1、第 1 页 听力 失音 连读 表 失音与连 读 在语速较快的时候，为了方便应用产生了失音和连读现象。在四六级听力考试部分出现出现 的尤其频繁。这是四六级听力考试中难点所在。掌握好失音和连读是听懂和说一口地道美语 的前提。 学习方法：失音连读规则繁琐细致，逐条记忆会耗费大量时间。本书将各种情况归纳列表附 在本篇后，只需在浏览过规则以后将列表和例句通读几遍，便能自然掌握各种失音连读情况 和培养出较强的英语语感，从根本上提高语言使用能力。 失音： 失音，顾名思义就是某一个或者几个音脱落，把单词短语和句子快速连缀成串。 单词间的失音有四种类型。 类型一：前一词以“持续音/t/ /d/”结尾，后一词以辅
2、音开头，则其中/t/ /d/失音 其中包括：/st/+辅音 /ft/+辅音 /t/+辅音 /nd/+辅音 /ld/+辅音 /zd/+辅音 /d/+辅音 /vd/+辅音 /t/+辅音 /md/+辅音 /d/+辅音 /nt/+辅音 /lt/+辅音 例如： last class /l:s kl:s/ next day / neks dei/ bend back /ben bk/ settled there /setl / refused both /rifju:z b/ 类型二：前一词以 “破音/擦音+ /t/ /d/”结束，后一词以辅音开头，则其中/t/ /d/失音 其中包括： /pt/+辅音 /
3、kt/+辅音 （ 如完结于skt 则脱k 而不是t ） /tt/+辅音 /bd/+辅音/gd/+辅音 /dd/+辅音 /d/+辅音 例如： kept quiet /kep kwait/ swept valley /swep vli/ liked jam /laik dm/ parched throat /p:t rt/ fetched me /fet mi:/ rubbed gently /rbi dentli/ 注：后一词如始于h 则/t/ /d/很少脱落 例如：kept her waiting /kept h: weiti/ 类型三：动词否定结尾的缩写形式 nt 中的/t/失音 （无论后一
4、词以元音还是辅音开头） 例如：You mustnt /msn/ lose it Doesnt /dzn/ she know?He wouldnt /wudn/ o vereat. 类型四：前一词以/t/ 结束，后一词以/t/ 或 /d/ 开头，则前面的/t/往 往失音 。 例如 第 2 页 Ive got to go. /aiv g t g / hat do you want? /w d ju w nt/ 另外，不完全爆破虽然没有归纳到失音类型里来，但实质上也存在不发音现象。 如果前面单词结尾和后面单词开头是两个或者同一个破擦音( /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/ ) 则前一音保
5、留口型和发 音时间却并不发音。但是听者能感到这个音的存在。 例如： cut down / k daun/ stick to /sti tu:/ break down /bri daun/ let go /le g / 连读： 连贯讲话自然会出现连读现象， 在中文中也同样存在， 例如传统的北京方言。 连读主要出现在 意义联系较 紧的词， 如冠 词与名词， 数词和名词 ， 动词与副 词， 连接词 与代名词之 间。 语义自 然停顿的地 方不用连读 。 连读类型： 类型一：辅音与下一个单词的元音连缀，使全句连贯。 例如： in an hour / in n au / an nglish book /
6、n i gli buk/ an apple /n pl/ a lot of time / l t v taim/ 类型二：单词以元音结尾，则在元音后加上/r/音以便和下个单词起首元音连缀。 据伦敦出版的第十三版 Pronouncing Dictionary 记载 ， 元音间连读情况多出现在以/ / /i/ / / /:/ / :/ /:/结 尾的词后。 例如： more or less / m :r l s/ bear up /b r p/ the idea of it /aidir v it/ 类型三： 后单词以h 开始， 则前面单词结尾音直接与后面单词的元音连读, 此处h 很少发音。 例如
7、： give him /giv im/ let her /let :/ 失音列表： 类型一：前一词以“持续音/t/ /d/”结尾，后一词以辅音开头，则其中/t/ /d/失音 /st/+辅音 /ft/+ 辅音 / t/+ 辅音 /nd/+ 辅音 /ld/+辅音 /zd/+辅音 / d/+辅音 /vd/+辅音 / t/+ 辅音 /md/+ 辅音 / d/+ 辅音 /nt/+辅音 /lt/+辅音 /st/+ 辅音 /st/p/ dust pan /ds p n/ /st/t/ next to /neks tu:/ /st/k/ last class /l:s kl :s/ 第 3 页 /st/f/
8、best friend /bes frend/ /st/s/ fast society /f :s s sai ti/ /st/ / first theme /f s i:m/ /st/ / worst show /w s u/ /st/t / last chance / las t :s/ /st/b/ burst bubble /b s b bl/ /st/d/ next day / neks dei/ /st/g/ almost got / :lm s g t/ /st/v/ last version /l:s v : n/ /st/z/ best zone /bes zn/ /st/
