1、1Unit2一、知识点1. go to the pictures 去看电 影（美） ；go to the movies 去看电影（英）2. list the countries that use English as an official language 列举把英语用作官方语言的国家3. the road to 通向之路4. at the end of 在末端，在尽头，by the end 最后（=finally ）5. because of 因为 （注意和 because 的区别）Many beautiful fish are fast disappearing because of t
2、he severe pollution.因为污染严重，许多美丽的鱼类正在面临绝种。An argument was inevitable because they disliked each other so much.争论是不可避免的，因为他们彼此非常厌恶。6. native English speakers 以英语作为母语的人7. even if (= even thoug)即使，用来引导一个让步状语从句，后面既可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气，但是 even if/even though,引导的从句中不用将来时。如：Even though/if it rains tomorrow, we wi
3、ll leave for Beijing.8. come up 走上前来，走近，发生，出现 come up with 追上，赶上，提出9. Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.事实上，当不同文化相互交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所发展、有所变化。10. be different from 与不同be different in 在不同Most of my projects will be wildly different in performance
4、 from one night to the next.我多数作品每天晚上的演奏风格都各不相同。As we know, Britain English is a little different from American English.中所周知，英国英语和美国英语有点不同。11. be based on 以为基础 The relationship between our two countries is based upon mutual respect. 两个国家的关系以相互尊重为基础。This book is based on a true story that happened in
5、 the 1930s. 这本书以发生在 20 世纪三十年代的真实故事为基础。 The reporter asked the writer who he based his character on. 记者问作家他作品的人物是以谁为原型的。12. at present 目前，眼下 be present at 在席；出席 present sth to sb / present sb with sth把推荐，呈现for the present 眼前；暂时 present oneself 出席；到场13. make (great/ good/better/full)use ofWe have a lo
6、t of work to do, so we have to make good use of time.我们有很多工作要做，所以要好好利用时间。14. The latter gave a separate identity to Amerian English speaking. 后者体现了美国英语的不同特色。15. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. 比如说， 印度拥有 众多讲英语流利的人，这是
7、应为英国于 1765 到1947 年统治过印度。(A small number of friends came to help him when he was in trouble)16. such as 例如for example In this paragraph there are many nouns, such as boy, girl, and book. 这一段里面有很多名词，例如男孩、女孩和书本。Many great men have risen from poverty-Lincoln, for example. 许多伟人从贫困中崛起，例如林肯。You can take yo
8、ur research work for example.你可以拿你的研究工作做个例子。17. Today, the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. 目前在中学习英语的人数正在迅速增长。18. the largest number of 大多数的China has the largest number of people.中国有着世界上最多的人。19. It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as fluently as a na
9、tive speaker. 中国人说英语很难像以英语为母语的人说英语那么流利。20. One reason is that English has a large vocabulary. 一个原因是英语有很大的词汇量。21. different English speaking countries 不同的说英语的国家22. sing sb a song = sing a song for sb23. turn off2turn onturn upturn down24. hold on 坚持住，握住不放；(打电话时) 不挂断，等会 hold on to vt. 拉住( 抓牢)25. belie
10、ve it or not 信不信由你26. those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English 人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语27. you will hear the difference in the way（that/ in which） people speak. 你会听出人们在说话时的差异。28. play a role/ part (in) 在中担任角色；在中起作用;扮演一个角色；参与play an important role/ part 在中起重要作用Deng Xiaoping pl
11、ayed an important part in developing the economy in China.邓小平在中国经济的发展过程中起着重要作用。29. from one place to another 从一个地方到另一个地方30. the same as 与 一样31. they still recognize and understand each others dialects. 他们仍然能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。32. No problem.没问题33. a nice fall day = a lovely autumn day34. at the top of在顶上，在
12、最高位，at the bottom of 在底部35. keep fit 保持健康You need exercise and keep fit.你需要运动和保持体形。36. build up 逐渐积聚，集结；逐步建立；增进，增强bring up 教养，养育；提出37. When you learn English, try to have fun with the language. 当学英语的时候，努力找出语言的乐趣。38. Visitors are requested not to take photos in the museum. 博物馆要求参观的旅客不得在馆内拍照。39. by ca
13、ndle light 借助于烛光 40. be satisfied with对感到满意，满足于Never be satisfied with just a little success. 不要有一点成绩就满足。41. She suggested using CDs to listen to English songs and learn English expressions, watching the news and interviews on CCTV 9, and trying to listen to native speakers.她建议用 CD来听英语歌曲和学习英语短语，看新闻和
14、中央电视台 9 套 访谈，努力听以英语为母语的人说话。It is suggested that .有人提议. I suggest that .我觉得认为I suggested you do what he says. 我建议你按照他说的去做。I suggest you not go tomorrow. 我想你明天还是不要去了。His pale face suggested that he was in bad health. 他 苍白的脸色暗示了他身体不好。42. at sea 在海上 当海员 迷惑, 茫然 by sea 乘船，经海路by the sea在海边, 在海岸边 in the sea
