1、17 4-2-1-1 冒號題 最簡單的形式是單格 填空 或句子等價： 1. For some time now, _ has been presumed not to exist: the cynical conviction that everybody hasan angle is considered wisdom.(A) rationality(B) flexibility(C) diffidence(D) disinterestedness(E) insincerity出處： OG, p. 96, #1, Hard. 18 翻譯： 一段時間以來， _ 被認為不存在： 認為 人 各有
2、觀點 的憤世嫉俗想法 受到普遍認同。 (A) 理性 (B) 彈性 (C) 缺乏自信 (D) 公正 (E) 不誠懇 答 案： (D) 選項單字： 先還原成熟悉的形容詞形式： (A) rational (B) flexible (C) diffident (confident 的反義字， 注意 字形上 不是 different) (D) disinterested (E) insincere 官方解說： The colon indicates that the second part of the sentence will explain the first part. The missing
3、word will describe the opposite of the cynical conviction that “everybody has an angle,” that is, that each person is concerned primarily with his or her own interests. Since “disinterestedness” means lack of self-interest, Choice D is correct. None of the other answer choices means something that i
4、s contrasted with or opposed to being primarily concerned with ones own interests. Thus the correct answer is disinterestedness (Choice D). 2. In the 1950s, the countrys inhabitants were _: most of them knew very little about foreigncountries.(A) partisan(B) erudite(C) insular(D) cosmopolitan(E) imp
5、erturbable出處： PPII, Practice Test 1, V2, Easy, #1 19 翻譯： 在 1950 年代，這個國家的居民是 _：多數人對 外 國的瞭解很少。 (A) 黨派 的 (B) 博學 的 (C) 見識狹隘 的 (D) 全球性的 (E) 不受干擾 的 答案： (C) 3. The author presents the life of Zane Grey with _ unusual in a biographer: he is not evenconvinced that Grey was a good writer.(A) a zeal(B) a deftn
6、ess(C) a detachment(D) an eloquence(E) an imaginativeness出處： PPII, Practice Test 2, V2, Easy, #2 翻譯： 這位作家以在傳記作家中不常見的 _ 呈現 Zane Grey 的一生：他甚至不 相信 Grey 是個 好 作家。 (A) 熱情 (B) 靈巧 (C) 客觀 公正 (D) 善於說話 (E) 想像 答案： (C) 20 4. Economic competition among nations may lead to new forms of economic protectionism that
7、hearkenback to the mercantilism of an earlier age: there are signs today that such protectionism is indeed_.(A) evanescent(B) resurgent(C) recrudescent(D) transitory(E) controversial(F) inimical出處： PPII, Practice Test 1, V2, Hard, #15 翻譯： 在不同國家中的經濟競爭也許能領導新的保護主義經濟型態回歸到早期的商業本位主義：現今有許多的微兆像是保護主義確實是 _。 (
8、A) 逐漸消失的 (B) 復甦的 (C) 再次發生的 (D) 短暫的 (E) 具爭議性的 (F) 有害的 答案： (B) (C) 5. Female video artists rise to prominence over the past 30 years has _ the ascent of video as an artform: it is only within the past three decades that video art has attained its current, respected status.(A) matched(B) politicized(C)
9、 paralleled(D) obviated(E) accelerated(F) forestalled出處： PPII, Practice Test 2, V1, Medium, #14 21 翻譯： 視頻女藝術家在過去三十年嶄露頭角已經 _ 一種藝術形式的視頻提升：它表示是僅在過去的三十年內，視頻藝術已經達到了目前受人尊敬的地位。 (A) 相稱 (B) 政治化 (C) 相當 (D) 排除 (E) 加速 (F) 阻礙 答案： (A) (C) 6. Alkan steadfastly refused to _ her responsibilities as an author: for he
10、r an author had to befearless and committed, and she was always both.(A) undertake(B) shirk(C) disclose(D) reveal(E) rationalize(F) neglect出處： PPII, Practice Test 2, V2, Easy, #12 翻譯： Alkan 堅決拒絕 _ 她作為一個作家的責任：對她而言一個作家是無畏和堅定的，而她始終都是。 (A) 承擔 (B) 規避 (C) 揭露 (D) 排除 (E) 合理化 (F) 忽略 答案： (B) (F) 22 7. Each me
