1、一、常用代词辨析1代词it,they与替代词one,ones,the one,the ones, that,those的用法区别(1)it指代前面提到过的同一事物,they为其复数形式。 Your story is interesting,but I dont like it. 你的故事很有趣,但是我不喜欢。 Have you found your pen?你找到你的钢笔了吗? No,I havent found it.还没有。,(2009四川高考)I like this house with a beautiful garden in front,but I dont have enough
2、 money to buy _.AoneBitCthis Dthat,解析:选_句意:我喜欢这套带漂亮前院的房子,但是我没有足够的钱去买它。one用于泛指某类中的一个;it用于特指,指前面提及的单数个体;this用于指已经提到或已知的人、物、主意等;that用于名词或代词前,指人或事物,尤指在空间或时间上较远的物等。故选B。,B,(2)one代替单数可数名词,表示泛指,ones为其复数形式。 the one替代前面的单数名词,表示特指,其后往往带定 语,the ones为其复数形式。 I havent a computer.I want to buy one next year. 我没有电脑,
3、明年我想买一台。 I like this book better than the one I read last time. 比起上次我读的那本书,我更喜欢这一本。 These shoes are not good enough.Show me some better ones.这些鞋子不够好,再让我看一些更好的。,温馨提示one替代前边的名词,是前边名词的同位语,前边名词若是特指,要用the one;若是泛指则用one。He is a kind student,one who always helps others.他是一个热心肠的学生,一个总是帮助别人的学生。He is the most
4、 excellent student,the one who wins the first prize.他就是那个最优秀的学生,那个赢得一等奖的学生。,(2009全国卷)The CDs are on sale!Buy one and you get_completely free.Aother BothersCone Dones,解析:选_考查代词辨析。句意:光盘特价了!买一送一!空白处填one,指代one CD。,C,(3)that既可以替代特指的单数可数名词,也可以替代特 指的不可数名词,若替代特指的单数可数名词时,相 当于the one。 The weather in Beijing i
5、s much colder than that in Nanjing in winter. 北京的天气在冬天要比南京的天气冷得多。 The book is more interesting than that/the one you read a few days ago. 这本书要比你前几天读的有趣得多。,(2009全国卷)One of the most important questions they had to consider was_of public health.Awhat BthisCthat Dwhich,解析:选_考查代词辨析。因was之后不是句子,故可排除what和wh
6、ich。that通常指代表示特指的名词,通常后面有后置定语。,C,(4)those 替代复数名词,相当于 the ones。 Students in Class One are more hard working than those in Class Two.一班的学生比二班的学生学习更努力。2none,no one,nothing,neither和no(1)none“没人,没有任何东西”,既可指人,也可指物。 none后可接of短语,常用来回答how many/much的问题。,They were all tired,but none of them would stop to have
7、a rest.他们都累了,但没有一个愿意停下来休息。None of us have/has been there.我们中没有人去过那里。How many of you have seen the film?你们中有多少人看过这部电影?None(of us)一个也没有。,(2008浙江高考)Id like some more cheese.Sorry,theres _ left.Asome BnoneCa little Dfew,解析:选_句意:“我想再吃点奶酪。”“很抱歉,一点儿也没了。”根据句意,排除A、C两项;few 指代可数名词,故D项亦被排除。none 相当于 no前面提到的名词。,B
8、,(2)no one 表“没有人,谁也不”,只指人,作主语时, 后跟单数动词。常可用来回答用who提问的问句。 Who can answer the question?谁能回答这个问题? No one.没人。 No one knows when he was born. 没有人知道他的生辰。,(3)nothing意为“没有东西”,一般回答what提问的句子。 Whats in the cave?洞里有什么? Nothing.没什么。(4)neither指“两个人或物中一个也不,两者都不”,表否 定意义,作主语时谓语动词用单数。 Neither answer is right. 两个答案中没有一
9、个是正确的。,(5)no,not a(an)+可数名词单数not any+,不可数名词可数名词复数,I have no car.(nonot a)我没有车。There is no milk left in the bottle.(nonot any)瓶里没有牛奶了。,3other,others,any other,the other,another的用法(1)other表示泛指,意为“另外的、其他的”,常与复数名 词或不可数名词连用。如果其前有the,this,some, any,each,every,no,one以及形容词性物主代词 时,其后就可接单数名词。 Would you please
10、 make it some other day?(another day)改日做此事好吗? I have no other place to go.我再也没有别的地方可去。,(2)others是other的复数形式,表示泛指,意为“别的人或 物”,但不指全部。特指时在其前加定冠词;前面可加 限定词以及数量词,常构成some.others。 He has more concern for others than for himself. 他关心别人比关心自己多。 Some students are cleaning the classroom;others are playing on the
11、playground. 一些学生在打扫教室,另一些在操场上玩。,(3)any other表示一个之外的其他任何一个,而不是两个 之中的另一个。 China is larger than any other country in Asia. 中国比亚洲的其他国家都大。(4)the other表示两者中的另外一个。可单独使用,也可接 单数名词。 No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give way to the other. 因为双方都不愿意屈服,所以讨论中没有达成一致。,(5)another常用于指三者
