1、 Unit 1 Friendship.单词荟萃1. adj. 心烦意乱的; 不安的; 不适的 vt. 使不安; 使心烦 2. vt.(使 )镇定 adj. 平静的;镇静的;沉着的 adv. 镇定地;冷静地 3. n.连续;系列 4. vt.忍受; 经历 n. 折磨;苦难 5. vt.压紧; 捆扎 n. 背包;包裹 6. adj. 感激的; 表示谢意的 7. vt. 不理睬;忽视ignorance n.无知; 愚昧ignorant adj.无知的;愚昧的 8. vt. (使)担忧;涉及; 关系到 n. 担心;关注;(利害) 关系 adj. 担忧的concerning prep. 关于;涉及 9.
2、 n. 提示; 技巧;尖;尖端;小费 vt.倾斜; 翻倒 10. adj. 德国的; 德国人的 ;德语的 n.德国人;德语Germany n.德国 11. adv.在户外; 在野外 outdoor adj. 户外的;露天的;野外的 12. adj. 积满灰尘的dust n.灰尘 13. adj.整个的;完全的;全部的 adv.完全地;全然地;整个地 14. n.能力;力量;权力 adj.强有力的 15. n. 寂寞; 孤独lonely adj. 寂寞的;偏僻的 16. vt.安排;解决settlement n.殖民;定居 17. vi.恢复 n.恢复; 治愈 18. adv.确实如此; 确切地
3、 exact adj. 精确的;确切的 19. vi.不同意 vi.同意disagreement n.不赞成 20. vt. 不喜欢;厌恶 n. 厌恶;反感;不喜爱like vt. 喜欢 ;希望 .短语检测1.合计 2.(使)平静下来 ;(使)镇定下来 3.关心;挂念 4.遭受;患病 5.经历;经受 6.记下;放下;登记 7.一连串的;一系列 ;一套 8.故意 9.为了 10.在黄昏时刻 11.面对面地 12.参加;加入 13.对 厌烦 14.将( 东西 )装箱打包 15.与 相处; 进展 .佳句再现1.状语从句的省略: while doing(遛狗的时候 ), you were carele
4、ss and it got loose and was hit by a car. 2.固定句型:There was a time when有一段时期I can well remember that (有一段时期) a deep blue sky, the song of the birds 3.before 引导时间状语从句,意为“在之后才”She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months (他们才被发现) . 4.强调句型:It is/was+被强调部分+that/whoI wonder if because I haven
5、t been able to be outdoors for so long (我变得对无比狂热) everything to do with nature. 5.固定句型:It/This/That is/was the first time that sb has(have)/had done sth. 这/那是某人第一次做某事。it was the first time in a year and a half that (我目睹夜晚) face to face 1 upset adj. 心烦意乱的;不安的;不适的 vt. 使不安;使心烦 ;弄翻,打翻; 打乱,扰乱(计划等)(1)be u
6、pset about/over/at sth 为某事烦心be upset to do sth/that 对做某事感到心烦/对感到心烦(2)upset sb 使某人心烦意乱upset oneself about sth 为某事而烦恼It upsets sb that/to do sth. 让某人心烦的是 /做某事让某人心烦。upset a plan/an arrangement 打乱计划/安排【巧学助记】【活学活用】(1)Walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very upset about what had happened to the coup
7、le.朝着现场走去的时候,Tenyson 对这对夫妻的遭遇感到十分难过。(2)Our plans were upset by the sudden change in the weather. the sudden change in the weather our plans. (用强调句型改写) 我们的计划被天气的突然变化打乱了。(3)一句多译。 was that he didnt win a prize in the English competition.(名词性从句) that he didnt win a prize in the English competition.(it 作
8、形式主语) He didnt win a prize in the English competition, . (定语从句) 最使他难过的是他在英语竞赛中没得奖。2 ignore v. 不顾, 不理,忽视【活学活用】(1)Im not suggesting you ignore problems, or that you pretend things are better than they are. 我并不是在建议你忽视问题,也不是在建议你假装情况比现实要好。(2) for many years, the novelist suddenly became famous. 被淡忘了多年后,这
9、位小说家突然声名大噪。(3)He history is doomed to repeat it. 谁无视历史,谁就注定要重蹈覆辙。 3 calm v. 使镇静;平静下来 adj.沉着的, 镇静的;(天气、海洋等)平静的remain/keep/stay calm 保持冷静calm () down (使) 平静下来;(使)镇定下来【活学活用】(1)Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees had calmed down. 露西和她的助理一直藏在车里,直到那些愤怒的蜜蜂平静下来。(2)The gunmen walked
