1、Martial Arts & Traditional Chinese Weapons,Overview about Martial Arts(Kong-fu),what is Martial Arts(kong-fu)?,Wushu or martial arts is a defensive and offensive combat system that includes many set patterns such as kicking,hitting，throwing,catching，hacking,and sticking. 所谓武术，就是以踢、打、摔、拿、劈、刺等技击动作为主要内
2、容，组成进攻和防守套路的对抗形式攻和防守套路的对抗形式。,Overview about Martial Arts(Kong-fu),Kong-fu: How did this come about? Chinese Wushu can be traced back to primitive societyIn the harsh struggle for survival，some attacking and defending skills were neededIn effort to improve physical strength and advance their wisdom o
3、f hunting,the original Wushu was developedAfter entering into a slave and feudal society,fighting skills developed quickly as wars burst out very frequentlyThe turbulent society was another reason promote people to practice Wushu中国武术的源头，可以追溯到原始社会。在严酷的生存斗争中，人们自然产生一些拳打脚踢的初级攻防手段。在狩猎活动中，人们不断改善体力、提高智慧，于是
4、就出现了原始形态的武术。进入奴隶社会和封建社会后，民族、国家之间经常爆发战争，武术的格斗技能在军队中得到重视和发展。社会动荡不安也大大促进了民间习武之风。,Myths of the Martial Arts,While it is true that the martial arts constitute an important aspect of Chinese physical culture, general understanding of the Chinese martial arts tradition is based on two myths： Myths: Their o
5、rigins are attributed toBodhidharma（达摩）, an Indian monk who is said to have come to China in the 6th century and resided in the famous Shaolin Monastery around 525 AD Taiji quan (Tai-chi chuan) allegedly（据传） created by Zhang Sanfeng, a mythical Taoist master believed to have lived in the Song, Yuan,
6、 or Ming dynasty (1368-1644),Overview about Martial Arts(Kong-fu),Main shchools of Martial Arts:Shaolin boxing(北派少林）Shaolin boxing is famous for its outside skills .Long boxing,Short boxing,and Ditang boxing，belong to the Shaolin style and are mainly used for fighting.少林以外家拳著称于世,外家拳的种类很多，包括长拳、短拳、地躺拳
7、等，主要用于格斗。,Overview about Martial Arts(Kong-fu),Main shchools of Martial Arts:Shaolin boxing(北派少林）Shaolin temple rising to prominence was one of the most important things in Chinese Wushu historyThe temple is located on MtSongshan in Dengfeng county,Henan Province. It is said that during the Tang Dyn
8、asty,the monks helped Li-Shimin, a would-be emperor, making a great contribution to unite the states，thus the temple was given a handsome rewardSince then,the Kong -fu of Shaolin has been developed and became famous all over the world少林寺的崛起是中国武术史上的一件大事。少林寺位于河南省登封县的嵩山上。据说唐朝时期，少林寺的武僧帮助秦王李世民作战，为唐朝统一天下立
9、下汗马功劳，少林寺因此受到了皇帝的封赏。从此，少林寺武功日益发展，并扬名天下,Overview about Martial Arts(Kong-fu),Main shchools of Martial Arts:Shaolin boxing(北派少林） Northern Shaolin, Mt. Song, Henan Province Southern Shaolin, Putian, Fujian ProvinceTheir martial art skills came from that handed down by Bodhidhama, the first patriarch（禅宗
10、） of Chinese Chan traditionKnown as the originator of Muscle Change Classic (Yijin jing), Mallow Cleasing Classic (Xisui jing), Eighteen Lohan exercises.,Overview about Martial Arts(Kong-fu),Main shchools of Martial Arts:Wudang boxing(南派武当）Wudang has gained the good reputation for inside skills. .On
11、ly Taichi boxing and Eight Diagram belong to Wudang boxing , which are mainly used for defending and keeping in good health.武当则以内家拳名闻天下,内家拳的种类主要有“太极”和“八卦”两种，其特点是“以静制动”，“主在御敌”，更侧重于健身.,八卦掌,太极拳,Overview about Martial Arts(Kong-fu),Main shchools of Martial Arts:Wudang boxing(南派武当）Taichi in China Tai chi
