1、非谓语动词,Miss Wang,非谓语动词动名词 -ing现在分词 ing 主动、进行过去分词 p.p.被动(vt.)、完成(vi.)不定式 to do动作常发生在将来,非谓语动词做定、表、宾补、状语时，务必要明确两组关系主谓（主动）关系 （表示主动、进行）用现在分词（-ing）和(to) do表示主谓关系动宾（被动）关系（表示被动、完成）用过去分词(-ed)表示动宾关系,非谓语结构,非谓语形式包括 to + V，V-ing, V-ed。,一、不定式to doto be doingto have done,将来,正在,过去,现在分词doinghaving donehaving been don
2、e,强调非谓语动作比谓语动词先发生,过去分词v-edTo be doneBeing doneDone,将被执行,正被执行,已被执行,非谓语动作比谓语动词先发生并且强调被动,动作同时进行,用所给动词的恰当形式完成下面各句：1) She wanted the work _ (complete) by Friday.2) She wanted us _ ( complete ) the wok by Friday.3) We extended a warm welcome to his _ (come) to our party.4) She looked _ (disappoint) after
3、she lost the game.,to be completed,to complete,coming,disappointed,不定式可以充当其他成分I have something to do. He is always the first / last to arrive. I got there only to find the train had gone.后置定语，结果状语,二、分词：分词在句中起_和_的作用，可作_,_,_,_.分词有两种形式：_ 分词和 _ 分词。,分词的时态和语态。过去分词只有一种形式，它表示一个被动或完成的动作。,The fallen leaves me
4、ans the autumns coming.The building built last year is our library.,（表完成）,（表被动）,形容词,副词,表语,定语,状语,宾补,现在,过去,分词的否定式:,not + doing/having done,Not having received his letter, he decided to call him.Not knowing his address, she cannot get in touch with him.,Walking along the road, she found a key.She went
5、home, finding the door locked.Having finished supper, he went out to have a walk.The building being built is our library.The bridge built in 1860 is under repair.Having been used for a long time, the machine needs repairing.时态语态上的区别,Practice,1)口头英语 书面英语 新建的学校 广泛运用的语言 发达国家 担忧的表情 开水 落叶,spoken Englishw
6、ritten Englisha newly-built schoola widely-used languagedeveloped countriesworried lookboiled waterfallen leaves,1. 翻译下列短语,2) 担心 失望 惊奇 厌倦 兴奋 出名 对满意 对感兴趣,be worried (about)be disappointed (at)be surprised (at)be tired (of)be excited (at/about)be well-known (for/as)be satisfied (with)be interested (in
7、),falling leavesfallen leavesboiling waterboiled watera developing countrya developed country1. 作定语：现在分词表示进行、主动过去分词表示完成、被动,做定语时：done、being done和 to be done时态上的区别。Most of the guests invited to the party were her classmates.The library being built was designed by John.The building to be finished next
8、year will be our new theatre.,1.He didnt turn up at the meeting held yesterday afternoon. 2.You are expected to be present at the meeting to be held tomorrow. 3.The meeting being held now is of great importance.,（表示完成）,（表示将来）,（表示进行）,2. 作表语The story sounds interesting.Im interested in the story.shock
9、ing, shockedexciting, excitedmoving, movedfrightening, frightenedsurprising, surprisedterrifying, terrifiedastonishing, astonishedpuzzling, puzzledpleasing, pleased现在分词强调事物本身特性过去分词强调人的感受,He looks frightening. He looks frightened.There is a _ (frighten) look on his face.We are _ at seeing the _ incid
10、ent.A frightened/puzzled/ surprised/ shocked lookHe gave him a _ look.,frightened,frightened,frightening,frightening,综合理解Tom has a worrying look. So his mother is very worried.Tom has a worried look.The frightening tiger is frightened.,3. 宾补1).感官动词（see/ hear/ watch/ notice）+ 宾语+宾补（不定式，分词）的区别We heard
11、 her sing the song last night.(to) do 表示宾语和宾补的主动关系，强调动作全过程。We heard her singing the song when we got there.doing 表示宾语和宾补的主动关系，强调动作正在进行。We often hear this song sung by her.done表示宾语和宾补的被动关系，强调动作已经完成。,几类动词+宾语+ to do 作宾补 -ing P.P., see, hear, watch, feel, think , find, notice , observe, have, get, make,
12、 keep, leave, like, want, wish, order,带有“致使”含义的动词,表示感觉和心理状态的词,表示“希望、要求”等意义的词语,I saw him playing at that time.I never leave my work undone.I want him say sorry to her mother.,He was found (lie) on the grass.He found his money (steal).补充：catch sb. doing sth.抓住某人正在干坏事I caught a thief stealing money in