15、 在海里on the sea 在海上beyond/over the sea 在海外She tried to understand the instructions, but she was completely at sea.她费尽力气想看懂那些说明文字，却全然不知所云。43. according to 按照 He lives according to her means 他按他的方式生活3课文回忆1.词汇练兵英语可以让你想到那些词汇English 英语 abroad 海外 language 语言 foreigner 外国人speak 、say 说 listen 听 read 读 learn
16、学习等等2.说明文阅读技巧：找全文或每段的 the main point（中心话题）Paragraph1: The spread of English language in the world Paragraph2:Native speaker can understand each other but they may not be able to understand everythingParagraph3:All languages change when cultures communicate with one another Paragraph4:English is spok
17、en as a foreign language or second language in Africa and Asia 3.短语归纳1. 不只有一种英语 more than one kind of English2. 在一些重要方面 in some important ways3. 彼此不同 be different from one another4. 与现代英语不同 be different from modern / present day English 5. 世界英语 world Englishes6. 起着的重要作用 play an important role / part
18、7. 起着越来越重要的作用 play a more and more /an increasingly important part / role8. 因为它特殊的作用 because of its special role9. 国际语言 an international language10. 在 16 世纪末 at the end of the 16 th century11. 在 17 世纪初 at the beginning of the 17 th century12. 在 20 世纪前期 in the early 20 th century13. 比以往任何时候都 than eve
19、r before14. 即使 even if / even though15. 以德语为基础 be based on German16. 使用更大的词汇量 make use of a wider vocabulary17. 它自己的特色 its own identity18. 众多讲英语的人 a very large number of English speakers19. 学英语的人数 the number of people learning English20. 迅速增长 increase rapidly21. 标准英语 standard English22. 信不信由你 believ
20、e it or not23. 讲最好的英语 speak excellent English24. 相邻的城镇 neighboring towns 25. 从一个地方搬到另一个地方 move from one place to another26. 充分利用不同的方言 make full use of different dialects27. 目前的形势 present situation28. 国际组织 an international organization29. 词汇与惯用法 vocabulary and usage30. 辨认出他的口音 recognize his accent31.
21、 中西部地区的方言 midwestern dialect(s)32. 发出命令 give commands33. 提出客气的请求 make a polite request4要点提炼I 词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1. voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour【解释】voyage: 去国外或较远地方的海上旅行journey: 指较远的从一地到另一地旅行travel: 一系列的旅程，尤指旅行的概念trip: (短途)旅行tour: 为了公务、娱乐或教育参观多处名胜的旅行【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). It is tiring to take a
22、 long _ by train from Paris to Moscow.2). The _ from England to Australia used to take several months.3). Well have time for a _ to France next weekend.4). We went on a guided _ round the castle.答案: 1). journey 2). voyage 3). trip 4). tour1. recognize/realize/know(1)recognize 指原来很熟悉，经过一段时间的间隔或别的原因后又
23、重新认出来。(2)realize 强调在经过一个过程后的了解。(3)know 是延续性动词，指互相间十分熟悉、十分了解应用 1(1)Only after you lose your health will you _ the importance of health.(2)Ive _ Tom for years.(3)I _ him as soon as he came into the room2. frequent/common/ordinary/general/regular【解释】frequent 经常的，时间或间歇很短的发生或出现common 通常的、常发生的、广泛使用或众所周知的o
24、rdinary 指种类普通且不能从其他中加以区别的，有时含贬义general 一般性的，到处的；不限于领域、地区或应用regular 平常的；惯例的；习惯性的、通常的或正常的【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). This is a _ problem.2). He often makes _ errors of judgment.3)Look at the trains _ schedule.4)The violinist gave a very _ performance marked by an occasional memory lapse.5)As a _ rule I a
25、m home by six.答案: 1). common 2). frequent 3). regular 4). ordinary 5). general2. such as/for example/that is/and so on(1)such as 用于列举事物时常放在所列举事物与前面的名词之间，且其后不用逗号，直接跟所列举的事物，可与 like 互换。它所列举的事物的数量不能等同于前面所提的事物的总和，否则就用 that is 或 namely。(2)for example 主要用于举例说明，其前后多用符号隔开。其位置比较灵活，可位于句首、句中或句末(such as 只能位于所列举的
26、事物之前) 。(3)that is 相当于 namely，它所列举的事物的总量等于前面所提到的事物的总和。(4)and so on 对几个事物进行列举时，在说了其中的几个以后，用and so on 进行概括，说明还有例子，但不一一列出了。应用 2 (1)My daughter studies four subjects in school, _， Chinese, maths, English and PE.(2)Overcooking, _， destroys many nutrients.(3)He can speak some other languages, _ French and
27、German.(4)There are some books, pens, erasers _ in my bag.53. especially/ specially【解释】especially 意思是“尤其，特别”，表达事物的不寻常或特别重要specially 指为了某一目的，专门做某事【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Our city is very beautiful, _ in spring. 我们城市很美丽，尤其在春天。2). He came here _ to ask you for help. 他是专程来这里向你求助的。答案: 1). especially 2).