12、 (known as taijiquan or tai chi chuan in China) means “slow motion shadow dancing“ or “supreme ultimate fist.“ Practiced for more than 2,500 years, it is a form of exercise and calisthenics(健美体操） that incorporates（体现） elements of the martial arts, dance and Eastern mysticism（东方神秘）. Taichi is an effo
13、rtless and rhythmic art that stresses slow breathing, balanced and relaxed postures and absolute calmness of mind. It requires no equipment and no special place to practice and is associated with northern China. In the early morning, many old Chinese can be seen in parks in the cities performing tai
14、 chi. Young women often do tai chi to keep slim and fit . Tai chi is also promoted as way to improve breathing,digestion and muscle tone. Some people do two hours of tai chi every day.,Overview about Martial Arts(Kong-fu),Main shchools of Martial Arts:Wudang boxing(南派武当）Taichi MovementsPractitioners
15、 of Taichi concentrate on maintaining perfect balance while flexing their muscles and shifting from one stylized position to another. The movements are fluid and circular and are often inspired by animals such as cranes, praying mantises and monkeys.There are two main tai chi forms: 1) the Yang styl
16、e, featuring extended, graceful movements. 2) the Chen style, featuring coiling, spiraling and sudden explosive stomps, kicks and punches and sometimes showcases the traditional tai chi weapons, the straight sword and saber.,Overview about Martial Arts(Kong-fu),Spirit of Martial Arts Chinese Wushu p
17、ays great attention to harmony from inside and outside and combining peoples actions with their environment中国武术讲究“内外合一，形神兼备”People usually use something natural as conduct object when they practice it 常把大自然的景物作为练武的参照对象The forms are often described as looking like a monkey, standing like a pine tree，
18、sitting like a clock, as light as a leaf,and as quick as wind 武术动作形容成“动如猿”、“站如松”、“坐如钟”、“轻如叶”、“疾如风”,Overview about Martial Arts(Kong-fu),Promotion of Martial ArtsTo develop martial spirit in the people so as to change the image of “sick man of Asia,” an appellation(称呼）( derived from late Qing militar
19、y failure. Both Shaolin martial arts and Taiji quan were promoted. Popular myths of Shaolin martial arts as a integral（完整的） part of the Chinese martial art tradition continued to exert influence, despite scholars efforts to demythologize（去除.神话色彩） them.,Bruce Lee (Lee Xiaolong),Family Life Born in Sa
20、nFrancisco in 1940 Grew up in Hongkong,where he made a total of 18 films Return to American at age 18,setting in Seattle Studied philosophy at the University of Washington Married Linda Emery in 1964,two children Died at age 32on July 20,1973 Founder of Jeet Kune Do,Bruce Lee (Lee Xiaolong),Bruce Le
21、e was a very violent man, but he was a hero in many Asians eyes. The Time Magazine named him “the hero and idol of the 20th century.” Why? A symbol of Perfection in martial arts, gongfu (kung-fu) Creativityhe synthesized various martial arts techniques to create his own unique style called Jeet-kune
22、 do (Jiequan dao, the way of the intercepting fist) Patriotism, dignity, and self-esteem Anti-racism Successful revenge,Bruce Lee (Lee Xiaolong),Famous Wushu Stars,Traditional Chinese Weapons,Traditional Chinese weapons refer to offensive weapons and protective equipment,used by the Chinese military
23、 and civilians from the late primitive society to the late Qing Dynasty.中国兵器是指从原始社会晚期到清朝晚期军队和民间所使用的进攻性兵器和防护装具的总称。,Traditional Chinese Weapons,Classification of Traditional Chinese WeaponsWith the constant changes and the development of the materials and processes，hundreds of kinds of ancient Chinese
