1、 Unit 1 Festivals around the world.单词荟萃1. n.美;美人 adj.美丽的beautify vt.美化 2. vi.道歉;辩白 n.道歉 3. n.悲哀;悲伤sad adj.悲伤的 adv.悲哀地 ;伤心地 4. n.到来;到达;到达者arrive vi.到达 5. n.起源;由来;起因 adj.原来的originally adv.本来; 原来 6. vi.饿得要死starvation n.饿死; 挨饿 7. n.庆祝;祝贺celebrate v.庆祝;祝贺 8. n.信任;信心;信仰believe v.相信;认为;信任 9. adj.明显的;显而易见的o
2、bviously adv.显然 10. n.独立;自主independent adj.独立的;自主的 vi.依靠; 决定 n.依靠;依赖;信任; 信赖 11. n.农业;农艺;农学agricultural adj.农业的;农艺的 12. n.产品;( 尤指)农产品 v. 生产;产生;制作production n.产量;生产 n.产品; 产物 13. adj.充满活力的;精力充沛的;积极的energy n.能量;精力 14. vt.赞美; 钦佩;羡慕admiration n.羡慕admirable adj.令人羡慕的admirer n.羡慕者 15. n.许可;允许permit v.允许 n.许
3、可证;执照 16. v.(使) 聚集;搜集; 集聚gathering n.聚会;集会 17. n.预言;预报;预告predict v.预报;预言 18. adj.季节的;季节性的season n.时期;季节;赛季 19. n.愚人 vt.愚弄;欺骗 vi.干傻事;开玩笑 adj.傻的foolish adj.愚蠢的 20. adj.宗教上的;信奉宗教的;虔诚的religion n.宗教 .短语检测1.发生 2.纪念;追念 3.穿上盛装;打扮 ;装饰 4.搞恶作剧;开玩笑 5.期望;期待;盼望 6.日夜;昼夜;整天 7.好像 8.玩得开心 9.出现;到场 10.守信用;履行诺言 11.屏息;屏气
4、12.出发;动身;使爆炸 13.使 想起 .佳句再现1.主动表被动结构: be+adj.+to doAt that time people would starve if food was (难以找到), especially during the cold winter months. 2.“with+宾语+介词短语”结构On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes ( 它们上面有“骨头”). 3.固定搭配:either or或者或者Some festivals are held t
5、o honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return (或提供帮助或带来危害) . 4.固定句型:It is obvious that显然(显然 ) the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave 5.“hear, watch, see, find, catch+宾语+ 宾补”结构As he sadly passed the tea shop on the corner on his way home,he (听见一个声音在叫他). 1 tr
6、ick vt.欺骗;诈骗 n.诡计;恶作剧;窍门(1)play a trick/tricks on sb 捉弄某人(2)trick sb into doing sth 诱使某人做某事trick sb out of sth 从某人处骗走某物【活学活用】(1)Realizing he had been tricked, the prince returned the daughter to her mother.意识到自己被骗了,王子把女儿还给了她的母亲。(2)He tricked her marrying him by pretending that he was rich. 他通过装作很富有来
7、骗她和自己结了婚。(3)The clever salesman tricked the old lady her money. 这个精明的推销员骗取了这位老太太的钱财。(4) by her students, the new woman teacher seemed very embarrassed with her face red. 受到学生们的捉弄后,这位新来的女教师似乎很尴尬,脸都红了。2 award vt. 颁奖,授奖; 授予 ,给予;判定 n.奖;奖品;奖状(1)award sb sth/sth to sb 授予某人某物be awarded for 因而得奖(2)win/recei
8、ve/get an award for因而赢得/得到/获得奖项(3)as a reward for (=in reward for)作为的报酬/奖赏/报答give/offer a reward to sb for sth 为某事而给某人报酬(4)reward sb for sth 因某事而奖赏某人reward sb/sth with sth 用某物回报某人/某事【活学活用】(1)And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, been awarded a PhD in literature, an
9、d authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction.多年后,她很自豪她的儿子读了很多书,在文学上获得博士学位, 并写了很多书、文章、诗歌和小说。(2)The Nobel Prize those who make great contributions in many fields every year. 每年诺贝尔奖会被授予那些在许多领域做出重大贡献的人。(3)He was given 500 dollars in reward his bravery. 他因表现勇敢而得到 500 美元的奖金。(4)They his great hel