28、 specially 4 a number of / the number of【解释】a number of 意思是“若干；许多 ”the number of 意思是“的数目”【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Today _ people learning Chinese in the world is raising rapidly.2). _ books in the market are in English.答案: 1). the number of 2). A number ofII 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）1. actual adj. 实际的 act
29、ually adv. 实际上；事实上2. base n. 基地；基础 base v. 以为根据 basic adj. 基本的3. east n. 东方 eastern adj. 东方的；东部的【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1) What did he _ say? (actual)2) The _ cost was much higher than we had expected. (actual)3）My knowledge of physics is pretty _. (base)4）She used her familys history as a _ for her nove
30、l. (base)5）This novel is _ on historical facts. (base)6）He is interested in _ customs. (determine)7) The wind is blowing from the _. (determine)答案: 1) actually 2) actual 3) basic 4) base5) based 6) eastern 7) east重点词汇1. present n. 礼物 adj. 在场的；目前的 vt. 赠送 典例 1). The mountain bike is a birthday present
31、 from my parents.这辆山地自行车是父母给我的生日礼物。2). I am afraid I cant help you at present. 恐怕现在我没法帮助你。3). In the present case, I advise you to wait. 按照目前的情况，我建议你等等。重点用法at present=at the present time=now 目前，现在be present at 出席；到场 (反义： be absent from)present sb.with sth = present sth. to sb.把某物送给某人练习 中译英1). 所有（那些）
32、在场者一眼就看出那个错误。2). 这本书是哥哥赠送给我的。答案: 1). The mistake was obvious to all (those) present. 2). This book was a present from my brother.2. command n. native language；is native to；a native of重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）e up 走近；上来；提出典例 1). The little came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police sta
33、tion.小男孩向陌生人走去，并告诉他去警察局的路。3). It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting. 这个问题在会议上一定会被提出来的。5). I am afraid something urgent has come up. 恐怕发生了什么急事。短语归纳come across 邂逅 come about 发生 come at 向扑来,攻击 come from 来自come out 出版;开花；结果是 come up with 想出come round 绕道而来 come down 落下,塌下练习 用 come 构
34、成的词组填空。1). The hunter walked across the forest when suddenly a bear _ him. 2). The magazine _ once a month.3). I wish you can _ to England on your holiday.4). The engineers has _ new ways of saving energy.5). They _ an old school friend in the street this morning.答案: 1). came at 2). comes out 3). co
35、me over 4). come up with 5). came across2. make use of 利用；使用典例 1). You ought to make good use of any opportunity to practise English. 你应该好好利用机会练习英语。短语归纳make good use of 好好利用 make full use of 充分利用 make the best/most of 充分利用练习1). 要充分利用一切机会说英语。2). 我们要很好地发挥她的才能。答案: 1). Make full use of every chance you
36、have to speak English. 2). We will make good use of her talents.3. such as 例如；像这种的1). Such poets as Keats and Shelley wrote Romantic poetry. 有些诗人, 如济慈和雪莱, 写的是浪漫主义的诗歌2). Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare. 兰花和报春花之类的野花越来越少了练习 用 such as 或 for example 填空1). I like drinks _ tea
37、and soda.2). The report is incomplete; it doesnt include sales in France, _.答案: 1) such as 2). For example4. play a part (in) 扮演一个角色；参与典例 1). She plays an active part in local politics. 她积极参与地方政治活动。2). She played a major part in the success of the scheme. 她对该计划的成功起了重要作用。翻译：中国在当今世界扮演着重要的角色。China is p