11、mber of the journalistic pair served as _ the other: each refrained from publishing a givenpiece if the other doubted that it was ready to be printed.(A) a check on(B) an advocate for(C) an impediment to(D) a brake on(E) an apologist for(F) an intermediary for出處： PPII, Practice Test 2, V2, Medium, #
12、15 翻譯： 新聞拍檔中的每個人都能 _ 另一半：若是懷疑某篇文章的水平就限制對方出版。 (A) 停止 (B) 呼籲 (C) 阻礙 (D) 停止 (E) 辯解 (F) 調解 請注意選項雖為名詞，但中文卻是動詞概念。 答案： (A) (D) 題幹單字： refrain (v) 限制作某事 (核心概念是 “停止 ”) (AL) to stop yourself from doing something that you want to do 例 I was going to make a joke but I refrained. 我本想開玩笑的，但沒有。 例 Please refrain fro
13、m smoking. 請不要抽菸。 選項單字： check (n) 停止 (AL) something that stops or limits another thing 例 a system that acts/serves as a check on the governors power (= a system that limits the governors power) 例 The store hired a guard to put a check on shoplifting (= to reduce or stop shoplifting). 例 The governmen
14、t has lowered interest rates in an attempt to put a check on inflation. 政治學上 checks and balances 翻作 “制衡 ”，立法、行政、司法三權制衡。這個字 有很 多意思，這裡不是 “支票、檢查 ” 的常用意思， GRE 特別喜歡考這種熟詞偏義，請小心。 23 8. That the books argument was _ became clear as soon as reviews appeared: there were holes, andreviewers delighted in pointi
15、ng them out.(A) wanting(B) convoluted(C) unintelligible(D) penetrating(E) flawed(F) complex出處： PPII, Practice Test 2, V2, Hard, #12 翻譯： 這本書的論點是 _，這件事就變為明顯的：有許多的缺陷，且評論者們高興樂意於指出它們。 (A) 短缺的 (B) 費解的 (C) 難懂的 (D) 敏銳的 (E) 有缺陷的 (F) 複雜的 答案： (A) (E) 9. The point we might still take from the First World War is
16、 the old one that wars are always, as onehistorian aptly put it, _: they produce unforeseeable results.(A) unsurprising(B) astounding(C) conventional(D) ruinous(E) stunning(F) devastating出處： OG, p. 521, #17 24 翻譯： 我們從第一次世界大戰仍能得到的看法，如同其他戰爭所帶來的舊觀點，正如一位歷史學家所言， _：它們帶來了 不可預期的 後 果。 (A) 不令人驚訝的 (B) 令人驚訝的 (C
17、) 傳統的 (D) 毀滅性的 (E) 令人驚訝的 (F) 毀滅性的 答案： (B) (E) 官方解說： The colon after the blank indicates a definitional relationship between the blanked word and the phrase that follows the colon. The two answer choices for which “they produce unforeseeable results” would most clearly serve as a definition are “asto
18、unding” and “stunning.” While “ruinous” and “devastating” might be adjectives describing the effects of war, they clearly do not fit the logical structure of this sentence, since they are not by definition “unforeseeable.” Thus, the correct answer is astounding (Choice B) and stunning (Choice E). 10
19、. Political advertising may well be the most (i) _ kind of advertising: political candidates areactually quite (ii) _, yet their campaign advertisement often hide important differences behindsmoke screens of smiles and empty slogans.Blank (i) Blank (ii) (A) polemical (D) interchangeable (B) effectiv
20、e (E) dissimilar (C) deceptive (F) vocal 出處： OG, p. 87, #3, Medium. 25 翻譯： 政治廣告也許 是最 (i) _ 的一種：候選人事實上 蠻 (ii) _，但競選廣告通常把他們的重要差異隱藏在笑容及空泛口號的煙幕背 後。 第一 空格 第二 空格 (A) 爭論的 (D) 可 互 換的 (B) 有效的 (E) 不 同的 (C) 欺騙 的 (F) 直言不諱的 答案： (C) (E) 官方解說： Looking at Blank (i), it is hard to select a correct answer, since all