10、p with a gift of money. 他们给他一笔钱以报答他的大力相助。3 admire vt. 赞赏, 仰慕,钦佩 ; 欣赏(1)admire sb for sth 因某事而钦佩某人(2)admiration n. 钦佩,赞美have admiration for sb/sth 羡慕/钦佩某人/某物in/with admiration 钦佩地【活学活用】(1)The adobe dwellings(土坯房 ) are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers. 这些土坯房甚至被最具现代气息的建筑师和工程师
11、所欣赏。(2)All those who knew Mo Yan admired him winning the Nobel Prize in Literature. 所有认识莫言的人都羡慕他获得诺贝尔文学奖。 (3)I cannot help the picture whenever I look at it. 无论什么时候看这幅画,我都禁不住要赞赏它。(4)I have great as a teacher. 我十分钦佩她这个老师。4 apologize vi. 道歉; 辩白(1)apologize (to sb) for (doing) sth因(做)某事(向某人)道歉apologize
12、 to sb+that 从句 向某人道歉(2)make an apology to sb for sth 因某事向某人道歉offer an apology 主动道歉accept/refuse an apology 接受/拒绝道歉owe sb an apology 应该向某人道歉【活学活用】(1)The shy waitress apologized to me for making a mistake after she charged me 100 yuan for just one tin of Coca-Cola. 那位羞愧的女服务员因为一罐可乐收了我 100 元的失误而向我道歉。(2)
13、He smiled politely as Mary for her drunken friends. 当玛丽为她喝醉了的朋友道歉时,他礼貌地微笑着。(3)I have to youIm afraid I opened your letter by mistake. 我得向你道歉恐怕我错拆了你的信。(4)I for the fact that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon. 我应为周五下午不能和你一起去书店向你道歉。5 remind vt. 提醒; 使想起(1)remind sb of (doing) sth
14、 提醒某人(做) 某事remind sb to do sth 提醒某人去做某事remind sb+that/what/how 从句提醒某人/使某人想起(2)reminder n. 起提醒作用的人/物【活学活用】(1)I like the food from the north, because it reminds me of my hometown. 我喜欢北方的食物,因为它会让我想起我的家乡。(2)语法填空。Violence has broken out in the capital, a useful (remind) that the religious tensions are re
15、fusing to go away. Whenever I hold it in my hand, I (remind) of all the wonderful things Dad has done for me over the years. The conductor reminded the passengers not (leave) their luggage behind when they got off the train. 1 in memory of 为纪念;追念in honour of 为向 表示敬意in case of 以防;万一in charge of 负责;掌管
16、in celebration of 为庆祝in favour of 支持in need of 需要in praise of 赞扬in place of 代替in terms of 就而言; 在 方面in view of 鉴于;考虑到【活学活用】(1)The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist. 这个博物馆是为了纪念那位著名的科学家而建立的。(2)用 in 的相关介词短语填空。Some people are reform, while others are against it. The job is great salary ,
17、 but it has its disadvantages. Everybody spoke her devotion to the cause of education. The congress opened with a minutes silence those who died in the struggle. 2 turn up 出现,露面; 开大,调高(音量等); 向上翻;找到turn 背叛;对不利 turn around/round 转身;好转; (使)翻身;翻转turn down 拒绝;关小, 调低turn in 上交turn into (使) 变成turn off 关掉tu
18、rn on 打开(水、电灯、煤气等)turn out 结果是;证明是;生产; 制造turn 翻身;移交 ;转动 turn to 求助于【活学活用】(1)Every time Tom turns up, he ever fails to turn to us for help.每次汤姆露面,他准是来向我们求助的。(2)写出 turn up 在句中的不同含义。We invited her to dinner but she didnt even bother to turn up. I cant hear the music. Please turn the radio up. Im sure y
19、our watch will turn up one of these days.He turned up his coat collar against the chill wind.3 set off 出发 ;动身;使爆炸;引发;触发; 激起set about (doing) 着手(做)set aside 把放在一边;省出;留出;储蓄set out (to do) 动身;出发; 着手( 做)set 搭起;建立; 设立【活学活用】(1)Hearing the news, they immediately set off for the railway station.听到这个消息,他们立即出
