 句意：暴风雨会使你摇晃、弯曲、失去一些叶子， 但是你的根扎得越深，你站得越有力。bend 意为“弯曲，变弯，弯腰” ；smile 意为 “微笑” ；hesitate
18、 意为“犹豫，踌躇” ；advance 意为“前进，进步” 。18A.opportunities BchallengesCtasks Ddifferences解析：选 B 句意：面对挑战，你可以 “弯曲”一下但不要被折断。challenge 意为“挑战” ；opportunity 意为“机会” ；task 意为“任务” ；difference 意为“差异” 。19A.trick BargueCforce Dadmit解析：选 C 句意：无论风刮得多么猛烈，不要让生活迫使你进入令人不舒服的境地。force 意为“迫使，强迫 ”；trick 意为“欺骗，哄骗” ；argue 意为“争论，辩论” ；
19、admit 意为“承认；准许进入” 。20A.courage BambitionCvalue Dstrength解析：选 D 根据上文的“the stronger you stand”可知，你的力量在于你的根。strength意为“力气，力量” ；courage 意为“勇气，胆量” ；ambition 意为“雄心，抱负” ；value 意为“价值；重要性” 。.阅读理解Its surprising to see bicycles back on the streets of many cities again but with a new look thanks to the sharing
20、economy and a boom (兴起) in bikesharing companies that work through mobile apps sort of like carhailing (叫车) services Uber or Didi, except for bikes.Cheap, practical and green, sharable bikes have become very popular with students and young professionals in Chinas leading cities. Why do we have to ow
21、n a bike when we can use our mobile phone to scan a QR code (扫描二维码) and unlock a nearby, new bike, ride it for however long we want at incredibly low prices (1 yuan or 0.5 yuan for 30 minutes), park and lock it, and then move on, only to pick up another bike elsewhere later in the day?Bikesharing co
22、mpanies in China sport a parade of colorful brands of their smart bikes orange for Mobike and yellow for Ofo, to name two market leaders among some 30 companies that have jumped into this area. Just as with Uber and Didi, you can bet there will be price wars and battles.You might say that bike shari
23、ng is nothing new or exciting. After all, bikesharing services have appeared in New York City and London. But the business model and technology for bikesharing in China is more advanced than in the West. In China, you can drop your rented bike wherever you want thanks to GPS technology that locates
24、and tracks the position for each bicycle.Bikesharing is regarded as a way to reduce traffic jams, cut air pollution, and improve health. However, statistics show more than 10,000 sharable bikes have been damaged in various ways such as bikes being painted or keylike QR codes being damaged. In Beijin
25、g and Shanghai, bikes are being dropped everywhere and starting to crowd city sidewalks. Fortunately, the bikesharing companies are considering the problems.语篇解读：本文是说明文。仿佛一夜之间，国内共享单车突然火爆了起来。这些共享单车给人们带来便利的同时也带来了一些问题。1What do we know about bikesharing in China?AIt is a completely new economy.BIt takes
26、 traditional bikes off the streets.CIt works in a similar way to car hailing.DIt is based on the same technology used in the West.解析：选 C 细节理解题。由第一段 “bikesharing companies that work through mobile apps sort of like carhailing services Uber or Didi, except for bikes”可知，共享单车的运作模式和叫车软件类似。2What is stress
27、ed in Paragraph 2?AThe convenience of using sharable bikes.BReasons why people dont have to own bikes.CThe advanced technology behind bikesharing.DThe present situation of the bikesharing market.解析：选 A 推理判断题。由第二段可知，本段强调了使用共享单车的便利，包括价格低廉、随用随取等。3. What is most likely to be talked about in the paragrap
28、h following the text?ABikesharing around the world.BProblems caused by sharable bikes.CMeasures to improve the bikesharing service.DWays to encourage the proper use and parking of bikes.解析：选 D 推理判断题。由最后一段可知，共享单车面临被蓄意破坏和随意停放带来的问题，共享单车公司也意识到了这些。由此可知，接下来可能会谈到应对这些问题的措施。4What would be the best title for
29、the text?AMobike vs Ofo: a bikesharing battleBBikesharing service is rising in ChinaCBikesharing faces challenges in ChinaDThe rise of the sharing economy in China解析：选 B 标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了共享单车在中国的兴起，同时也客观指出了其利弊。.语法填空Attending a fouryear college is costly. Many people with a college education said they ha
30、d to borrow money _1_ (afford) their education. So is a college education worth the price?According to a study that _2_ (carry) out last year, a college education is worth it, at least in the US. The study shows that someone with a 4year college education earns twice as much, if not more than, _3_ a
31、 high school graduate over a lifetime. However, not all college majors have a guarantee of good wages. For example, a chemical engineer can expect to earn double _4_ earnings of a social worker over a lifetime. _5_ (general), college majors that require skill in mathematics have high lifetime earnin
32、gs. Graduates _6_ (major) in computer science, engineering, and physics have the highest wages. Majors _7_ are connected with teaching children have the _8_ (low) pay.The study may help students make better decisions about higher education. But experts say that future earnings shouldnt be the only _
33、9_ (consider) thing when choosing a college major. Personal _10_ (enjoy), doing meaningful work, and filling a social need should also enter into a students decisionmaking.语 篇 解 读 ：上 大 学 要 花 很 多 钱 ，这 钱 花 得 值 吗 ？1to afford to afford their education 是不定式短语作目的状语。2was carried 主语 that (先行词是 a study) 是谓语动
34、词动作 carry out 的承受者，需用被动语态；由时间状语 last year 可知用一般过去时。3as 该句使用了“as . as .”结构。4the earnings 后有“of a social worker”修饰，表示特指。5Generally 空格中所填单词在句中修饰整个句子，需用 general 的副词形式。6majoring major 与逻辑主语 graduates 之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定语。7that/who 根据句子结构可知，该空是限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词是majors，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用 that 或 who。8lowest 这句话意思是“学儿童教育专业的收入最低” ，故填 low 的最高级。这里的 lowest 和前句中的 highest 相对。9considered consider 与 thing 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词 considered 作定语。10enjoyment 空格中所填单词前有 personal 修饰，且在句中作主语，故用 enjoy 的名词形式。