21、three answer choices fit the immediate context well. Looking to the second part of the sentence, however, we can see such expressions as “hide” and “smoke screens,” both of which suggest that the correct answer for Blank (i) is “deceptive.” Making that assumption, we can go on to see that the answer
22、 for Blank (ii) is “dissimilar,” since what is deceptive about political advertisements is that they hide important differences. Reading the sentence again with “deceptive” and “dissimilar” in place confirms those choices. Thus the correct answer is deceptive (Choice C) and dissimilar (Choice E). 11
23、. The (i) _ nature of classical tragedy in Athens belies the modern image of tragedy: in the modernview tragedy is austere and stripped down, its representations of ideological and emotional conflicts sosuperbly compressed that theres nothing (ii) _ for time to erode.Blank (i) Blank (ii) (A) unadorn
24、ed (D) inalienable (B) harmonious (E) exigent (C) multifaceted (F) extraneous 出處： PPII, Practice Test 1, V2, Easy, #3 26 翻譯： 在雅典的古典悲劇其 (i) _ 本質與悲劇的現代形象截然不同：現代觀點的悲劇是不加修飾和精簡的，其思想與情感衝突的呈現方式是如此地壓縮，以致於沒有什麼 (ii) _ 可被時間削弱。 第一空格 第二空格 (A) 不加裝飾的 (D) 不可剝奪的 (B) 和諧的 (E) 緊急的 (C) 多方面的 (F) 額外的 答案： (C) (F) 12. The u
25、nironic representation of objects from everyday life is (i) _ serious American art of thetwentieth century: “high” artists ceded the straightforward depiction of the (ii) _ to illustrators,advertisers, and packaging designers.Blank (i) Blank (ii) (A) missing from (D) beautiful (B) valued in (E) comm
26、onplace (C) crucial to (F) complex 出處： PPII, Practice Test 2, V1, Medium, #3 翻譯： 對日用品的非諷刺 呈現在二十世紀嚴肅的美國藝術界中是 (i) _： “高 尚的 ” 藝術家 們把 對 (ii) _ 的直接描述 讓給 了 插畫家、廣告商與包裝設計者。 第一空格 第二空格 (A) 消失 的 (D) 美 麗的 (B) 有 價值 的 (E) 平凡 的 (C) 重要 的 (F) 複雜的 答案： (A) (E) 27 13. The current (i) _ of format in electronic scholarly
27、 publication will not last beyond the point whenamateur burnout occurs and amateurs are replaced by traditional publishing companies: in an effort toreduce costs through economies of scale, publishing firms tend toward (ii) _ in the format of theirelectronic publication projects.Blank (i) Blank (ii)
28、 (A) diversity (D) homogeneity (B) monotony (E) sophistication (C) refinement (F) extremes 出處： PPII, Practice Test 2, V2, Easy, #3 翻譯： 目前數位學術出版品的 (i) _ 形 式 在業餘人士身心俱疲後無法延續下去，他們會 被傳統出版社 給 取代 ： 為了以經濟規模降低成本，出版公司傾向在數位出版計畫中採取 (ii) _ 的形 式。 第一空格 第二空格 (A) 多樣性 (D) 相 同 (B) 單調 (E) 複雜 (C) 精緻 (F) 極端 答案： (A) (D) 1
29、4. It is refreshing to read a book about our planet by an author who does not allow facts to be (i) _by politics: well aware of the political disputes about the effects of human activities on climate andbiodiversity, this author does not permit them to (ii) _ his comprehensive description of what we