10、away and escaped in a waiting car. 持枪歹徒不慌不忙地走开,坐上一辆等候他们的汽车逃走了。(3)That we should in the face of danger matters much in case of emergency. 如遇紧急情况,我们在面对危险时应该保持冷静,这点非常重要。4 concern vt.使担忧;涉及;关系到 n. U关心,关注; C关心的人或事;负责的事(1)concern oneself about/for sth 担忧/关心某事(2)be concerned about 关心,忧虑so/as far as sb be c
11、oncerned 就某人来说/而论(3)have/express concern for/about对表示关心/担心(4)concerning prep. 关于【活学活用】(1)Concerned about his sick wife, he hurried home immediately after the meeting. 他担心生病的妻子,所以一开完会就立刻赶回家了。(2)The sales manager asked his men to inform him of everything the sales in time. 销售部经理让他手下的人把关于销售量的一切情况及时报告给他
12、。(3) is whether these injured wild animals will be able to receive timely treatment. 人们所担心的是这些受了伤的野生动物能否得到及时的救治。5 suffer vt.遭受; 忍受;容忍 vi.受苦; 患病;遭受损失(1)suffer pain/defeat/loss/poverty/hunger/hardship遭受痛苦/失败 /损失/贫穷/ 饥饿/苦难suffer from 受之苦; 患 病(2)suffering n. (指肉体或精神上遭受的) 痛苦,疼痛 ,困难【活学活用】(1)Having suffere
13、d a huge loss in the last financial year, the company is now suffering from a shortage of skilled staff. 公司在上一财政年遭受巨额亏损, 当前苦于缺乏熟练员工。(2)The war has caused widespread human . 这场战争给许许多多的人带来了苦难。(3)Had you not dropped me such a line, I so much trouble. 你要是没有给我留下这样一张便条,我也就不会遭受这么多的麻烦了。1 add up 合计 ; 把加起来add
14、 up to 加起来等于; 总计为,意味着add to 增加;增添add sth to sth 把加到/进里add that 补充说【巧学助记】【活学活用】(1)Lets add up all the numbers and the total bill adds up to ￥500. Lets go Dutch and each pays for his share. 让我们把所有数字加起来,整个账单总计 500 元。让我们平摊费用,每个人支付他自己的份额。(2)All the lights the festive atmosphere of New Year and lets keep
15、more it. 所有的灯饰增加了新年的节日气氛,让我们再增加一些。(3)The captain the engine was out of order then and the bad weather the helplessness of the crew at sea. 船长补充说当时发动机出了问题,糟糕的天气又增加了海上船员的无助。2 go through 经受, 经历;完成(一件事); 通过;检查go against 违背go ahead 先走;开始做, 着手做go by 走过go in for 赞成,支持; 参加go 仔细检查;复习,重温【活学活用】(1)You have to g
16、o through the worst to get the best.你只有经历过最糟糕的才能得到最好的。(2)写出 go through 在句中的不同含义。The plan went through, which made us all happy. This year we have gone through too many natural disasters. I had just gone through my homework when the telephone rang. I always start the day by going through my mail. 3 s
17、et down 记下,写下;放下;让下车set aside 留出; 拨出 (时间、金钱等);不顾;把置于一边set up 设立;建立; 成立set 出发;动身; 引起; 使爆炸set out to do sth 开始/着手做某事set about doing sth 着手做某事【活学活用】(1)All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I had set down in my diary.所有我记得的有关前几天的事情就是我在日记里记下的那些枯燥的描述性文字。(2)用 set 相关短语的适当
18、形式填空。Youd better your idea before you forget it.(写下) With high-speed trains, people will factories and business centres in the west once and for all. (建设) From a long-term point of view, it is time for us to solving this problem.(开始) 4 get along with 与和睦相处;进展get down to 认真做;开始着手做get 克服;解决get rid of
19、消灭;摆脱; 除掉get through 电话接通;用完;正式/ 顺利通过;(设法)处理; 完成get together 举行社交聚会;开会get up 起身;起床温馨提示 get along 后可用 well, nicely, badly 等作修饰语, 表示“同某人相处得(不)好,某事进展得(不)顺利”;get along意为“进展;前进; 对付”。【活学活用】(1)However, to get a happy home life, we have to get along with them as well as possible. 然而,为了获得幸福的家庭生活,我们必须尽可能地与他们和