20、发去火车站了。(2)用 set 相关短语的适当形式填空。Any escape, once its detected, the alarm. When the sun started to go down, he stopped and his tent. Some doctors advise a certain time each day for worries. 1 It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave很显然,咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开句型公式It is obvi
21、ous that显而易见/显然【句式点拨】句子中的 it 作形式主语, 后面的 that 从句才是真正的主语。it 作形式主语,没有具体意义, 只是帮助把真正的主语移至句子末尾,使句子显得匀称。常见的句式有: (1)Its a pity/a shame/a fact/a wonder that;(2)It is strange/obvious/true/good/possible/likely/clear that;(3)It seemed/happened/turned out/occurred to me that;(4)It is said/reported/expected/estim
22、ated that等。【活学活用】(1)It was obvious that he knew nothing about repairing cars.很明显,他一点儿也不知道该怎样修理汽车。(2) was strange that he should have been absent from such an important meeting. 很奇怪,他竟然缺席了这样一个重要的会议。(3)Its a shame we failed to fulfil the task ahead of time. 我们没能提前完成任务, 真是惭愧。 (4) he had left his keys i
23、n the office.(occur) 他突然想到他把钥匙落在办公室了。2 As he sadly passed the tea shop on the corner on his way home,he heard a voice calling him. 正当他悲伤地经过回家路上拐角处的茶馆时,他听见一个声音在叫他。句型公式hear+宾语+doing/done/do【句式点拨】本句包含 as 引导的时间状语从句,主句中 calling him 是现在分词短语用作 a voice 的补足语, 形成“hear+宾语+doing/done/do”结构。能用于该结构的动词还有:watch, se
24、e,find,catch,observe 等。此外, leave(使处于某种状态),keep(使 保持某种状态),get,have 等也常接 doing/done 作补语。温馨提示 在“hear+宾语+doing/done/do”结构中,doing 强调动作正在进行;do 表示动作的全过程; done 表示发生了的被动动作。在被动语态中,do 要改为 to do 形式。【活学活用】(1)I cant help singing along with her every time I hear her singing.每次我听到她唱歌都会情不自禁地跟着她一起唱。(强调动作正在进行)(2)As he
25、 was pushing his bicycle across the tracks, he was surprised to . 正当他推着自行车穿过轨道时,他听到有人叫他的名字,这让他很意外。(强调发生了的被动动作)(3)We stood there, until it disappeared out of our sight.(watch) 我们站在那里,看着火车离开, 直到它消失在我们的视线之外。(4)When the police came, they found the window of the house .(break into) 当警察到来时,他们发现有人从房间的窗户闯进去
26、了。Unit 2 Healthy eating.单词荟萃1. n.日常饮食 vi. 节食 2. n.顾客;消费者 n.风俗;习俗 n.海关; 关税 3. n.折扣 4. adj.生的;未加工的 5. n.女主人;女主持人 n. 主人;主持人 v. 主持; 主办 6. n.谎话;谎言 vi.说谎 n. 撒谎者 7. vi.怒目而视;闪耀 n.怒视; 炫目的光 8. vt.油炸fried adj.油炸的 9. n.缺点;虚弱;弱点weak adj.虚弱的 v.(使)变弱 10. adj.给予保护的;保护的protect vt.保护;防卫; 警戒protection n.保护;防卫 11. vt.平
27、衡; 权衡 n.天平 ;平衡balanced adj. 平衡的 12. n.好奇心curious adj.好奇的curiously adv.好奇地 13. vt.咨询; 请教;商量consultant n.顾问;咨询者 14. vi.概要digestion n.消化 15. n.强项;长处;力量strengthen vt.加强;巩固 adj. 强壮的; 坚强的;(国家)强大的;强烈的 adv. 强烈地 ;强硬地 ;结实地 16. adj.有毒的poison v.放毒;使中毒 n.毒药; 有毒害的事物 17. n.利益;好处 vt. 有助于;受益beneficial adj.有利的;有益的 18
28、. vt.限制; 限定 n.界限 ;限度limited adj.有限的limitation n.范围; 限制 19. vt.(使) 结合combination n.联合;结合 20. n.合作;协作cooperate v.合作;配合cooperative adj.合作的 .短语检测1.应当;应该 2.体重减轻;减肥 3.增加体重 4.赢回;重新获得 5.谋生 6.欠债 7.削减;删节 8.不久以后 9.被放过;(做坏事)不受惩罚 10.对 厌倦/厌烦 11. 说谎 12.监视 .佳句再现1.“否定词+ 形容词的比较级” 表最高级含义“ (没有比这些更好吃的了),” he thought. 2.