30、know about our biosphere. He emphasizes the enormous gaps in our knowledge, the sparseness of ourobservations, and the (iii) _, calling attention to the many aspects of planetary evolution that mustbe better understood before we can accurately diagnose the condition of our planet.Blank (i) Blank (ii
31、) Blank (iii) (A) overshadowed (D) enhance (G) plausibility of our hypotheses (B) invalidated (E) obscure (H) certainty of our entitlement (C) illuminated (F) underscore (I) superficiality of our theories 出處： OG, p. 49, #1 (PPII, Test Preview, #4) 28 翻譯： 閱讀一本作者是不允許事實被政治 (i) _ 關於我們星球的書是令人耳目一新的 : 相當明白
32、關於人類在氣候和生物多樣性的活動中影響的政治爭論，這個作者並不允許他們去 (ii) _ 他全面描述我們所知道的生物圈。他強調我們知識裡這些眾多的隔閡，我們的少量觀察，和 (iii) _，喚起很多關於行星發展面的注意，在我們能正確地剖析我們的星球狀況前必需要有更進一步的了解。 第一 空格 第二空格 第三 空格 (A) 遮蔽的 (D) 促進 (G) 我們貌似真實的假設 (B) 無效的 (E) 混淆 (H) 我們確立該有的權利 (C) 照亮的 (F) 加強 (I) 我們淺薄的理論 答案： (A) (E) (I) 官方解說： The overall tone of the passage is cle
33、arly complimentary. To understand what the author of the book is being complimented on, it is useful to focus on the second blank. Here, we must determine what word would indicate something that the author is praised for not permitting. The only answer choice that fits the case is “obscure,” since e
34、nhancing and underscoring are generally good things to do, not things one should refrain from doing. Choosing “obscure” clarifies the choice for the first blank; the only choice that fits well with “obscure” is “overshadowed.” Notice that trying to fill blank (i) without filling blank (ii) first is
35、very hardeach choice has at least some initial plausibility. Since the third blank requires a phrase that matches “enormous gaps” and “sparseness of our observations,” the best choice is “superficiality of our theories.” Thus the correct answer is overshadowed (Choice A), obscure (Choice E), and sup
36、erficiality of our theories (Choice I). 29 4-2-1-2 冒號搭配 the more, the more (越 越 ) 冒號後表解釋，搭配 the more _, the more _ 句構有兩種考法。第一種 兩個 the more 後皆有空格，分別對應到不同的關鍵字，如下面兩題： 15. Vain and prone to violence, Caravaggio could not handle success: the more his (i) _ as an artistincreased, the more (ii) _ his life
37、became.Blank (i) Blank (ii) (A) temperance (D) tumultuous (B) notoriety (E) providential (C) eminence (F) dispassionate 出處： OG, p. 50, #2 (PPII, Test Preview, #5) 翻譯： Caravaggio 自負又有暴力傾向，他無法承受成功：作為藝術家的 (i) _ 越增加，他的人生就越 (ii) _。 第一空格 第二空格 (A) 節制 (D) 混亂 的 (B) 壞名聲 (E) 幸運的 (C) 好名聲 (F) 不感情用事的 答案： (C) (D)
38、解法： 中文翻譯： C.（填空題遇到專有名詞我們皆用縮寫來簡化，此處 C. = Caravaggio）是虛榮和有暴力傾向的，他無法處理自己的成功：他作為藝術家的名聲越增加，他的人生越混亂。此句中文很明顯是不通順的，什麼叫無法處理成功，為什麼藝術家越有名會越暴力（邏輯關聯何在？），但這都不是考試重點，花時間在想通順的中文和題幹內部的邏輯關聯無異於浪費時間徒增煩惱，我們在有限的時間內解題要做的事不外乎抓到關鍵字，然後做邏輯判斷而已，沒做到這點，什麼通順的中文和深刻的思考都是浮雲。以此題為例，第一格答案選 eminence是和前面的 success 相呼應，而第二格答案選 tumultuous則是和
39、前面的prone to violence 相呼應。填空解題要能做到攻其一點，不及其餘，那一點就是關鍵字和邏輯判斷，其餘是通順的翻譯和題幹的內部邏輯結構。 30 官方解說： In this sentence, what follows the colon must explain or spell out what precedes it. So roughly what the second part must say is that as Caravaggio became more successful, his life got more out of control. When one