20、睦相处。(2)We were held up for materials at first, but now we are quite nicely. 我们起初因为材料问题停了工,但是现在进行得十分顺利。(3)用 get 相关短语的适当形式填空。Well soon ( 开会) to discuss how to (去除) all these disgusting flies here. Theres such a lot to ( 完成)!Lets (着手干) business right here and now! He was disappointed at not getting the
21、 job, but hell soon ( 克服) it. 1 it was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚句型公式It is/was thetime+that 从句.【句式点拨】(1)该句型的反意疑问句句式为 isnt it 或 wasnt it。(2)“It is+(high) time+that 从句 .”中, 从句用一般过去时或“should+ 动词原形”。(3)the first time “第一次”,用作连词 ,后接时间状语从句。(4)for
22、 the first time “第一次”, 用作介词短语, 单独作状语,不接从句。【活学活用】(1)It was the first time that I had spoken to a foreigner, so I became very nervous.那是我首次和一个外国人交谈,因此我变得非常紧张。(2)This is the first time that the young singer in his hometown since his rise to fame. 这是这位年轻的歌手自成名以来第一次在他的家乡表演。(3)Obviously, it is high time t
23、hat we some measures to solve the problem. 很明显,是我们该采取一些措施来解决这个问题的时候了。(4)语法填空。 It is the second time that you ( fail) in the experiment.It is time that you (reflect) upon your mistakes. There was a time New York City buildings were almost all the same height. I guess it is time (rush) out to Nanjing
24、Road to sweep the stores for the last-minute discount. The first time I (visit) Yangshuo, I (strike) by its breathtaking scenery. 2 She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered. 她和她的家人躲藏了近 25 个月之后才被发现。句型公式before 引导的时间状语从句【句式点拨】before conj. 用于表示从句动作发生之前的时间,译法灵
25、活。(1)与情态动词 can/could 连用,意为“不等 就”。(2)在特定的情景中,意为“趁着 ”或“过了才” 。(3)“It+be+时间段 +before 引导的从句.”意为“之后才”。(4)“It+be+not+long+before 引导的从句.”意为“不久就”。(5)在“hardlybefore ”结构中 ,before 相当于 when,意为“刚就”。【活学活用】(1)Im sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some time before Brian gets back. 我很抱歉让你等了这么长时间,但是布赖
26、恩还要过一段时间才能回来。(2)Why didnt you tell him the news? He rushed out of the room . “你为什么不把消息告诉他?”“我还没来得及说一句话他就已经冲出了房间。”(3)John thinks he is ready for his new job. 约翰认为不久之后他就会为他的新工作做好准备。(4)He had hardly entered the room . 他刚进屋子就听到一声巨响。Unit 2 English around the world.单词荟萃1. n. 航行; 航海 2. adj. 本国的; 本地的 n. 本地人
27、; 本国人 3. n. 词汇; 词汇量;单词表 4. n. 本身; 本体;身份 v. 确认;认出;鉴定; 找到; 发现 5. n.词语;表示;表达; 表情 v. 表示;表达;表露 6. n. 指令;掌握 7. n.要求 8. n. 口音; 重音;腔调 9. adv. 直接;挺直 adj. 直的;笔直的;正直的 10. n. 块; 街区;大厦;障碍物 11. adj.官方的;正式的officially adv. 官方地; 正式地 12. adv.实际上; 事实上 actual adj.实际的;真实的 13. vt. 以为基础 n.基部;基地 adj. 基本的basis n. 基础 14. adj
28、.逐渐的;逐步的gradually adv. 逐渐地;逐步地 15. vt. 使充实;使肥沃;使富足 rich adj. 富有的; 肥沃的 ;昂贵的 16. n. 拼写; 拼字;拼法spell vi. 拼写 17. adj. 较后的; 后半的 ;(两者中)后者的former( 反义词) adj.后期的; 后来的 adj.最近的;最新的 adv.最近;近来 18. adj.流利的;流畅的 adv. 流利地;流畅地fluency n.流利; 流畅 19.frequent adj. 频繁的;常见的 adv. 常常,频繁地 20. vt.辨认出recognition n.承认;公认 .短语检测1.超过