13、the customers pocket.The teacher caught a student （cheat）in the exam.,lying,stolen,cheating,2. 使役动词,make, get, have, keep, leave,I want to get my hair cut tomorrow.,= I want to let the barber cut my hair.,She couldnt make herself heard in a noisy crowd.,过去分词作宾补，强调动作被动，完成, make make sb. do sth. sb. b
14、e made to do sth. make oneself doneHe often makes his brother cry.His brother is often made to cry. Its so noisy that I couldnt make myself heard.It is a pity that I couldnt make myself (understand).,understood, havehave sb./sth. do sth.have sb./sth. doing sth.have sth. donehave sb. to do ()The teac
15、her has the students do exercise.The teacher has the students doing exercise all the time.The students have the exercise done.Can you have the car ( go). He just had me (wait) all day long.I would like to have my eyes (check).,go,waiting,checked, getget sb. to do sth.get sth. done get sth. doingWho
16、can get the sick horse to eat?It was Tom who got the clock going.Have you got your homework done?注意： get sb. to do sth. to 不可以省略对比: have sb do sth. to 必须省略 get sth. doing -ing在这里强调动作持续性,The teacher gets the students (do) the exercise.Traffic lights help to get the traffic . (move)Mum have got the di
17、nner (prepare).We couldnt get the machine (run).,to do,moving,prepared,running, leaveleave sb. doing 强调动作持续性leave sth. done Dont leave the water (run) after you finished using it. He always left his work (do), thats why he often got blamed.,running,undone, keep keep sb. doing sth. keep sth. done She
18、 kept me waiting for a long time. please keep the door shut!,3. 表“希望，要求”的动词： want, wish, expect, wish, like, order,I want the work to be finished by Sunday.,Jim ordered the room to be cleaned.,4. with, without + 宾语 + 宾补（只有这两个介词可以带宾语+宾补）,Do you know the man with his hair tied back?,They left without
19、a dish touched.,With a lot of things (do), I have to stay up at light.With the boy (lead) us the way, we had no difficulty in finding her house.With homework (do) , Jim went out to play.,to do,leading,done,The little girl got used to sleeping with the window closed. the window open. the light on. a
20、toy bear in her arm. a lullaby sung by her mother. a bedtime story told by her father.,with+ O + OC的复合结构中，宾补可以由现在分词，过去分词，不定式，形容词，副词，介词短语充当。,4. 做状语1).不定式做状语常表示目的, 结果( only to)I had done all I could to help him.I went home, only to find my house broken into.2).分词做状语常表示原因，时间，条件，方式，伴随，让步等。注意：时态先后，语态（判断好
21、分词和逻辑主语的关系）,（see）from a distance, the hill looks like a man. （see）the hill, he always thinks of his hometown. (help) by the teacher, I am sure she will learn English well. (help) by the teacher, she has learned English well. (give) more time, well finish the work in time.When (stay) in Beijing, we v
22、isited many places of interest.,Seen,Seeing,Being helped,Helped,Given,staying,be absorbed in be exposed to,be compared to/withbe faced withbe caught in,( compare) with Tom, Jack works harder. ( catch) in the rain, he was late for class. (face )with difficulty, he never gives in.,Compared,Caught,Face
23、d,分词作状语受到系表结构固定短语的影响,值得注意的是，有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，常表示心理状态或感受，作状语时不表被动而表主动。如：be lost in（专注于）be tied of（厌烦） be exhausted by（筋疲力尽）be worried about （担心）be astonished at(惊讶）be moved by (感动）be determined to（决心做）be surprised at, be excited with/at/about,(lose) in thought, I made no sense of what you said. （worry）