29、must have done 表示对过去事情的肯定推测,意为“一定做过了某事”Something terrible (一定发生了) if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did. 3.have sb/sth doing意为“允许某人/某物做”或“让某人 /某物一直做”He could not Yong Hui (允许哄骗人们却不受惩罚)! 4.现在分词短语作伴随状语Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant (感到十分沮丧). 1 balance n. 天平;平衡;余额
30、vt.平衡;权衡(1)out of balance 不平衡keep/lose ones balance 保持/失去平衡keep the balance of nature 保持生态平衡(2)a balanced diet 均衡的饮食(3)balance sth against 斟酌;权衡balance A and B 兼顾 A 与 B【活学活用】 (1)The study shows a well balanced diet can improve your state of mind. 研究表明,均衡的饮食可以改善你的精神状态。(2)She cycled too fast round the
31、 corner, and fell off. 她在拐弯处骑得太快,失去平衡摔倒了。(3)You must balance the good points the bad points and then make your decision. 你必须权衡优劣,然后做出决定。(4)It was then that I started to appreciate the tough choices she had to make on . 正是那时我才开始理解她为了平衡家庭和工作需要做出的那些艰难的选择。2 lie vi. 说谎(lied, lied, lying);躺下;位于 n.谎言(1)lie
32、 to sb 向某人说谎lie in 在于(2)tell a lie/lies 撒谎a white lie 善意的谎言温馨提示 注意以下词形变化:动词 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 词性 词义lie lied lied lying vi. 说谎lie lay lain lying vi. 躺;位于lay laid laid laying vt. 放置;下蛋【语境助记】The man lying lied that he had laid the money on the table.躺着的那个男人撒谎说他已把钱放在了桌子上。【活学活用】(1)He lost the sale of twenty
33、papers because he would not tell a lie, but got a well-paid job because he told the truth.他因为不愿撒谎而少卖了 20 份报纸,却因为说真话而得到了一份薪水很好的工作。(2)The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already for a meal. 客厅干净整洁,餐桌已经摆好, 准备开饭了。(3)He entered the room lit only by candle and saw Geoffrey on the floor.
34、 他走进那个只靠蜡烛照亮的房间,看到杰弗里躺在地板上。(4)Although technically speaking you may not , you certainly havent told us the whole truth. 尽管严格来说你可能没撒谎,但你肯定没把全部实情都告诉我们。3 consult vt. 请教;向咨询;与人商量; 查阅(1)consult(for) 在中查阅()consult sb (about sth) (关于某事) 请教/咨询某人consult (with) sb 与某人商量,与某人商议(2)consultant n. 顾问; 顾问医师【活学活用】(1)
35、I cant give you the thumbs up right now. I will have to go back to consult (with) my director.我现在还不能同意你的要求。我必须回去与我的主管商量。(2)If you seek some legal guidance, youd better . 如果你要寻求法律指导,你最好咨询一下律师。(3)When in doubt about the meaning of a word, . 拿不准词义时,查查词典。 4 limit n. 界限;限度 vt. 限制;限定(1)beyond/over the lim
36、it 超过限度within the limits of 在范围内without limit 无限(制) 地set a limit to 对规定限度Theres a/no limit to 对是有限/无限的。(2)limitto 把限制在内be limited to 受限于温馨提示 limit 用作名词时意为“界限;限度”;limitation 则意为“局限, 局限性”。【活学活用】(1)Everyone is interested only in his or her own things, thus giving rise to inefficiency in their study and
37、 even putting a limit to the fulfilment of their potential. 每个人只对他或她自己的事情感兴趣,因此导致学习上效率不高, 甚至限制了他们潜能的实现。(2)His English was that he couldnt understand what the native speakers said. 他的英语水平太有限,以至于不能理解母语人士所说的话。(3)We must limit the expenses what we can afford. =Wed better keep our spending reasonable lim