9、/ noticed that /n tis t/ /st/h/ first hair /f :s hi / /st/d / wrist jewelry /ris d u: lri/ /st/l/ first light /f :s lait/ /st/m/ depressed mood /dipres mu:d/ /st/n/ suppressed newspaper /s pres nu:speip/ /st/w/ just one / d s w n/ /st/j/ last uropean empire /l :s ju r pi n empai/ /st/r/ west region
10、/wes ri: d n/ /ft/+辅音 /ft/p/ shift personality /if p :s n liti/ /ft/+/t/ left turn /lef t:n/ /ft/k/ shift key / if ki:/ /ft/f/ shift for oneself /i f : w nself/ /ft/+/s/ soft centre /f f fent / /ft/ / shift theme /if i:m/ /ft/ / gift share /gif / /ft/+/t/ drift channel /drif tnl/ /ft/+/b/ drift by /
11、drif bai/ /ft/d/ drift distance /drif distns/ /ft/g/ shift gears /if gi z/ /ft/v/ rift valley /rif v li/ /ft/z/ shift zeal /if zi:l/ /ft/ / shift the target /if t :git/ /ft/h/ shift hairstyle / if h stail/ /ft/d / shift joint /if d int/ /ft/+/l/ shift learning /if l :ni/ /ft/m/ shift matrix /if meit
12、riks/ /ft/n/ drift net /drif net/ /ft/+/w/ left wheel /lef wi:l/ /ft/+/j/ shift urope into several countries / if ju r p/ 第 4 页 /ft/+/r/ shift reaction /if ri: k n/ / t/+ 辅音 / t/+/p/ mashed potatoes /m p teituz/ / t/t/ finished todays work /fini t deis w :k/ / t/k/ finished class /fini kl :s/ / t/f/
13、 cherished friends /teri frendz/ / t/s/ pushed switch /pu swit / / t/+/ pushed them /pu em/ / t/ / finished shaping /fini eipi/ / t/+/t/ smashed church /sm t t / / t/b/ smashed bulk /sm b lk/ / t/d/ smashed defence /sm difens/ / t/g/ smashed gate /sm geit/ / t/v/ smashed vase /sm v :z/ / t/z/ smashe
14、d zeal /sm zi:l/ / t/ / push the boat out /pu b ut aut/ / t/h/ smashed hut /sm h t/ / t/d / smashed dream /sm dri:m/ / t/+/l/ finished late /fini leit/ / t/m/ dashed man /d m n/ / t/+/n/ finished now /fini n u/ / t/+/w/ dashed with /d wi / / t/+/j/ smashed urope /sm ju r p/ / t/+/r/ smashed resistan
15、ce /sm rizistns/ /nd/+辅音 /nd/ /p/ lend paper to /len peip tu:/ /nd/ /t/ yearned to /jn tu:/ /nd/ /k/ lend colour to /len k l / /nd/ /f/ found five /faun faiv/ /nd/ /s/ planned strategy /pl n str tidi/ /nd/ / / lend thermos /len :m s/ /nd/ / / a thousand ships / aus n ips/ /nd/ /t/ a thousand chairs
16、/ aus n t z/ /nd/ /b/ bend back /ben bk/ /nd/ /d/ a thousand dollars / aus n dl s/ /nd/ /g/ shined glass / ain gla:s/ /nd/ /v/ compound verb /kmpaun vb/ /nd/ /z/ a thousand zooms /aus n zu:mz/ /nd/ / / lend the name to sb /len i neim/ /nd/ /h/ a thousand hats / aus n hts/ /nd/ /d / a thousand judges
17、 / aus n dd iz/ 第 5 页 /nd/ /l/ lend-lease /len li:s/ /nd/ /m/ tinned meat /tin mi:t/ /nd/ /n/ lend now /len nau/ /nd/ /w/ lend oneself to /len w nself tu:/ /nd/ /j/ lend you /len ju:/ /nd/ /r/ a thousand riddles /aus n ridlz/ /ld/+ 辅音 /ld/p/ mild punishment /mail p ni m nt/ /ld/t/ yield to /ji:l tu:
18、/ /ld/k/ build castles /bil k :slz/ /ld/f/ build for /bil f :/ /ld/s/ field study /fi:l st di/ /ld/ / pulled through /pu:l ru:/ /ld/ / cold shower /k au / /ld/t/ spoiled child /sp il t aild/ /ld/b/ chilled beef /til bi:f/ /ld/d/ build down /bil daun/ /ld/g/ old girl /l g :l/ /ld/v/ old valley /l vli
19、/ /ld/z/ old zoo /l zu:/ /ld/ / settled there /setl / /ld/h/ old hand /l h nd/ /ld/d / build joint /bil dint/ /ld/l/ hold light /h lait/ /ld/m/ old man /l m n/ /ld/n/ old nun /l n n/ /ld/w/ sealed with /si:l wi/ /ld/j/ old yacht /l jt/ /ld/r/ world religion /w :l rilid n/ /zd/+辅音 /zd/p/ seized power
20、 /si:z pau / /zd/t/ seized time /si:z taim/ /zd/k/ refused consent /rifju:z k nsent/ /zd/f/ refused freight /rifju:z freit/ /zd/s/ seized someone by /si:z s mw n bai/ /zd/ / raised throat /reiz r t/ /zd/ / caused shutdown /k z tdaun/ /zd/t/ raised cheque /reiz t ek/ /zd/b/ refused both /rifju:z b /
21、/zd/d/ caused division /k z divin/ /zd/g/ seized goods /si:z gudz/ 第 6 页 /zd/ /v/ raised voice /reiz v is/ /zd/z/ caused zealot /k z zelt/ /zd/ / caused the result / k z riz lt/ /zd/h/ seized hold of /si:z h ld v/ /zd/d / raised gently /reiz gentli/ /zd/l/ caused loss /k :z ls/ /zd/m/ caused me much
22、 trouble /kz mi m t tr bl/ /zd/n/ raised noise level /reiz niz levl/ /zd/w/ refused wood /rifju:z wud/ /zd/j/ caused you /k zd ju:/ /zd/r/ caused result /k :z riz lt/ /vd/+辅音 /vd/ /p/ solved problem /s lv pr bl m/ /vd/ /t/ loved typing /l v taipi/ /vd/ /k/ loved kidding /l v kidi / /vd/ /f/ loved fl
23、ower /l v flau / /vd/ /s/ involved state /inv lv sdeit/ /vd/ / / loved threatening others /l v ret ni z/ /vd/ / / loved shaving /l v eivi/ /vd/ /t/ loved church going /l v t :t g i / /vd/ /h/ loved him /l v him/ /vd/ /b/ moved back /mu:v b k/ /vd/ /d/ loved dating /l v deiti/ /vd/ /g/ involved gover
24、nment /inv lv g v m nt/ /vd/ /v/ loved voting /l v v ti/ /vd/ /z/ loved zoo going /l v zu: gi / /vd/ / / loved the place /l v pleis/ /vd/ /h/ loved him /lv him/ /vd/ /d / involved judgment /invlv dd m ny/ /vd/ /l/ saved life /seiv laif/ /vd/ /m/ loved my parents /lv mai p r nts/ /vd/ /n/ moved nothi
25、ng /mu:v ni / /vd/ /w/ loved washing /l v wi / /vd/ /j/ loved yachting /l v j ti / /vd/ /r/ solved riddles /s lv ridlz/ /md/+ 辅音 /md/ /p/ assumed position /zu:m p zi n/ /md/ /t/ armed to the teeth /:m tu: ti:/ /md/ /k/ assumed condition / zu:m k ndin/ /md/ /f/ armed forces / :m f :siz/ /md/ /s/ assu
26、med settling day /zu:m seti dei/ 第 7 页 /md/ / / seemed thousands of them /si:m aus ndz v em/ /md/ / / seemed showy /si:m i/ /md/ /t/ seemed changed /si:m teind d/ /md/ /b/ seemed bad /si:m b d/ /md/ /d/ assumed data /zu:m deit/ /md/ /g/ seemed greedy /si:m gri:di/ /md/ /v/ assumed value / zu:m v lju
