m n :=0 =0:A+B=B+A:A+(B+C)=(A+B)+CA A+0=0+A=AA -A A+(-A)=0k l A B1A=A,0A=0k(lA)=(kl)Ak(A+B)=kA+kB(k+l)A=kA+lAnA(BC)=(AB)C(A+B)C=AC+BCC(A+B)=CA+CBk (kA)B=A(kB)0A BA B E (E+A)(E+A)=E*exp(2)+2A+A*exp(2)A k *A l=0AXA=0: |A|X|A|=0|A|=0|A|=0ad-bc=0: a/b=c/dkE n EAA k Ak= X n-1A=1XAA nn BAB=BA=EAB A0A*XA=|A|XEA B A+Bn AAAX=BXA=BXAA,B-L D .mmap - 2009-11-7 -