38、its. 我们必须把开销限制在我们能承受的范围内。(4)There is a limit to ones life, but no limit to (serve) the people. 一个人的生命有限,但是为人民服务是无限的。5 benefit vt. 有助于;受益 n.利益;好处(1)benefit from/by 从 中受益, 得益于(2)to ones benefit 对某人有益的是for the benefit of sb/for sbs benefit为了某人的利益(3)be (very) beneficial to=be of (great/much) benefit to
39、对(很)有益温馨提示 A benefit B=B benefit from A。【活学活用】(1)The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequencescalled light pollution. 这类工程带来好处的同时也带来了一些后果,叫作光污染。(2)Children deserve outdoor activities, which they can benefit enormously. 孩子们应该进行户外活动,这对他们非常有好处。(3)Your recommendation will be to the dev
40、elopment of my company. 您的建议对我公司的发展将大有裨益。(4) the benefit of those who were not here last time, Ill go over what I said first. 为了上次缺席的人的利益,我先复习一下我之前讲过的内容。6 combine vt.( 使)结合(1)combine into 联合成combineand/with 把与 结合起来be combined with 与结合/联合(2)a combination of 一种的结合(物)in combination with 与联合起来【活学活用】(1)W
41、e think it is important that theory should be combined with practice. 理论必须与实践相结合,我们认为这是很重要的。(2) , and youll be healthier. 节食与锻炼相结合,你会更健康。(3)The firm is working on a new product several overseas partners. 这家公司正与几个海外合伙人在联合开发一种新产品。1 get away with 受到从轻发落; (做坏事)不受惩罚get (sth) across (to) 解释清楚,使人了解get alon
42、g/on with 进展;与相处get around/round 走动;(消息) 传开get down to 开始,着手get sb down 使某人沮丧;使某人悲伤get away (from) 逃离或摆脱get 爬过;克服(困难 );从 中恢复过来get through 接通电话;通过;( 工作)完成【活学活用】(1)The boy is too naughty. You shouldnt let him get away with breaking the windows.这个男孩太淘气了。你不应该对他打破窗户不进行惩罚。(2)用 get 相关短语的适当形式填空。News soon th
43、at he had won the first prize. You must your studies this year. If we can present difficulties,then everything should be all right. 2 cut down 削减;删减;砍下 ,砍倒cut up 劈碎;切碎cut 切断;隔绝cut in 插嘴;打岔cut out 删掉;裁剪cut across 抄近路;走捷径温馨提示 cut down 中的 down 为副词, 因此,当遇到代词 it, them 等时, 要将其放在 cut 与 down 之间,即 cut it/the
44、m down。【活学活用】(1)If you want to cut down on your spending, a good goal would be making morning coffee at home instead of going to a cafe, for example.如果你想要削减开支,一个好的目标就是,例如早上自己在家煮咖啡而不是去咖啡馆。(2)用 cut 相关短语的适当形式填空。Dont the tree over there but all the wood in the back yard. The remote village is from the o
45、utside world and people there still keep up their traditional way of life. Hes always while others are talking. 3 in debt 欠债; 欠款be in heavy debt 负债累累in debt to sb=in sbs debt 欠某人的人情/ 债be/get out of debt 摆脱债务get into debt 负债pay off ones debts 还清某人的债务【活学活用】(1)If you waste money like that, youll end up
46、 in debt.如果你那样浪费钱财,你最终会负债的。(2)He when he was poor, but he since he got rich. 他穷的时候欠了债,但他自从富裕后就已经摆脱了债务。(3)After years hard work, weve at last. 经过多年艰辛的劳动,我们终于还清了债务。1 “Nothing could be better,” he thought. 他想:“ 再没有比这些更好吃的了。”句型公式否定词+比较级= 最高级【句式点拨】“否定词+比较级 ”结构表示最高级意义 ,通常意为“没有比更,没有像一样”。常用的否定词有no,not,never
47、,nothing,nobody,hardly 等。【活学活用】(1)Mr Stevenson is great to work forI really couldnt ask for a better boss.为史蒂文森先生工作真好我实在找不到比他更好的老板了。(2)Nothing is than time, but nothing is less valued. 没有比时间更贵重的东西,但也没有比它更易被忽视的东西。(3)语法填空。I enjoyed myself at the party last night because I had never been to a (exciting) one before. No one could perform (well ) t