27、:/ /md/ /z/ seemed zealous /si:m sels/ /md/ / / deemed the results unsatisfactory /di:m riz lts/ /md/ /h/ deem highly of /di:m haili v/ /md/ /d / seemed joyful /si:m d iful/ /md/ /l/ seemed like /si:m laik/ /md/ /m/ assumed median /zu:m mi:djn/ /md/ /n/ assumed nothing /zu:m n i / /md/ /w/ charmed w
28、ith /t a:m wi / /md/ /j/ doomed year /dum ji/ /md/ /r/ assumed result /zu:m rizlt/ / d/+ 辅音 / d/ /p/ belonged partly to /bil p :tli tu/ / d/ /t/ belonged to /bil tu/ / d/ /k/ belonged comfortably to /bil k mf t bli tu/ / d/ /f/ longed for /l f :/ / d/ /s/ ringed seal /ri si:l/ / d/ / / banged throug
29、h /b ru:/ / d/ / / banged shut /b t/ / d/ /t / banged church gate/b t :t geit/ / d/ /b/ ringed barrel /ri b r l/ / d/ /d/ kinged domain /ki d mein/ / d/ /g/ dinged gossip /di g sip/ / d/ /v/ kinged valley /ki v li/ / d/ /z/ ringed zone /ri z n/ / d/ / / dinged that into my mind /di t intu mai maind/
30、 / d/ /h/ wronged her /r h :/ / d/ /d / kinged Georgia /ki d :d j / / d/ /l/ dinged loudly /di laudli/ / d/ /m/ wronged me /r mi:/ / d/ /n/ dinged nothing /di n i / / d/ /w/ his wronged wife /his r waif/ / d/ /j/ kinged urope /ki ju r p/ / d/ /r/ kinged region /ki ri:d n/ 第 8 页 /nt/+ 辅音 /nt/p/ dorma
31、nt partner /d :m n p :ntn / /nt/t/ Lent term /len t:m/ /nt/k/ dormant capital /d :m n k pitl/ /nt/f/ lament for /lmen f :/ /nt/s/ dormant seed /d :m n si:d/ /nt/ / lent three books to /len ri: buks tu/ /nt/ / lent ships to /len ips/ /nt/t / the dress lent charm to that girl /len t:m tu/ /nt/h/ lent
32、her /len h :/ /nt/b/ dormant bud /d :m n bud/ /nt/d/ lent dogs to/len dgz/ /nt/g/ lent grills to /len grilz/ /nt/v/ dormant volcano /d :m n vlkein / /nt/z/ lent zooms to /len zu:m/ /nt/ / lamented the death /lmen de / /nt/h/ lamented his acts /lmen his kts/ /nt/d / lent George a book /len d :d buk/
33、/nt/l/ absent landlord /bs n l ndl :d/ /nt/m/ absent minded /bs n maindid/ /nt/ /n/ lent nothing /len n i / /nt/w/ absent without leave /bs n wi aut li:v/ /nt/j/ lent you /len ju:/ /nt/r/ lent ose a pen /len r z pen/ /lt/+辅音 /lt/p/ bolt press /b l pres/ /lt/t/ an insult to /n ins l tu:/ /lt/k/ assau
34、lt craft /s :l kr :ft/ /lt/f/ a cult figure / k l fig / /lt/s/ bolt spring /b l spri / /lt/ / insult three people /ins l ri: pi l/ /lt/ / bolt shoulder /b l ld / /lt/t/ bolt chisel /b l t izl/ /lt/b/ assault boat /s :l bt/ /lt/d/ insult directly /ins l direktli/ /lt/g/ assault gun /s :l g n/ /lt/v/
