1、120 分高考模拟卷(一)(时间:100 分钟 满分:120 分)选择题部分第一部分 听力(共两节,满分 30 分)(略)第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分 35 分)第一节(共 10 个小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 25 分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AHundreds of villages in rural India are using clean energy powered by the sun.This month,61 households in the village of Baripatha in eastern India
2、were given two solar lamps.Villagers had been using kerosene lamps at night.Kerosene produces pollution and can lead to fires.The Indian government wants to increase the use of solar energy by 500 percent in the next seven years.If it is to reach that goal,100 gigawatts of power must come from solar
3、 by 2022.Now,just 4 gigawatts of power created in the country come from the sun.Officials say they want to slow the amount of greenhouse gas emissions.India is now the third largest producer of this gas.The gas contributes to climate change.Arunabha Ghosh is the head of the Council on Energy,Environ
4、ment and Water,a policy research group in New Delhi.He says“in terms of the share of electricity capacity that Germany achieved through renewables,that transition took about 22 years for Germany.In Indias case,which is a much poorer economy,India is planning to have a similar shift towards renewable
5、 energy and non-fossil energy” within 15 years.Indias goal may be helped by the decreased cost of developing solar energy.The government says it wants investors to spend $ 100 billion over seven years in solar power.It is reducing taxes for some solar-related investments.And it is permitting non-Ind
6、ians to invest.This week,Germany said it would spend more than $ 2 billion on solar projects in India.SunEdison,an American renewable-energy company,says it wants to invest $ 15 billion.SoftBank,a Japanese company,has announced it will partner with companies in India and China to spend up to $20 bil
7、lion on solar energy projects.Trina Solar,a Chinese company,plans to spend $500 million to make solar panels.Some people in India are worried that there is not enough land for some of these projects.Many of the projects need large plots of land.Inderpreet Wadhwa created a company called Azure Power.
8、It was one of the earliest investors in solar projects.He said most of them are being built in dry areas of the country,on land that cannot be farmed.21.The underlined word “kerosene” in Paragraph 2 means . A.electricity B.natural waterC.a kind of oil D.solar energy22.Which of the following can be t
9、he best title for the text?A.India Wants to Promote Use of Solar Energy B.How to Use Solar Energy in IndiaC.India Wants to Reduce the Air Pollution D.The United States Helps India in Solar Energy23.Where is the text probably taken from?A.A news website. B.A science book.C.A college textbook. D.A lif
10、e magazine.语篇解读:本文是一篇新闻报道。为了减少温室气体排放,印度政府决心大力推广太阳能,并希望本国的和外国的公司前来投资。答案及剖析:21.C 猜测词义题。根据第二段第二、三句 Villagers had been using kerosene lamps at night.Kerosene produces pollution and can lead to fires.可知,这种灯可以用来照明,但是它有污染,能引起火灾。由此可推知,这是一种过去使用的油类燃料。故选 C。22.A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了印度政府计划大力推广太阳能,并希望本国的和外国的公司前来投
11、资。A 项最能概括文章主旨,适合作为本文的标题。故选 A。23.A 推理判断题。本文话题较新,时效性强,符合新闻报道的特点,最有可能出现在报纸或新闻网站上。故选 A。B (2018全国)We may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new,but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (装置)well after they go out of style.Tha
12、ts bad news for the environmentand our walletsas these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using,Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environ
13、mental costs for each product throughout its lifefrom when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device.This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s.Devices were grouped by generation.Desktop computers,basic mobile phones,and box-set TVs defined
14、 1992.Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997.And MP3 players,smart phones,and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002,before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices,however,we didnt throw out our old ones.“The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids
15、room,and suddenly one day,you have a TV in every room of the house,”said one researcher.The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007.Were not just keeping these old deviceswe continue to use them.According to the analysis of Babbitts team,old desktop mo
16、nitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放)more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So whats the solution (解决方案)?The teams data only went up to 2007,but the researchers also explored what wou
17、ld happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function,such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing.They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.24.What doe
