1、1倒装句结构讲与练宁夏 肖克义什么叫“倒装句”呢？“倒装句”主要指的是谓语语序的倒装，当然也有宾语和表语语序的倒装。将谓语的一部分提到主语之前的叫部分倒装；将谓语的全部提到主语之前叫全部倒装。一、部分倒装：这是指把 be 动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词，要在主语之前加助动词 do/does/did 等，而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。部分倒装主要有以下几种情况：1、句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。这类词有（never, neither, nor, little, seldom, rarely, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, not
2、 only, in no way, at no time, few, not, no）, 如：Not a word did I say to him.Never have I found him so happy.Little does he care about what I said.I cant swim. Neither can he.No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep.Exercises:1) Hardly _the airport when the plane took off.A. I had arrived at B
3、. had I arrivedC. had I realized D. I had got to2) -Have you ever seen anything like that before?-No, _.A. I never have seen anything like that beforeB. never I have seen anything like that beforeC. never have I seen anything like that beforeD. I have seen anything like that before3) By no means _ y
4、ou.A. shall I misunderstood B. I shall misunderstoodC. shall I misunderstand D. I shall misunderstand4) _ of it.A. Little I thought B. Little did I thinkC. Did I little think D. Did little I think5) She is not fond of cooking, _ I.A. So am B. nor amC. neither D. nor do参考答案： 1) C 2) C 3) C 4) C 5) B2
5、、only+状语放在句首，要部分倒装。如：Only by this means is it possible to explain it.（介词短语）Only then did I realize the importance of math.（副词）Only when the war was over in 1918, was he able to get happily back to work.（从句）Exercises:1) Only in this way _ progress in your English.A. you make B. can you makeC. you be
6、able to make D. will you able to make22) Only when the meeting was over, _ go back to meet his friend.A. he could B. he was able toC. was he able to D. was able to he参考答案： 1) B 2) C3、so 或 so 引导的短语放在聚首，部分倒装。I saw the film, so did she.So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear
7、 him.Exercises:1) I like sports and _ my brother.A. so does B. so isC. so can D. so likes2) The doctor told Charlie to breathe deeply and _.A. so did Charlie B. Charlie did soC. Charlie does so D. did Charlie so3) So loudly _ that _ hear her clearly.A. did she speak; could everyone B. did she speak;
8、 everyone couldC. she spoke; could everyone D. she spoke; everyone could参考答案： 1) A 2) B 3) B4、 “Not only+分句， but also+分句”句型中的前一分句要部分倒装。如：Not only does John love Chinese, he is also good at speaking it.但 not onlybut also连接主语时，不倒装。如：Not only the mother but also the children are sick.Exercises:1) _ him
9、self wrong, but his friends were wrong.A. Not was only he B. Not only heC. Not only was he D. Not only was2) Not only _ (he, can) run this machine, but _ (he, can) repair it.参考答案： 1) C 2) can he; he can5、Not until 放在句首，从句不倒装，主句倒装。如：Not until last week did they find the lost bike.（简单句）Not until my so
10、n had entered the university did he realize the importance of time. （复合句）Exercises:1) Not until the early years of the 19th century_ what heat is. A. man did know B. man knowC. didnt man know D. did man know2) Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted.A. didnt I realize B. did I realize
11、C. I didnt realize D. I realize参考答案： 1) D 2) B6、a.宾语倒装This they kept for themselves.Many happy hours she spent planning for something nice.b. as 引导的让步状语从句Proud as these nobles are, hes afraid to see me.3Tired as he was, he kept on running.c. 用于省略 if 的虚拟条件句中。如：Had you reviewed your lessons, you might
12、 have passed the exam.Exercises:1) _, hes honest.A. As he is poor B. Poor is heC. Poor as he is D. Poor as is he2) _ tomorrow, they would go out.A. The weather is fine B. Should the weather be fineC. Is the weather fine D. Could the weather be fine参考答案： 1) C 2) B7、在以 often, well, many a time, now an
13、d again 等方式或频度副词（短语）开头的句子中，要用部分倒装结构。如：Many a time has John given me good advice.Often have we made that test.Exercises:1) Many a time _ swimming alone.A. the boy went B. went the boyC. did the boy go D. did go the boy参考答案： 1) C二、全部倒装：全部倒装有以下几种情况：1、There be 结构，在此结构中可以用来代替 be 动词的动词有： exist, seem, happ
