1、 层序地层对比方法定量研究（申请中国石油大学工学博士学位论文）学科专业：地质资源与地质工程研究方向：盆地分析与资源评价博 士 生：指导教师：学校代号：10425学 号：B0201008iiThe Quantitative Research of Sequence Stratigraphic CorrelationDissertation Submitted toChina University of PetroleumIn partial fulfillment of the requirementsFor the degree ofDoctor of EngineeringByJianbin
2、g, Zhu（Geologic resources and Geologic engineering）Dissertation Supevisor Youlu, Jiang （Professor）Youliang, Ji （Professor ）Shanwen,Zhang （Professor ）i摘 要ii定量化研究是科学发展的必然趋势，也是地质科学研究中相对比较薄弱的环节。现阶段，层序地层学的定量研究主要是在计算机的层序模拟方面，而对于层序地层单元的识别及对比的定量研究涉及的比较少。然而进行层序地层单元定量识别和对比是开发层序地层相关应用软件的基础性工作，是将层序地层学研究中烦杂的数据分析
3、工作智能化的前提。论文从层序地层单元的定量划分和定量对比方法两个方面展开研究。在分析了大量地震、测井等资料的基础上，通过不同的数学方法（如 R/S 分析法、活度曲线法、小波分析法等） ，建立相应的层序地层单元识别方法，并对这些方法的适用性进行了讨论。在层序地层单元的定量对比方法上首先对层序地层单元的内部特征从频谱特征、测井曲线形态、地球化学标志，古生物特征等方法进行了描述，并将这些特征通过数字化或是字符串链码转换的方法进行定量化。其中在频谱特征的描述中对河流相沉积环境建立了 Fu 旋回、FuCu 旋回、CuFu 旋回加 Cu 旋回、CuFu 旋回加 Cu 旋回和 Cu 旋回五种准层序类型。在三
4、角洲沉积环境中建立了 CuFu 型、CuCu 型和 FuFu 型三种准层序类型的频谱特征。在近岸水下扇沉积环境中建立了 CuFu 型、CuCu 型和 CuHu 型三种准层序类型的频谱特征。通过这些特征值的对比就可以建立层序地层单元的定量对比。在层序地层单元的定量对比中摒弃了传统地层对比中层层单一比较的方法，而是采用了动态波形匹配算法，通过对井间所有层序地层单元的内部特征的比较，选择匹配代价最小的对比路径，从最优化的角度来选取相关的层序地层单元，并且建立了不同地层结构下的地层单元的对比路径图。最后，以苏里格和胜利油田东营凹陷等地区的实际剖面为例，对不同沉积环境（河流、三角洲、水下扇）利用定量化的
5、分析方法进行了层序地层单元的划分和对比，建立了层序地层定量化研究的新思路。主题词：层序地层学；地层划分；地层对比；定量化；数学模型iiiThe Quantitative Research of Sequence Stratigraphic CorrelationDissertation Submitted toChina University of PetroleumByJianbing, Zhu（Geologic resources and Geologic engineering）Dissertation Supevisor Youlu, Jiang （Professor）Youliang
6、, Ji （Professor ）Shanwen,Zhang （Professor ）ivAbstractNowadays，the quantitative research is an inevitable tendency of the development of science and a relatively weak point in the study of geologic science. At the present time, the quantitative research of sequence stratigraphy mainly focuses on sequ
7、ence stratigraphic modeling by computer, but it touches a little on the recognition and correlation of sequence stratigraphic units. However, to carry out the quantitative recognition and correlation of sequence stratigraphic units is the basic work for application software development corresponding
8、 to sequence stratigraphy and prerequisite for making complicated data analysis work intelligentized during the study of sequence stratigraphy. The dissertation is discussed from two parts: the quantitative division and correlation methods for sequence stratigraphic units. Based on the analysis of a
9、 great deal of seismic data, logging data and so on, with different mathematical methods (such as the Analysis of R/S, Activity Curve Analysis and Wavelet Analysis), the recognition methods corresponding to sequence stratigraphic units are established, and the applicability of these methods is discu