38、laying an important part/role in the world today.短语归纳take part (in sth)参加, 参与（某事物 for the most part 整体上; 通常; 多半8the best part of sth（某事物的）绝大部分（尤指一段时间） for my part 就我来说练习 中译英1). 有多少国家要参加（世界杯赛）？2). 对我来说, 到哪儿吃饭都无所谓。答案: 1). How many countries will be taking part (in the World Cup)?2). For my part, I don
39、t mind where we eat.6. because of 因为；由于典例1). They are here because of us. 他们是因为我们来这里的。短语归纳because of 是复合介词。because 是从属连词，引导原因状语从句。练习 He came late to school again _ he got up too late. The girl cried _ what the teacher said. we have to cancel our trip _ the bad weather.7. base on 以 为基础e.g The movie i
40、s based on facts 7ever before 从前 8even if/though 即使9be based on 以为基础 10over time 长期以来11in the early days 在早期 12the same as 相同于13. Believe it or not 信不信由你14. a number of N. 许多,大量. 作主语时, 谓语用复数 . the number of N. 的数量. 作主语时, 谓语用单数 Eg A number of people have read this novel. The number of people here is
41、50. V 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）1. Which country do you think has the most English learners?解释do you think/believe/expect/ find/know/suppose 作为插入语,放在特殊疑问词后，其它内容紧跟其后并用陈述语序。 What time do you expect we will come and pick you up？你希望我们几点来接你？What do you suppose he will do after he hears about the good news？你认为他
42、听到那个好消息后会做什么呢？Why do you think their team could win the football match? 你认为他们队为什么能赢得那场足球赛呢？2. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.解释 than ever before 常与比较级连用，意为“比以往任何时候更 ”。如：The stars were shining brightly in the dark sky, and the night was
43、more beautiful than ever before. 繁星点缀在夜空里，夜晚比以往更美。练习 中译英1). 简看起来比以前漂亮多了。 2). 雨下得比以前更大。答案: 1). Jane looks much prettier than ever before.2). Its raining harder than ever before.拓展：(1)引导让步状语从句的引导词还有 although, though, no matter when/what., whenever, wherever, however 等等。(2)as 也可以引导让步状语从句，但要把其表语、谓语或宾语前置
44、，且前置的单数名词不可以加冠词。Even though you achieve great success in your work, you should not be conceited.即使你们在工作中取得了巨大的成绩，也不应该自满。Whatever you do, do it well.不管你做什么，把它做好。However hot it is, he wont take off his hat.不管多热，他都不摘下帽子。Girl as she is, she can go alone in the darkness.尽管她是个女孩，她敢一个人走夜路。即境活用 1 (2007 浙江)M
45、any of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _they knew it to be valuable.9Aas if Bnow that Ceven though Dso that解析：even thougheven if “即使”，引导让步状语从句。答案：C 2Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你，( 世界上)没有什么标准英语。(1)believe it or not 信不信由你。常在句中做插入语。(2)no such thing 没有这样的事情。
46、 such 与 all, no, some, any, few, little, many, much, several, one 等词连用时，应位于它们的后面。Believe it or not, he refused to accept our offer.信不信由你，他拒绝接受我们的帮助。There is no such street in the city.这城市没有那样的街道。He said he didnt have time or made some such excuse.他说他没有时间或别的诸如此类的借口。即境活用 2 (2009 安徽)Im amazed to hear f
47、rom my school teacher again. _， it is ten years since we met last.AIn a word BWhats more CThats to say DBelieve it or not解析：句意：想不到又一次收到学校老师的来信，信不信由你，我们上次见面还是在十年前。in a word 总之；whats more 而且； thats to say 也就是说；believe it or not 信不信由你。答案：D3. with 的复合结构应用 3 (1)Come on, please give me some ideas about th
48、e project.Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break down.Afilled Bfilling Cto fill Dbeing filled解析：with 复合结构中，work 和 fill 是主动关系，且表示正在进行，因此其后要用 doing 结构。答案：B(2)John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _， he gladly accepted it.Afinished Bfinishing Chaving finished Dwas finished解