12、或三者以上中的“另外一个”,泛 指单数。可单独使用,也可后接名词。如果其后接复数 名词,则表示“又、再、还”。 This cap is too small for me.Show me another (one) 这帽子太小了,给我看另外一顶。 We need another three assistants in our shop. 我们店还需要三名店员。 He will stay here for another 3 days.(3 more days) 他还要在这里呆三天。,(2009山东高考)I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided
13、this morning I couldnt face_day like that.Aother BanotherCthe other Dothers,解析:选_句意:我昨天一天都很难受,以至于我今天早晨决定再也不能面对像那样的一天了。another表示“又一,另一;别的,另外的;类似的,相似的”,符合句意。the other指两个中的另外一个;other多与复数名词连用;others后不能接名词。,B,二、it的用法1指代事物、动物、婴儿或未知的人。 Look at the baby.Isnt it lovely? 看那个小婴儿,它不可爱吗? Who is there?谁在那里? Its o
14、nly me.我。2指天气、时间、距离、自然现象、环境等。 Its very cold today.今天很冷。 Its twenty miles to the zoo.到公园20英里路。,3代替不定式、v.ing形式、名词性从句,作形式主语或 形式宾语。 Its of great help to master a foreign language. 掌握一门外语很有帮助。 I find it quite necessary to make some changes. 我发现有必要做出改变。 Its no good (no use,useless,senseless, dangerous,enj
15、oyable,worthwhile)v.ing. Its no use arguing with him.同他争论没什么用。 It is well known that China has the largest population in the world.众所周知,中国在世界上人口最多。,4用作look,seem,appear,happen等词的主语。 It seems that he lost his way.他好像迷路了。 It happened that she was not at home when I called. 我打电话时,碰巧她不在家。5表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动
16、词后面接 it,构成 固定结构,这类动词有enjoy,prefer,love,like, hate,dislike,appreciate 等。,I will appreciate it if you can give me a hand.如果你能帮我一把,我会很感激。I cant help it if he is always late.如果他总是迟到,我也没办法。As someone puts it,practice makes perfect.像某人所说的那样,熟能生巧。You may depend on it that they will support you.你相信好了,他们会支持你
17、的。,(1)(2009河南省示范三联)Chinese parents think less of money when _ comes to educating their children. Aone Bhe Cthat Dit,解析:选_句意:当涉及对孩子的教育时中国的家长很少考虑花钱多少。When it comes to sth./doing sth.When it is a case,matter or question of (doing) sth.当涉及时。,D,(2)(2009山西试验月考)_ disappeared as time went on that he was afr
18、aid of climbing high mountains.AIt BThatCWhat DWhich,解析:选_句意:随着时间的推移,他对爬山的恐惧感消失了。首先忽略as time went on这一时间状语,这样很容易发现that从句为真正主语,而四个选项中只有it可作形式主语。,A,三、代词的特殊用法1人称代词单独使用时,一般不用主格而用宾格。 Glad to meet you.见到你很高兴。 Me,too.见到你我也很高兴。 Susan,go and join your sister cleaning the yard. Susan,和你姐姐一起去扫院子。 Why me?John i
19、s sitting there doing nothing. 为什么让我去?John正坐在那儿没事可做。,2与复合不定代词构成的习惯句型。 He is nothing but a clerk.他只是一个职员。 He is anything but a clerk.他绝不是一名职员。 He is someone/something/not anybody. 他是个重要人物/出色的人物/普普通通的人。 She is something of a doctor.She has saved many lives. 她可以说是一位出色的医生,她已救了很多人的命。,3such指如前所述的这样的人或事物。此
20、时,如果遇到 a/an,such必须放在其前;如果遇到no,one,two, three,another,several,some,many,all等词时, such必须置于其后。有时such之后可以加一个as,用以 引出属于哪一类。 He is not such a fool as he looks. 他并不像看上去的那样愚蠢。 Such is Elbert Einstein,a simple man with great achievements.这就是阿尔伯特爱因斯坦,一个简朴而 又成绩卓著的人。,Tom is such a nice person.汤姆就是这样一位好人。All such
21、 problems have been solved already.所有这样的问题已被解决。Any such mistake can be avoided.任何这样的问题都能避免。There is no such car here.这里没有这样的小汽车。,4so作指示代词时,代替一个句子或短语所表达的事情。(1)在believe,think,expect,suppose,imagine,guess等 词后,用so代替前文提出的观点。既可以用于肯定句, 也可用于否定句。 Will Tom come this evening?汤姆今晚会来吗? I think so./I dont think so./I think not. 我想会的。/我想不会。,(2)用于肯定的hope以及Im afraid后,代替前文提出的观点。 Is it going to rain tomorrow?明天会下雨吗? I hope so./I hope not.(不用I dont hope so.) 希望如此。/希望不会下雨。,