10、ssed. At first, the quantitative correlation method of sequence stratigraphic units carries out some descriptive work on the interior characters of sequence stratigraphic units from different angles such as spectrum signature, log curve shape, geochemical sign and palaeontologic character. And then
11、it quantifies these characters with methods of numeralization or chain code of character string conversion. In the description of spectrum signature, for fluvial facies sedimentary environment, five parasequence types such as Fu,FuCu,Cu FuCu,CuFu and Cu are established. For deltaic sedimentary envir
12、onment, the spectrum signatures of three parasequence types: Cu-Fu, Cu-Cu, Fu-Fu are established. For near shore submerged fan, Cu-Fu, Cu-Cu, Cu-Hu are established. Through the correlation of these eigenvalues, the quantitative correlation can be done. The quantitative correlation method of sequence
13、 stratigraphic units abandons the method of comparison between single stratums in traditional stratum correlation. It takes dynamic waveform matching arithmetic, according to comparison of interior characters of all sequence stratigraphic units between wells, chooses correlation route which has the
14、least matching value, selects corresponding sequence stratigraphic units from the optimizing rule and then establishes correlation route map of stratum units under different stratum frame. Finally, it takes the practical sections of Sulige and Dongying Depression in Shengli Oilfield for example. Wit
15、h the quantitative analysis method, it carries out the division and correlation of sequence stratigraphic units for different sedimentary environment (river, vdelta, nearshore submerged fan) and then it establishes the new idea for the quantitative research of sequence stratigraphy.Key words: Sequen
16、ce Stratigraphy; Stratigraphic Division; Stratigraphic Correlation; Quantification; Mathematical modelvi层序地层对比方法定量研究创新点摘要1通过对测井数据的分析建立了几种层序地层单元划分的定量化方法，如R/S 分析法、活度曲线法、小波分析法和砂泥比曲线法。另外，还利用了神经网络，模式识别，频谱分析等方法来对层序地层单元的划分进行研究。 （见第 3 章）2在层序地层单元划分的基础上，对层序地层单元内部特征的定量描述进行了研究，特别是建立了不同沉积环境下准层序单元的测井曲线频谱特征。在河流沉积环
17、境下建立了五类准层序类型。对于准层序组单元建立了加积型准层序组、进积型准层序组和退积型准层序组三种类型；在三角洲沉积环境中建立了 CuFu型、CuCu 型和 FuFu 型三种准层序类型并给出了相应的频谱特征；在近岸水下扇沉积环境中建立了 CuFu 型、CuCu 型和 CuHu 型三种准层序类型及其频谱特征。 （见第 4 章）3建立了层序地层单元测井形态的描述特征，采用的方法包括对称斜差法、滤波法以及测井曲线的数字特征描述。其中测井曲线的数字特征包含了幅度、形态、厚度、光滑度和顶底接触关系等方面的定量描述。 （见第 4 章）4在层序地层单元对比的定量方法上，采用动态波形匹配的方法进行动态的全局最
18、优的对比。建立了层序地层单元特征定量比较的方法，对于非数值型的特征进行相应的链码转换。利用地层对比路径图来描述层序地层单元的对比过程，并给出了各种地层结构下的地层对比路径图。 （见第 5 章）vii目 录独创性声明i中文摘要ii 英文摘要iii创新点摘要vi目录vii第 1 章 引言11.1 论文研究的目的与意义11.2 国内外研究现状及发展趋势21.3 研究内容和方法5第 2 章 层序地层单元划分及界面识别方法72.1 层序地层单元等级划分72.2 层序地层单元界面识别方法9第 3 章 层序地层单元界面定量划分方法133.1 层序地层单元界面定量划分的理论基础133.2 层序地层单元定量划分方法13第 4 章 层序地层单元内部特征表征324.1 不同沉积环境层序地层单元频谱特征324.2 层序地层单元测井形态特征464.3 层序地层单元地球化学特征514.4 层序地层单元的古生物特征53第 5 章 层序地层单元定量对比方法545.1 常规地层定量对比方法545.2 层序地层单元内部的定量对比57第 6 章 研究实例636.1 河流相层序地层单元定量分析及对比636.2 河流相层序地层单元定量分析及对比666.3 河流相层序地层单元定量分析及对比69第 7 章 结 论72参考文献73viii附录78致谢92个人简历、在学期间的研究成果93
