1、简单句的五种基本类型,Review: It 作为形式主语 It is obvious that he was wrong. It is no use crying over spilt milk. 2. It 作为形式宾语 I find it impossible to believe her any longer. They believed it strange that he should have done that.,系动词（必背）,be (am is are was were) / seem / keep /remain 是/好象/保持look / feel / taste / s
2、mell / sound / 看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去) 感官动词 become / turn / get / grow / 变得,remain 1、作不及物动词 表示“剩下”、“仍有”,只能用于主动语态,不可直接接宾语. This visit will always remain in my memory.这次拜访将永远留在我的记忆当中. 2. 表示“留下”、“逗留” They went, but I remained.他们走了,但我留下来了. 表示“尚待”、“留待” This problem remains to be solved.这个问题尚待解决.,2、作系动词 表示“一直保持”
3、（处于某种状态）”后接名词 In spite of their quarrel, they remained the best friends. We must always remain modest and calm. She remained standing though we asked her to sit down. 虽然我们请她坐下,但她还是站着. 后面接seat时,seat要变成seated,看成形容词形式,意思“就座的”.也就是remain+形容词的句式 Please remain seated until the plane has come to a complete
4、stop. 在飞机完全停稳前,请不要离开您的座位.,简单句的五种句型,1）SV 主语谓语,eg. The telephone rang.His father might have died.,2) SVP 主语谓语表语,eg. The plan sounds perfect.Frank is an artist.,3) SVO 主语谓语宾语,eg. I saw a bird.My sister enjoyed the play.,简单句的五种句型,4）SVOiOd 主语谓语+间接宾语直接宾语,eg. The lady gave Jack a watch.My father bought me
5、a bicycle.,5) SVOC 主语谓语宾语补语,eg. They called him a fool.She found the children fast asleep.,*在阅读句子的时候，第一个任务就是要找到 谓语! *做谓语的动词有时态、语态和数的变化；还 有及物动词与不及物动词的区别。,学习目标,1. 了解及物动词和不及物动词 2. 学习主谓宾宾 和 主谓宾宾补 3. 定语和状语,1. 及物：涉及物品，能够直接加宾语 2. 不及物： 不能直接涉及物， 不能直接加宾语，加介词后 加宾语。 3.有些动词既是及物，也是不及物。,及物动词和不及物动词,及物动词是后面可以直接跟宾语的动
6、词: see / hear / drank / eat / I saw him last week. We heard the bad news yesterday. They eat bread every day. He drank a glass of milk just now.,不及物动词是后面不可以直接跟宾语的动词: laugh / smile / look / listen / She smiled happily. They laughed loudly. （可单独表达清楚意思） 如果要加宾语,就要靠一个介词来帮助: She look at the blackboard car
7、efully. He listened to his teacher in class. They laughed at us after the match.,4主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 此句型的句子特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。,1）He has fetched us some new textbooks.主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语 2）Grandma cooked us a nice meal.主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语3）The man told the girl that he wants to test her the subject.