14、en, appear, live, rise, stand 等。如：There stood a dog before him.There exist different opinions on this question.Exercises:1) _, there would be no air around the earth.A. There were no gravity B. There was not any gravityC. Were there no gravity D. Was there no gravity2) _ a beautiful palace _ the foo
15、t of the hill.A. There standat B. There standsunderC. Stands thereunder D. There standsat3) _ a wonderful football match on TV tomorrow.A. There is B. There is going to haveC. Theres going to be D. There will have参考答案： 1) C 2) D 3) C2、 “Here, There, Now, Then + come (或 be 等)+主语”结构。说明：本句型种 there 是副词，
16、应重读，强调地点。而前一句型中的 there 是引导词，本身没意义。如：Here comes the old lady!Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.There comes the bus.Now comes your turn.除了 then 引导的句子用过去式以外，其余的均用一般现在时，表示一种生动的描述。其次，4如果主语时人称代词，就不用倒装。如：Here you are.There she comes.Exercises:1) There_.A. goes the bell B. the bell goesC. do
17、es the bell go D. did the bell go2) Here _.A. she is B. is sheC. she be D. was she3) There_. And here _.A. goes the phoneshe comes B. is the phone goingis sheC. does the phone godoes she come D. the phone goescome she参考答案： 1) A 2) A 3) A3、表示方向的副词 out, in, up, down,等置于句首，要用全部倒装。如：In came Mr White.Up
18、went the arrow into the air.Away went the boy.Exercises: 1) Out_, with a stick in his hand.A. did he rush B. rushed heC. he rushed D. he did rush2) _ from the top of the building when the policeman pointed the gun at him.A. Jumped down the robber B. Jumped the robber downC. Down jumped the robber D.
19、 Down the robber jumped参考答案： 1) C 2) C4、 “分词（代词）+be+主语”结构。如：Gone forever are the dark days of the old society.Walking at the head of the line was our teacher.Such was the story he told me.Exercises:1) _, a man of achievements, deep thoughts, but with simple habits.A. Einstein was such B. Such was Ei
20、nsteinC. Einstein was so D. So was Einstein2) _ are the days when teachers were looked down upon.A. Gone B. GoC. To go D. Going参考答案： 1) B 2) A5、表示地点的介词短语(on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room,等) 放在句首时，要全部倒装。如：On the top of the hill stands a pine tree.In front
21、of the classroom is a playground.Exercises:1) On the top of the hill _ where I once visited the monk.5A. a temple stands B. does a temple standC. a temple stands there D. stands a temple2) Near the church _ cottage.A. was such an old B. had a so oldC. was such old a D. is so an old参考答案： 1) D 2) A 三、
22、倒装句的作用1、表示强调意义陈述句一般用自然语序，如果把陈述句的某一部分放在句首，则表示对这一部分的腔调。如：Only in this way can you learn English well.Never before have I seen such a wonderful film.2、起平衡作用。为了让句子保持平衡，结构上的需要。如：They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.3、描绘
23、意义在描写某一个情景时，为了使其更生动。如：Down flew the bat.Out rushed the boys and girls.More exercises:1) Are you going to see the film with us?If Mary wants to go,_.A. So do I B. So will IC. I also go D. So I will2) My car broke down when I was leaving Detroit and I had to take the bus. _, we would have picked you u
24、p.A. Had we known B. We had known itC. If we were known D. If we know3) This store has such high prices.I agree. Never again _ here.A. I will shop B. will I shopC. I do shopping D. I do shop4) Not until the early 1900s _ a vote in the United States.A. women were allowed B. were women allowedC. they
25、allowed women D. when women were allowed5) After that we never saw her again, nor _from her.A. did we hear B. we heardC. had we heard D. we have heard6) I really dont know _ he means yes_ no._ do I.A. neither; nor; None B. whether; or; NeitherC. if; and; Both D. either; or; Either7) Only by practici
26、ng a few hours every day _ be able to master the language.A. you can B. can you6C. you will D. will you8) Not only _ polluted but _ crowded.A. was the citywere the streets B. the city waswere the streetsC. was the citythe streets were D. the city wasthe streets were9) So_ that no fish can live in it.A. the lake is shallow B. shallow the lake isC. shallow is the lake D. is the lake shallow10) On the wall _ two large portraits.A. hangs B. hangC. hanged D. hanging参考答案：1) B 2) A 3) B 4) B 5) A 6) B 7) D 8) C 9) C10) B