35、insult ivian /ins lt vivin/ /lt/z/ cult zeal /k l zi:l/ /lt/ / insult the intelligence of audience /ins l i intelidns/ /lt/h/ insult her /ins l h:/ /lt/d / insult George /ins l d:d / /lt/l/ cult leader / k l li:d / 第 9 页 /lt/m/ insult more /ins l m :/ /lt/n/ insult nurse /ins l n :s/ /lt/w/ bolt wir
36、e /b l wai / /lt/j/ insult Yankee /ins l j ki/ /lt/r/ bolt retaining catch /b l riteini c t / 类型二：前一词以 “破音/擦音+ /t/ /d/”结束，后一词以辅音开头，则其中/t/ /d/失音 /pt/+辅音 /kt/+ 辅音 （如完结于 skt 则脱 k 而不是 t ） /tt/+ 辅音 /bd/+ 辅音 /gd/+ 辅音 /d d/+辅音 / d/+ 辅音 /pt/+ 辅音 /pt/p/ prompt payment /pr mp peim nt/ /pt/t/ abrupt turn /abr
37、p t :n/ /pt/k/ kept quiet /kep kwait/ /pt/f/ prompt for summary info /pr mp f : s m ri inf :/ /pt/s/ abrupt stop / abr p st p/ /pt/ / kept thinking /kep i ki / /pt/ / prompt shipment /pr mp ipm nt/ /pt/t/ abrupt change /abr p t eind i/ /pt/b/ prompt book /pr mp buk/ /pt/d/ abrupt distribution /abr p
38、 distribju:n/ /pt/g/ prompt goods /pr mp gudz/ /pt/v/ swept valley /swep v li/ /pt/z/ kept zealous /kep zels/ /pt/ / kept there /kep / /pt/h/ kept her waiting /kep h : weiti / /pt/d / abrupt junction /abr p d k n/ /pt/l/ kept lots of evidence /kep l ts v evid ns/ /pt/m/ abrupt maneuver /abr p m nu:v
39、/ /pt/n/ prompt note /pr mp n t/ /pt/w/ jumped well /dmp wel/ /pt/j/ kept yelling /kep jeli/ /pt/r/ prompt renewal /pr mp rinju: l/ /kt/+ 辅音 如完结于 skt 则脱 k 而不 是 t 例如：risked prison /rist prizn/ asked him /:st him/ /kt/p/ checked pattern /t ek p t n/ /kt/t/ an extinct title /n iksti kt taitl/ /kt/k/ la
40、cked clothes /l k kl z/ /kt/f/ soaked from /s k fr m/ /kt/s/ checked surface /t ek s :fis/ /kt/ / kept thinking /kep i ki / /kt/ / kept sharing /kep i / 第 10 页 /kt/t/ kept cherrys /kep teriz/ /kt/b/ rosy-cheeked boys /r zi ti:k bis/ /kt/d/ choked down /t k daun/ /kt/g/ asked girls /ask g :lz/ /kt/v/
41、 extinct volcano /iksti k vlkein / /kt/z/ asked zoologist /ask zu l gist/ /kt/ / asked them /ask em/ /kt/h/ choked her / tk h :/ /kt/d / liked jam /laik d m/ /kt/l/ talked long /t:k l/ /kt/m/ talked more / t :k m :/ /kt/n/ looked nice /luk nais/ /kt/w/ picked one /pik w n/ /kt/j/ asked you /a:sk ju:
42、/ /kt/r/ kept riding /kep raidi/ /tt/+ 辅音 /t t/p/ reached Paris /ri:t p ris/ /t t/t/ fetched time /fet taim/ /t t/k/ punched card /p t k :d/ /t t/f/ reached for /ri:t f :/ /t t/ /s/ fetch some water /fet sm w :t/ /t t/ / parched throat /p :t r t/ /t t/ / reached shore /ri:t :/ /t t/t / punched chair /p t t / /t t/b/ reached back /ri:t b k/ /t t/d/ punched desk /p nt desk/ /t t/g/ pinched bar /pint b :/ /t t/v/ pinched vision /pint vi n/ /t t/z/ reached zone /ri:t z un/ /t t/ / fetched the farm