8、4）The boy asked me if I could speak Chinese.,基本句型4 + +IO +（主谓间宾直宾） She lent me a book. -She lent a book to me.He bought me a new bike. -He bought a new bike for me.,顺便问一下，她把钱付给你了吗？_. 下学期谁教你们生物？_. Mr. White告诉我为什么他要出国。_.,By the way, has she paid you money?,Who will teach you biology next term?,Mr. Whi
9、te told me why he went abroad.,基本句型5 + + +（主谓宾宾补）特点：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。,5主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语,1）The villagers didnt allow them to do this.主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语2）I will keep the box in the shade. 3）We found him a very good pupil. 4）She let me stay in the company.,Exercise,他
10、总是把他的卧室收拾得干干净净 keep sth adj _. 我建议他多读点书。 Suggest sb doing sth _他修了机器。 Have sth done _ 我们可以听到她在房间里唱歌。 Hear sb doing. _ 学生发现他是个严格但很好的老师。,He always keeps his room clean,I suggest him reading more books.,He had his machine repaired.,We can hear her singing in the room.,The students found him a strict bu
11、t nice teacher.,The students found that he is a strict but nice teacher.,用 it 做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，以使句子结构平衡，是英语常用的句型结构方式。即：主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正宾语。如： I found it very pleasant to be with your family.,七）宾语补足语。英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之外，还要加上宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。,They elected me captain of the team. We try to make our c
12、ountry strong. We found everything in good order there. I should advise you to get the chance. I saw him going upstairs. They found the house broken in.,名词,形容词,介词短语,to do 不定式,现在分词 doing,done 过去分词,宾语和宾语补足语一起构成动词的复合结构,主谓间宾直宾 & 主谓宾宾补 的比较,宾语和宾补有逻辑上的主谓关系；双宾语没有。He made the boy laugh.He gave me a book.He c
13、alls me Tom.She bought me a pen.We sent them a telegram.,宾语和宾补,双宾语,宾语和宾补,双宾语,双宾语,定语,用来修饰名词或代词。定语起类似于形容词的修饰作用，The black bike is mine.What is your name?They made paper flowers.The boys in the room are in Class Three, Grade Two.I have something to do.,（五）定语 是修饰_词.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的名词之_；短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰的名词
14、之_。,They are woman workers. Toms father didnt write home until yesterday. Mary is a beautiful girl The play has three acts. This is her first trip to Europe. China is a developing country. I have nothing to eat. Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here.,名,前,后,名词,名词所有格,形容词 adj,数词,形容
15、词 /序数词 /介词短语,现在分词 doing,to do 不定式,从句,状语,1. 修饰动词，形容词或副词, 状语类似于副词 。 2. 一般表示行为发生的时间，地点，目的，方式，程度等意义。 3. 一般放句末，有的也可放在句首，句中。He did it carefully.Without his help, we couldnt work it out.In order to catch up with my classmates, I must study hard.,六）状语 状语表示地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、伴随情况等。,The best fish swim near
16、the bottom. I left the village five years ago. I arrived late because of the traffic jam .Well send a car to fetch you. The fish can eat a person in two minutes , leaving only bonesThe students came into the classroom, singing and dancing.If he goes, so will I . Though he is a child, he knows a lot.
17、,地点状语,时间状语,原因状语,目的状语,结果状语,伴随状语,条件状语,让步状语,典型例题分析,1.They work hard.主 + 谓 (状） 2.The flower is dead.主 + 系 + 表 3.Plants need water.主 + 谓 + 宾 4.He gives me some seeds.主 + 谓 + 间宾+ 直宾 5.We should keep the plants in the shade.主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补 6.Many animals live in trees.主 + 谓 （状）,7. We must keep our classroom
18、 clean.主+ 谓+ 宾+ 宾补 8. After work he always feels a little tired.（状） 主+ （状） 系+ （定） 表 9. They laughed at us after the match. 主+ 谓 宾 （状） 10. She told me a story.主 谓间宾直宾,实际应用I,I. Choose the best answers：,_ some of this juiceperhaps youll like it.A. Trying B. Try C. To try D. Having tried,实际应用 I,2. He se
19、nt me an e-mail, _ to get further information. A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope,实际应用I,3. _ late in the morning, Bob turned off thealarm. A. Sleep B. Sleeping C. To sleep D. Having slept,实际应用I,4. _ at the door before entering, please.A. Knocked B. To knock C. Knocking D. Knock,实际应用I,5. _ blood i
20、f you can and many lives will besaved. A. Giving B. Give C. Given D. To give,实际应用I,6. The manager, _ his factorys products werepoor in quality, decided to give his workers further training. A. knowing B. known C. to know D. being known,实际应用I,7. It is believed that if a book is _, it will surely_ the
21、 reader. A. interested; interest B. interesting; be interestedC. interested; be interesting D. interesting; interest,实际应用I,8. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage_ the girl and took her away, _ into thewoods. A. seizing; disappearedB. seized; disappearedC. seizing; disappearingD. seized; d