29、;不只是;很 2.因为;由于 3.走近;上来;提出 4.起初;当初 5.以为基础 6.现在;目前 7.利用;使用 8.例如; 像这样的 9.不假思索;毫不犹豫 10.在 中扮演一个角色 ;参与 11.信不信由你 12.与 不同 13.和 相同 14.转过拐角 15.直走 .佳句再现1.even if 引导让步状语从句 ,意为 “即使”Native English speakers can understand each other (即使他们不说) the same kind of English. 2.morethan引导比较状语从句,意为“与其说倒不如说”It was (更多的是以德语为基
30、础) the English we speak at present. 3.“no such+可数名词单数 ”意为“没有这样的”,相当于“not+ such a(n)+可数名词单数”Believe it or not, there is (没有这样的标准英语). 4.This is because意为“这是因为”, because 引导表语从句(这是因为) in the early days of radio, those reported the news (被期望) speak excellent English. 5.the way 作先行词引导定语从句, 并在从句中作状语时,关系词有三
31、种形式: that, in which 或不填However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in (人们说话方式). 1 base vt. 根据,基于 n. 基部; 基础;基地(1)baseon/upon(=be based on/upon)根据;以 为基础be based in 驻扎,设立; 以为基地(2)basic adj. 基本的;基础的(3)basis n. 准则;方式; 基础; 要点on the basis of (=based on)根据;在 的基础上;基于温馨提示 在“baseon/upon”结构中,base 是及物
32、动词,base 后要跟宾语, 否则要用被动形式 be based on/upon。【活学活用】(1)He didnt realize that he had based all his statements on a false theory. 他没有意识到他的所有论断都是以一个错误的理论为基础的。(2)The theory he put up his many years research, so it was practical. 他提出的理论是以他多年的研究为依据的,因此是切实可行的。 (3)语法填空。They have to have a (base) understanding of
33、 computers in order to use the advanced technology. The research group produced two reports on the (base )of the survey, but neither contained any useful suggestions. 2 command n. 命令;控制,掌握 vt. 命令,指挥;把握,掌握(1)take command of 控制;担任的指挥have a good command of 很好地掌握,精通(2)command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事command
34、 that(should) do 命令做温馨提示 command 所接宾语从句的谓语动词用“(should) do”,能这样使用的动词可用以下口诀来记忆:一坚持:insist二命令:order , command三建议:advise , suggest, recommend四要求:request, require, demand, desire【活学活用】(1)The guard commanded the poor old man to show his identity card. =The guard commanded that the poor old man (should) sh
35、ow his identity card.警卫命令这个可怜的老人出示身份证。(2)Only when you vocabulary will reading no longer be your obstacle. 只有当你掌握了充足的词汇后,阅读才不再是你的障碍。(3)The boss commanded Henry some important work, but Henry forgot his command. 老板吩咐亨利完成一些重要的工作,但亨利忘了老板的命令。(4)The government commanded the buildings in the old market to
36、 be pulled down to make room for a new park in our city.The government commanded that the buildings in the old market to make room for a new park in our city. 为了给我们城市的新公园腾出地方,政府命令拆除旧市场的建筑。3 request n. 承认 ;公认(1)recognize ones voice/handwriting/sb辨认出某人的声音/笔迹/ 某人recognize sb/sth as/to be承认某人/某物是be reco
37、gnized as/to be被大家承认/被普遍接受是 It is (generally) recognized that人们公认(2)beyond/out of recognition 难以认出【活学活用】(1)Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognized. 巴赫死于 1750 年,但是直到 19 世纪早期他的音乐天赋才被完全认可。(2)The city has altered almost since I left there
38、 five years ago. 自从五年前我离开那里以后,那座城市已变得我几乎认不出来了。(3) environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face. 大家都认为环境污染已经成为人们所面对的最严重的问题之一。1 because of 因为thanks to 多亏,由于owing to 由于as a result of 作为的结果due to 由于on account of 因为in consequence of/as a consequence of作为的结果温馨提示 bec