40、 looks for words to fill the blanks, it becomes clear that “tumultuous” is the best fit for blank (ii), since neither of the other choices suggests being out of control. And for blank (i), the best choice is “eminence,” since to increase in eminence is a consequence of becoming more successful. It i
41、s true that Cara vaggio might also increase in notoriety, but an increase in notoriety as an artist is not as clear a sign of success as an increase in eminence. Thus the correct answer is eminence (Choice C) and tumultuous (Choice D). 16. A newly published, laudatory biography of George Bernard Sha
42、w fails, like others before it, to capturethe essence of his personality: the more he is (i) _, the more his true self seems to (ii) _.Blank (i) Blank (ii) (A) discussed (D) disappear (B) disparaged (E) emerge (C) disregarded (F) coalesce 出處： PBT, p. 52, #5 翻譯： 這本新出版的、頌揚的 George Bernard Shaw 傳記，就如其他
43、之前的作品，未能捕捉他的人格特質：他越被 (i) _，他真實的自我越 (ii) _。 第一空格 第二空格 (A) 討論 (D) 消失 (B) 貶低 (E) 浮現 (C) 忽視 (F) 聯合 答案： (A) (D) 31 第二種形式是 僅一 the more 後有空格， 空格通常在第二個 more 之後 ，這種形 式 較簡單，如下面兩題： 17. A misconception frequently held by novice writers is that sentence structure mirrors thought: the more convoluted the structur
44、e, the more _ the ideas. (A) complicated (B) engaged (C) essential (D) fanciful (E) inconsequential (F) involved 出處： OG, p. 89, #8, Medium. 翻 譯： 菜鳥作家常有的錯誤觀念是句型結構反映思想：句型結構越複雜，作者思想越 _。 (A) 複雜的 (B) 專注的 (C) 本質的 (D) 想像的 (E) 不重要的 (F) 複雜的 答案： (A) (F) 官方解說： Because the second half of the sentence illustrate
45、s the idea that “structure mirrors thought,” any word that fills the blank must be similar in meaning to “convoluted.” The two words that are similar to “convoluted” are “complicated” and “involved” (Choices A and F), which produce sentences alike in meaning. “Fanciful,” while somewhat similar in me
46、aning to “convoluted,” is not as similar to either “complicated” or “involved” as those words are to each other. The other answer choices are not similar in meaning to “convoluted,” and thus do not produce coherent sentences. Thus the correct answer is complicated (Choice A) and involved (Choice F).
47、 32 18. Historical research makes two somewhat antithetical truths that sounded (i) _ come to seem profound: knowledge of the past comes entirely from written documents, giving written words great (ii) _, and the more material you uncover, the more (iii) _ your subject becomes. Blank (i) Blank (ii)
48、Blank (iii) (A) deep (D) consequence (G) elusive (B) portentous (E) antiquity (H) contemporary (C) banal (F) simultaneity (I) circumstantial 出處： PPII, Practice Test 2, V2, Medium, #6 翻譯： 歷史研究使兩件聽起來 (i) _ 的對立事實變為深奧：過去的知識完全由書面文件而來，所以文字變得非常 (ii) _，挖掘出越多資料，研究主題就越 (iii) _。 第一空格 第二空格 第三空格 (A) 深的 (D) 重要 (G) 難以理解的 (B) 壞預兆的 (E) 古老 (H) 當代的 (C) 陳腐的 (F) 同時發生 (I) 詳細的 答案： (C) (D) (G) 33 4-2-2 負負得正 的句構 19. Only by ignoring decades of mismanagement and inefficiency could investors conclude that a fresh infusion of cash would provide anything oth