22、isappearing,实际应用I,9. The flowers _ sweet in the botanic gardenattract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A. to smell B. smellingC. smell D. to be smelt,实际应用I,10. English has a large vocabulary, hasnt it?-Yes, _ more words and expressions andyoull find it easier to read and communicate.A. Know B. K
23、nowing C. To know D. Known,实际应用I,11. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _ in yourmind instead of before your eyes. A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed,实际应用II,II. Correct the mistakes in the sentences. (Each sentence has only one mistake.),My pare
24、nts love me dearly of course and willdo all they can make sure that I get a good education.,to,2. He said he was busy. That is, a game of tennismaking him very busy.,made,实际应用II,3. Remembering not to shout at them.,Remember,4. It was about noon we arrived at the foot ofthe mountain.,when,5. I was so
25、 tired that I felt asleep at the momentmy head touched the pillow.,实际应用II,6. The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese.,7. One day I wrote a little story and showed tomy teacher.,it,8. Clever as she is, but she works very hard.,实际应用II,9. I dream of standing on the platform in theclass
26、room and give lessons to lovely boys andgirls.,and girls.,giving lessons to lovely boys,11. I know there is not easy to be a teacher.,it,10. At weekends, we would play basket ball, swimming in the pool or go for a picnic.,swim,一. 利用考生思维定势，通过从句对句子进行分隔。 1. Mr. Li made up his mind to devote all he coul
27、d _ his oral English before going abroad.A. improve B. to improve C. improving D. to improving 2. The letter I was looking forward to _ at last.A. arrived B. arrive C. arriving D. have arrived,D,A,二. 将句子变为疑问句或感叹句，造成句子中动宾关系的分隔。 3. Whom do you want to have _ the parts of the car together?A. fix B. to
28、fix C. fixing D. fixed 4. What have I said _ you angry?A. made B. make C. to make D. making 5. You can never imagine what great difficulty I have _ your house.A. found B. finding C. to find D. for finding,A,C,B,三. 相似结构混在一起，形成对句子的分隔。 6. It was in the house _ he used to live that the exhibition was he
29、ld.A. where B. that C. which D. there,四. 在主谓之间加入介词短语。 7. I think Tom, together with you, _.A. be blamed B. is to blame C. are to be blamed D. are to blame,A,B,五. 固定搭配被其它词隔开。 8. We waited _ line for the bus.A. for B. in C. on D. with,B,六. 添上插入语。 9. He has written another scientific report, _ of great
30、 importance to science.A. which I think it is B. which I think is C. I think it is D. I think which is 10. We havent heard from Jane for a long time. What do you suppose _ to her?A. was happening B. to happen C. has happened D. having happened,B,C,七.同位语从句的中心名词与从句被其它成分分隔。 11. The secret spread out ve
31、ry quickly in the town _ he will be headmaster of our school.A. where B. in that C. that D. which,八. 用倒装句引起分隔现象。 12. He found on the table next to the armchair _ two pipes, some tobacco and a box of matches.A. was B. is C. are D. were,C,D,九. 复合谓语被分隔。复合谓语被分隔指谓语部分的助动词、系动词或情态动词与主要动词被分隔的现象。例如: 13. An aw
32、ful accident _, however, occur the other day. A. does B. did C. has to D. had to,B,巩固练习： 1. Bruce spent as much time as he _ over his lessons.A. could go B. could going C. could to go D. went 2. A book, as well as a pen and a magazine, _ been left in the reading room.A. have B. are C. has D. is,B,C,
33、3. Who did the manager _ the work? -Maybe _ of the two men.A. have do; the taller B. have done; the olderC. have to do; the younger D. let do; taller 4. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see washing machine she had had _ went wrong again.A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired,A,C,5. Th
34、ank you for the great trouble youve had _ me with my computer work.-Thats nothing. A. with helping B. helping C. to help D. to have helped 6. Thank you for the great trouble youve taken _ me with my computer work.-Thats nothing. A. with helping B. helping C. to help D. to have helped,B,C,7. The prof
35、essor we referred _ yesterday.A. to came B. to coming C. came D. coming 8. Word came in the afternoon _ there would be an English exam.A. when B. that C. which D. every time 9. Who would you rather _ with you to the park, John or Mary?A. to go B. have gone C. have go D. going,A,B,C,10. Information h
36、as been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. A. while B. that C. when D. as 11. The remaining time should be made full use _ well prepared for the college entrance examination.A. of getting B. of to get C. to get D. in getting,B,B,Practice makes perfect!,再 见！,