39、ause of 是介词短语 ,表示原因,意为“因为”,后接名词、代词或宾语从句,在句中作状语;because 是从属连词,引导原因状语从句,表示主句的根本原因。【活学活用】(1)I did so because of my own interest, not because I was told to.我这样做是由于自己的兴趣爱好,而不是因为有人要我这么做。(2) his mother being there, I didnt mention it at all. 因为他母亲在场,我就根本没提此事。(3)语法填空。The manager had to step down account of
40、poor health. (owe) to the engine trouble, the plane had to make a forced landing. Thanks your help, we accomplished the task ahead of schedule. 2 come up 走近;上来, 上升;被提出; 产生,开始;发芽(1)come up with 想出(计划、主意); 提出come about 发生come along 一起来;进步; 出现come to 总计;达到(某种状况 )come up to 达到(某点/ 认可的水平或标准)come 出来;(书、唱片
41、等 )出版,发行come on 赶快;得了吧(2)How come? (表示不理解)怎么回事?When it comes to sth当涉及某事时【巧学助记】温馨提示 come up 在指“问题、建议或方案等被提出 ”时, 为不及物动词短语 ,其主语通常为物, 无被动语态;come up with 则意为“提出”,为及物动词短语,主语通常为人,宾语则多为表示建议、计划、方案等的名词。【活学活用】(1)The problem came up at last. Who came up with it at the meeting? 这个问题终于被提出来了。是谁在会议上提出来的?(2)He to s
42、ee whether the seeds planted days before or not. 他走近去看几天前播的种子发芽了没有。(3)用 come 相关短语的适当形式填空。His records that so far more than 100. How did the problem in the first place? You waited half an hour for a bus; then three at a time! 3 make use of 利用(1)make full use of 充分利用make good use of 好好利用make the most/
43、best of 充分利用(2)make use of sth to do sth 利用某物做某事sth be made use of to do sth 某物被用来做某事【活学活用】(1)Scientists are developing new ways to make full use of the solar energy more effectively.科学家们正在开发新的方法来更加有效地充分利用太阳能。(2)The value of life lies not in the length of days, but in the use . 生命的价值不在于能活多少天,而在于我们如何
44、利用这些日子。(3)In my opinion, every chance should be made full use of (practise) our oral English. 4 play a part in 在 中起作用;在中担任角色play an important role/part in在中起重要作用play a leading role 起主要/带头作用play the role of sb (=play/act the part of sb) (在剧中 )扮演某人的角色【活学活用】(1)The books you read as a child can play a p
45、art in the job you have later in life. 你在童年时读过的书,会对你以后的工作产生一定的影响。(2)It is true that advertisements economic activities. 广告在经济活动中确实扮演了重要角色。(3)语法填空。Experts say the way you design your home could play part in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. When Willis was in high school, he played par
46、t of a radio announcer in a school play. Life is just like an unending journey, in which we all have a part ( play). 1 It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. 当时的英语更多情况下是以德语为基础的,而现在我们所说的英语不是。句型公式morethan 与其说倒不如说【相关拓展】more than+数词或从句 超过more than+形容词 非常 more than+名词 不只是,不仅仅是no more than+数词 仅仅;只有【活学活用】(1)She was more sad than angry when her son lied. 当她的儿子撒谎时,与其说她在生气,不如说她在伤心。(2)He is ; he is also a poet. Im to get to know him. 他不仅仅是一位科学家,他还是一位诗人。我非常高兴认识他。(3)Abraham Lincolns whole school education added up to one year. 亚伯拉罕林肯所受的全部学校教育加起来总共只有一年的时间。(4)S