18、s the author think of new devices?A.They are environment-friendly.B.They are no better than the old.C.They cost more to use at home.D.They go out of style quickly. 25.Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?A.To reduce the cost of minerals.B.To test the life cycle of a product.C.To update consume
19、rs on new technology.D.To find out electricity consumption of the devices.26.Which of the following uses the least energy?A.The box-set TV. B.The tablet.C.The LCD TV. D.The desktop computer.答案及剖析:24.A 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“.these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the sa
20、me things.”可知,这些过时的设备比那些做同样事情的新设备消耗更多的能源,也就是说新的设备更环保。25.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To figure out how much power these devices are using.”可知,Babbitt 和她的同事们进行这项研究的目的是弄清这些设备的用电量。26.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energ
21、y consumption by 44%.”可知,在平板电脑上观看更多的点播娱乐节目,而不是看电视和台式电脑,可以将能耗降低 44%,再根据第二段中的“LCD TVs entered.showed up in 2007”可知,平板电脑消耗最少的能源。C For many years,machines have been doing work that people once did,including some difficult jobs.Search and rescue operations in dangerous environments are often seen as the
22、first areas that will employ high technology robots.But there is another area where they may soon take jobs traditionally held by human beings: the restaurant industry.Teams from around the world competed in early June at the DARPA Robotic Challenge Finals in California.A team from R.O.Korea and its
23、 robot,called DRC-Hubo,won first place in the competition.The second and third place finishers were from the United States.The robots were required to drive a vehicle,climb up steps and do mechanical work.Such activities are easy for humans to perform,but more difficult for machines.Not all of the c
24、ompetitors were successful.The failures showed how difficult it is to design effective walking machines.Recently,crowds gathered for the food machinery and technology show in Tokyo,Japan.They witnessed a robotic chef preparing food.Other machines cooked,baked tasty pastries and even made sushi.Akihi
25、ro Suzuki works at Yaskawa Electric,a company that develops robots.He says robots cannot do everything a human can,but they are able to work without becoming tired.He says robots cannot taste food,change heating levels or seasonings to get the best flavor.But he says if a food can be easily prepared
26、,a robot can repeat the same movement to reproduce the same meal.One Japanese woman who saw the robots working wanted to bring them home.Masayo Mori says she would like to have a husband who could work like a robot.Suzumo Machinery demonstrated its sushi maker robot.It performs the often difficult w
27、ork of wrapping the popular Japanese food.Hiroshi Monden is an official with the company.He says people all over the world now eat sushi,but there are not enough skilled workers to prepare for it.He says his machine can help anyone make sushi.27.Where may robots be used soon?A.In the car factory. B.
28、In the rescue scene.C.In the restaurant industry. D.In the underwater research.28.Why did some competitors fail at the DARPA Robotic Challenge Finals?A.Their robots cannot be applied at home. B.Their robots can just repeat the same movement.C.Preparing food is really difficult for robots.D.Designing
29、 effective walking robots is difficult.29.Whats the basic function of a robot?A.Doing mechanical work. B.Doing everything a human can.C.Tasting food. D.Changing heating levels.30.According to the last paragraph,peoples attitudes towards robots should be . A.worried B.indifferent C.positive D.negativ
30、e语篇解读:机器人一直帮助人类做一些困难甚至危险的工作,而本文介绍了能代替人类在餐饮业工作的机器人。答案及剖析:27.C 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句 But there is another area where they may soon take jobs traditionally held by human beings: the restaurant industry.可知,机器人即将在餐饮业使用。所以答案为 C 项。28.D 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句 The failures showed how difficult it is to design effective wa
31、lking machines.可知答案为 D 项。29.A 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句 The robots were required to drive a vehicle,climb up steps and do mechanical work.可知答案为 A 项。根据第六段中的 He says robots cannot do everything a human can 和第七段中的 He says robots cannot taste food,change heating levels 可排除 B、C、D 三项。30.C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段所举的例子可知,很多日本人
32、愿意家中拥有一台机器人,帮他们完成厨房工作,由此可推知,对机器人的使用他们的态度是肯定的,所以答案为 C 项。第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 10 分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Whether youve been in college or youre looking forward to going to university in the future,you and your family likely spend some time worrying about the cost of your college e
33、ducation.31. However,that will pay off for years to come.Earning scholarships is a great way to help you.The Financial Aid Office at Illinois State helps students identify scholarship opportunities every day.Here is some advice to help you. 32. Have you asked your high school or community college fi
