1、 哈尔滨商业大学毕业论文利 率 市 场 化 下 我 国 商 业 银 行 贷 款 定 价 研 究Harbin University of CommerceGraduation ThesisStudent Ren Donghui Supervisor Zhang Xinzhi Specialty Finance School Harbin University of Commerce 2011-06- 18毕 业 论 文 任 务 书姓名: 学院:班级: 专业:毕业论文题目:立题目的和意义:技术要求与工作计划:时间安排:指导教师要求:(签字) 年 月 日教研室主任意见:(签字) 年 月 日院长意见:
2、(签字) 年 月 日毕 业 论 文 审 阅 评 语一、指导教师评语:指导教师签字:年 月 日毕 业 论 文 审 阅 评 语二、评阅人评语:评阅人签字:年 月 日毕 业 论 文 答 辩 评 语 及 成 绩三、答辩委员会评语:四、毕业论文成绩:专业答辩组负责人签字:年 月 日五、答辩委员会主任单位: (签章) 答辩委员会主任职称: 答辩委员会主任签字: 年 月 日哈尔滨商业大学毕业论文I摘 要随着金融改革的不断深化,利率市场化的步伐也在逐步加快。利率市场化的推进为商业银行的自主定价准备了条件。自主定价意味着银行之间的竞争将由非价格转为价格,因此,制定科学合理的价格,实现贷款定价由粗放向精细化的转变
3、,对主要以存贷利差收入为主的我国商业银行增强市场竞争力、防范信贷风险、优化信贷资源配置、提高盈利能力具有极其重要的意义。本文在对贷款定价的基本理论、西方三种基本贷款定价模式进行分析研究的基础上,结合我国商业银行目前贷款定价的现状与问题,从市场导向、可操作性以及我国信贷市场的特点三个方面考虑,对贷款定价在我国的推进进行了分析,在基准利率加点模型的基础上提出了包含银企关系在内的基准利率加点模型,即贷款利率=基准利率+ 风险溢价 +期望收益率 +银企关系调整率。模型中的基准利率是市场化的利率,通过对上海银行间同业拆借利率、银行间债券回购利率、央行票据发行利率进行葛兰杰因果关系检验,认为上海银行间同业
4、拆借利率已基本具备基准利率的属性,有望成为商业银行贷款定价的基准利率。信用风险溢价是模型中的核心参数,重点考虑了对贷款定价影响最大的信用风险,并采用新巴塞尔协议中的核心技术内部评级法对信用风险进行分析。为使信用风险的评估更为准确,使贷款定价能够更好的覆盖贷款所面临的风险,结合我国的具体国情,对内部评级法中的风险因素进行了修正,尤其是对贷款违约率的计算引入 Z 值模型并结合企业非财务因素的定性分析。模型中加入银企关系调整率,能够使贷款定价在充分弥补贷款的平均成本和风险的基础上,根据客户在银行的存贷比和结算量对贷款利率进行调整,有利于银行实现分客户的差别化定价,获得更稳定的收益。贷款定价技术的运用
5、和发展,标志着信贷经营管理从以风险控制为核心向以追求风险与收益平衡、经风险调整的资本回报最大化为核心转变,为加快构建我国商业银行的贷款定价体系,文中最后提出了要大力加强贷款定价支持系统建设、加强信用评级建设、建立征信数据库、注重专业化人才培养以及加强同国外信息交流的政策建议。关键词:利率市场化;贷款定价;内部评级;风险溢价哈尔滨商业大学毕业论文IIAbstractWith the continuous deepening of financial reform, the pace of marketization of interest rates gradually accelerates.
6、 The marketization of interest rate will qualify the commercial banks to own self-determination right on loan pricing. Autonomous pricing means that competition among banks will shift from non-price to price. Therefore, formulating a scientific and reasonable price and shifting loan pricing from ext
7、ensive to the refinement is important for our commercial banks whose revenue mainly come from the margin between deposit and loan rate. It is of the utmost importance for our commercial banks to enhance market competitiveness, prevent credit risks, optimize the allocation of credit resources and imp
8、rove the profitability.Based on the analysis on the basic theory of loan pricing and the three traditional loan pricing model in western countries, combining the status quo and problems of our commercial banks, from the point of market-orientation, operability and credit market characteristics of ou
9、r country, this dissertation analyzed the promotion of loan pricing in our country. It proposed a base lending rate model which takes bank-enterprise relations into account. That is, loan interest rate = benchmark interest rate + risk premium + expected rate of return + adjust rate of bank-enterpris
10、e relations.The benchmark interest rate in the model is market-oriented interest rates. By doing Granger causality test on Shanghai Inter-bank Offered Rate (Shibor) , the inter-bank bond repo rate and central bank issued bills interest rate, Shibor has basically acquired the property of benchmark in
11、terest rate. It is expected to become the benchmark interest rate of commercial bank loan pricing. Credit risk premium is the core parameters in the model which has the greatest impact on loan pricing. Adopt the internal ratings-based approach (IRB)which is the core technology of Basel II to measure
12、 credit risk. Considering Chinas specific national conditions, some adjustment to the risk factors of IRB was made, especially the introduction of Z-valued model and qualitative analysis of non-financial factors. So that the evaluation of credit risk is more accurate and loan price can fully cover the risk. Byadding adjust rate of bank-enterprise relations in the model, the loan price not only can make up the average cost and risks, but also can achieve differential pricing according to the customers deposit-loan ratio and settlement amount in the bank. It