24、about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.,Lost,Worried,Determined to go to a key university, she works very hard.,分词独立主格结构,Generally/Honestly/Frankly/ Strictly speaking, the earth is bigger than the moon.Considering everything, Captain Blight should be given a medal.Time/ Weather pe
25、rmitting, well go and have a picnic.Compared with Tim, Tom is more clever.Faced with difficulty, we should never give up.Lost in thought, he didnt hear the footsteps.Caught in the rain, we were late for class.,分词练习some exercises about participle,Exercise1.我们对这件令人吃惊的事情感到非常吃惊。 we are _ at this _ thing
26、.2.你认识躺在树下的那位人吗？ Do you know the person _.3.我对鲁迅写的这本书非常感兴趣。 Im _ _in the book _ by Lu Xun.4.她站在那里等公共汽车。 _.,surprised,surprising,lying under the big tree,interested,written,She stood there waiting for the bus.,5.做了很多实验以后，他发现了一种新方法。 _，he discovered a new method.6.与名片比较起来，电子字典要稍微大一点。 _business card, th
27、e e-dictionary is a little bigger.7.这些警察发现这个小偷把手伸进那位老太太的口袋，当场就把他抓住。The police find the thief _ his hand into the old ladys pocket and catch him red-handed.,Having made a lot of experients,Compared with,putting,Fill the passage with proper form Our English teacher, Miss Smith is friendly with us, _ _
28、from the USA. We are _ (interest) in her class, because her class is lively and _.(interest) Like many other teachers, she devotes herself to _(work) and spends a lot of time _(stay) with students. _ _(consider) our poor English, she comes to our classroom in the morning, _ (watch) over the students
29、 _ (read) English. She,coming,interested,interesting,working,staying,Considering,watching,reading,has a special way to deal with the students _ (sleep) in class. She will ask these students _ (answer) the questions _(give) by herself. She is busy with her job all the day._ (finish) all the work, she
30、 goes home to have a rest. But it is very late in the day. Miss Smith is _a responsible teacher _all of us like her very much.,sleeping,to answer,given,Having finished,such,that,(The boy in the pictures is Tom. And his friends name is Jack),a new football,a. Tom likes/enjoys playing football very mu
31、ch.b. Tom saw/noticed his mother washing clothes.,c. Tom decided to help his mother do housework.,b. Tom refused to play with Jack, because he was doing some washing.,a. Jack asked Tom to play football with him.,b. While he was doing some washing he wanted to have a new football.,a. Tom was helping
32、his mother to wash the clothes.,a. When Tom finished washing, his mother felt very happy.b. Toms mother promised to buy a new football for him.,The new planet is 30 times farther away than any planet _ (discovered, discovering) by scientists before. It is in the Milky Way(银河) but it is not in our so
33、lar system(太阳系). The new planet moves around a star much like our sun, however. Scientists discovered the planet by using a new planet-searching method, _ (calling, called) “transit technique.”,They were able to catch sight of the planet when it moved in front of its star, _ (caused, causing) the st
34、ars light to dim(变暗). Scientists compare the method to _ (discover, discovering) the shadow of a bee _ (flown, flying) in front of a searchlight 200 miles away. “We believe the door has been opened wide to go and discover planets like Earth,” says Sasselov. (03北京卷B),The “transit technique” can _. (03北京59) A. help dim the light of a starB. help scientists with a searchlightC. help discover a bee on a planetD. help find a planet moving before its star,