34、nancial aid office about scholarships at your school?Many schools have a list of several scholarships right there.33. Check with community organizations,banks and credit unions,and large employers who may offer scholarship opportunities in your area. Find your “hook”34. Your unique characteristics c
35、an help your scholarship applications stand out.Pay special attention to awards that mention your best qualities,whether thats academic achievements,leadership,community service,or something less common.Think about why a donor wants to assist you in paying for your education.Most scholarship provide
36、rs want to encourage a particular behavior.Companies may want to attract future employees. Develop a routineEvery scholarship is different in terms of when you can apply,what you need to turn in,when the winner is announced,and how the money is given to you.35. There isnt a single application or sea
37、rch engine that allows you to find and apply for everything.Visit the website for the Office of Student Financial Aid for lists of scholarship opportunities.Go through the lists to find the ones that match you best and keep track of when you can apply for them. A.While youre searching,consider what
38、makes you special as a student.B.Typically,scholarship applications open in the late fall or early spring for the next school years awards,but that also varies depending on the donors.C.There is no doubt that college education is a necessary step to get yourselves prepared for the future.D.Local awa
39、rds can often be easier to get as the application pools are smaller and less competitive.E.Begin in your own backyardF.Its no secret that college is one of the biggest investments.G.Believe in yourselves语篇解读:无论你是已经在大学就读还是期待着以后进入大学学习,你及你的家人是否在为大学教育的费用而担忧呢?如果是的话,本文将就如何成功申请奖学金向你提出好的建议。答案及剖析:31.F 根据上句 W
40、hether youve been in college or youre looking forward to going to university in the future,you and your family likely spend some time worrying about the cost of your college education.和下句 However,that will pay off for years to come.可知,大学教育是最大的投资之一。所以答案为 F 项。32.E 根据本段内容可知,作者建议在当地申请奖学金。所以答案为 E 项。其中的ba
41、ckyard 暗指你的出生地。33.D 根据上句 Many schools have a list of several scholarships right there.和下句 Check with community organizations,banks and credit unions,and large employers who may offer scholarship opportunities in your area.可知,在当地申请奖学金通常可能更容易。所以答案为 D 项。34.A 根据本段内容,特别是下句 Your unique characteristics can
42、 help your scholarship applications stand out.可知,申请奖学金时要考虑自己的独特之处。所以答案为 A 项。35.B 上句 Every scholarship is different in terms of when you can apply,what you need to turn in,when the winner is announced,and how the money is given to you.指各种奖学金在具体细节上有一些不同之处,而此处则指一种通常的情况,Typically是关键信息。所以答案为 B 项。第三部分 语言运
43、用(共两节,满分 45 分)第一节 完形填空(共 20 个小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 30 分)(2018浙江余姚中学高三英语最后押题卷)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I was running a few errands in my car the other day.The sun was out,the radio was playing,and I was 36 along.The song was a joyful one and even my weak voice sounded good singing it
44、.Then it happened, 37 .The 38 sound of the music ended and was replaced with the dreaded news break. I drove on while the announcer droned on.Gas prices were going higher again 39 the competitive speculation(投机)on Wall Street.The 40 for the Presidency was getting nastier and nastier,rioting(暴乱)had 4
45、1 when fans of a sports team had gone wild,celebrating their teams championship. Finally,I could take no 42 and turned off the radio.Silence seemed preferable 43 listening to anything else about the crazy,competitive society we live in.I slowed down as I entered a local town and 44 the people as I d
46、rove by. A tall muscular(壮硕的)man was helping an elderly lady out of a car and helping her position her walker so she 45 go into a local store. A smiling woman was tossing birdseed into her backyard while a dozen robins flew down to enjoy the 46 being laid out before them. A young man was walking alo
47、ng,carrying his two-year-old daughter 47 in his arms.He tickled her gently when she pulled the hat off his head and they 48 laughed.I laughed too as I looked at all of this 49 .It felt like a glimpse of Heaven.The radio may have been 50 in my car,but in my heart I was still singing. In truth,this wo
48、rld could use a little more kindness and a lot 51 competition.Kindness makes us all winners in this life.Kindness 52 us that we are all Gods Children.Kindness shows us that we dont have to 53 others in this world. We just have to love them.May all of your moments here then 54 kindness,love,and joy.A
49、nd may your only competition be with yourself:to be the best 55 you that you can be. 36.A.running B.driving C.dancing D.singing37.A.however B.also C.still D.yet38.A.loud B.sweet C.sad D.noisy39.A.persisting in B.taking in C.regardless of D.because of40.A.vote B.race C.competitor D.play41.A.broken in B.broken up C.broken out D.broken off42.A.notice B.account C.more D.chance43.A.to B.than C.for D.of44.A.watched B.looked C.noticed D.witnessed45.A.would B.could