24、 weapons have been inventedThey were divided into short weapons( 短兵器 ) long weapons( 长兵器 )hidden weapons( 暗器 ),Traditional Chinese Weapons,Short Weapons Generally speaking，the length of the short weapon was not taller than an ordinary persons eyebrow and was light enough to be used with one hand. Kn
25、ives and swords are the most common short weaponsThere are two kinds of swords in China known as the Wen Sword，which has a tassel at the handle，and the Wu Sword，the one without a tasselThe mace，hook,and ax belong to short weapons，too 短兵器的长度一般不超过常人的眉际，重量较轻，常指能单手使用的兵器。其中刀和剑是最常用的。中国的剑有文剑和武剑之分，在剑柄配有剑穗的剑
26、为“文剑”。没有剑穗的剑称为“武剑”。短兵器还包括锏、钩、斧等。,Traditional Chinese Weapons,Short Weapons,Wen Sword(文剑）,Wu Sword(武剑）,Traditional Chinese Weapons,long weapons The most common long weapons are spears，machetes and staffsThe spear is the king of themIn Chinese history,there were a lot of heroes who used spears，such as
27、 the famous generals Yue Fei and Yang Zaixing in the Song DynastyThe weapon used by the famous general Guan Yu in “Three Kingdoms”was known as the crescent moon shaped sword There are many types of sticks such as long sticks, Qimei sticks, three-section cudgel 长兵器中人们最常使用的是枪、大刀和棍。在中国众多兵器中，枪被称为“百器之王”。
28、中国历史上出现过很多使枪的英雄，如宋代名将岳飞、杨再兴等。中国名著三国演义中的名将关羽所使用的兵器就是大刀的一种偃月刀。棍的种类也比较多，通常有长棍、齐眉棍、三节棍等。,Traditional Chinese Weapons,long weapons,staffs （棍） machetes （刀） spears（枪）,Traditional Chinese Weapons,Hidden weaponsHidden weapons are easy to carry out an attack in secretThey are small，portable，quick and very pow
29、erful,when used at close rangeThey are divided into four types：hand-throwing,cable hitting,machine firing and spraying. 暗器是指便于在暗中进行袭击的兵器。暗器体积小，携带方便，且速度快，威力大，是中国武林人士近距离对打的常用兵器。暗器分为手掷、索击、机射、药喷四大种类。,Traditional Chinese Weapons,Hidden weapons Hand-throwing（手掷类暗器） Hand-throwing hidden weapons are most ex
30、tensively used , among which are javelins,darts，money darts,flying knives ,stones,needles , flying rings,etc 手掷类暗器是所有暗器中应用的最广泛的一种，有标枪、飞镖、金钱镖、飞刀、鹅卵石、梅花针、乾坤圈等,Traditional Chinese Weapons,Hidden weapons Cable Hitting Hidden Weapon The cable hitting hidden weapon which has a long rope and can be thrown
31、and taken back at willThe most common ones are meteor hammer，rope barbell,soft whip.索击类暗器是指本身带有长索，发出后又可立即收回的兵器。主要有流星锤；绳镖和软鞭等。,Traditional Chinese Weapons,Hidden weapons Machine Firing Hidden Weapon(机射暗器) The machine firing hidden weapon is the arrow in the sleevePeople tie the arrows tin to the arms
32、，covering it with their sleeves.when the spring button is pushed the arrow can be fired forward and some of them can fire continuously 机射暗器是以袖箭为主。使用之人将箭筒绑在小臂处，用衣袖遮盖住，筒上有弹簧机关，一按机关，袖箭即可向前射出，有的可连续发射。,Traditional Chinese Weapons,十八般武艺 most of the people who practice martial arts can use a variety of wea
33、pons.Somepeople who are adept in martial arts are often known as being adept in the 18 kinds of martial arts，which means that they have skills in wielding the 18 kinds of ancient ChineseweaponsHowever, different dynasties had different views about the 18 kinds of weapons，but they were the most commo
34、nly used weapons in actual combat at that time.Therefore，they generally refer to all ancient Chinese weapons.在中国，一般的习武之人都会使用多种兵器。因此人们经常把武艺高强的人称为精通十八门武艺。这里的十八门武艺是指会使用十八种兵器。但是十八种兵器究竟是指哪些兵器，各个朝代和派别都有各自不同的说法。但都是指在各时期实战中最常用的兵器，因此常用来代替中国兵器的统称。,Martial Arts & Traditional Chinese Weapons,Video http:/ Office,Make Presentation much more fun,WPS官方微博kingsoftwps,
